Policy Analysis to Reduce Climate Change-Induced Risks in Urban and Rural Areas in Korea
1
Department of Urban Planning & Real Estate, Chung Ang University, Seoul 06974, Korea
2
Department of Public Service, Chung Ang University, Seoul 06974, Korea
3
Division of Climate Change and Interdisciplinary Research, Korea Environment Institute, Sejong 30147, Korea
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Academic Editors: JinHyo Joseph Yun and Tan Yigitcanlar
Sustainability 2017, 9(4), 524; https://doi.org/10.3390/su9040524
Received: 22 December 2016 / Revised: 24 March 2017 / Accepted: 25 March 2017 / Published: 30 March 2017
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sustainability and Open Innovation Capabilities of Firms for Value Chain Development)
The purpose of this paper was to project changes in climate change-induced risks over time and to investigate policy alternatives to mitigate the risks from increases in sea level, heavy rains, and heat waves in urban and rural areas. System dynamics simulation was used to build a model and conduct policy analysis for a simulation period over the years 2000–2050. The model was built with a focus on the interaction among three factors: damage restoration costs from heavy rains, heat waves, and sea level rise; the total cost of food imports due to decreases in arable land and agricultural productivity; and changes in the government budget to respond to climate change problems. A policy experiment was conducted with the model under four scenarios mainly based on the government budget for climate change. The results indicated, firstly, that the climate budget needs to be increased to at least 13 trillion Korean Won (US $11.6 billion) per year. Secondly, an earlier budget increase would more effectively reduce the total disaster restoration cost than a delayed budget increase. Third, if an earlier budget increase is difficult, the next best alternative would be to allocate a greater fraction of the climate budget to urban rather than to rural areas. Lastly, an early response to climate change would more effectively reduce food import costs, maintain agricultural productivity, and improve infrastructure for climate change adaptation than a delayed response. In conclusion, an earlier increase in the climate change budget would be more effective than a delayed budget increase of the same amount, and allocating a larger fraction of the climate budget to urban areas could be more cost-effective than increasing the budget, if urban and rural parties could agree on the method of allocation.
View Full-Text
▼
Show Figures
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited
MDPI and ACS Style
Moon, T.H.; Kim, D.-H.; Park, C.S.; Lee, D.-S. Policy Analysis to Reduce Climate Change-Induced Risks in Urban and Rural Areas in Korea. Sustainability 2017, 9, 524. https://doi.org/10.3390/su9040524
AMA Style
Moon TH, Kim D-H, Park CS, Lee D-S. Policy Analysis to Reduce Climate Change-Induced Risks in Urban and Rural Areas in Korea. Sustainability. 2017; 9(4):524. https://doi.org/10.3390/su9040524
Chicago/Turabian StyleMoon, Tae H.; Kim, Dong-Hwan; Park, Chang S.; Lee, Dong-Sung. 2017. "Policy Analysis to Reduce Climate Change-Induced Risks in Urban and Rural Areas in Korea" Sustainability 9, no. 4: 524. https://doi.org/10.3390/su9040524
Find Other Styles
Note that from the first issue of 2016, MDPI journals use article numbers instead of page numbers. See further details here.
Search more from Scilit