Inter-Korean Forest Cooperation 1998–2012: A Policy Arrangement Approach
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Policy Arrangement Approach: Research Design and Method
Type of Documents | Title of Documents |
---|---|
Books | Unification White Papers (1998–2012) |
Declarations & Agreements | June 15 Joint Declaration (2000) |
The 15th Inter-Korean Ministerial Talks (2005) | |
First round of Inter-Korean Agricultural Cooperation Committee (2005) | |
Declaration on the Advancement of South-North Korean Relations, Peace and Prosperity (2007) | |
First South-North Prime Ministerial Talks (2007) | |
Acts | Inter-Korean Exchange & Cooperation Act (1990) |
Inter-Korean Cooperation Fund Act (1990) | |
Ordinances | Ordinance on South-North Gangwon Province’s Exchange and Cooperation Committee (1989) |
Ordinance on South-North Gangwon Province’s Cooperation Fund (1989) | |
Ordinance on South-North Gyeonggi Province’s Exchange and Cooperation (2001) | |
Ordinance on Gyeonggi Province’s Exchange and Cooperation Committee (2002) | |
Ordinance on South-North Gyeonggi Province’s Cooperation Fund |
3. Results
3.1. Discourse
South Korean Administration | Policy Focus toward North Korea | Forest Project Activities |
---|---|---|
Kim Dae Jung (1998–2002) | Reconciliation and cooperation | Creation |
Roh Moo Hyun (2003–2007) | Peace and Prosperity | Vitalization |
Lee Myoung Bak (2008–2012) | Denuclearization and Openness | Stagnation |
Title | Signed Date | Contents | South Korean Administration |
---|---|---|---|
June 15 Joint Declaration | 15 June 2000 | Cooperation and exchanges in the environmental field | Kim Dae Jung (1998–2002) |
The 15th Inter-Korean Ministerial Talks | 23 June 2005 | Inter-Korean agricultural cooperation | Roh Moo Hyun (2003–2007) |
First round of Inter-Korean Agricultural Cooperation Committee | 19 August 2005 | Forestry projects: protection of lands and ecosystems through the construction of tree nurseries and control of diseases and insect pests | Roh Moo Hyun (2003–2007) |
Declaration on the Advancement of South-North Korean Relations, Peace and Prosperity | 4 October 2007 | Cooperation projects in the sector of agriculture and environmental protection | Roh Moo Hyun (2003–2007) |
First South-North Prime Ministerial Talks for implementing Declaration on the Advancement of South-North Korean Relations, Peace and Prosperity | 16 November 2007 | Cooperation projects on reforestation and prevention of diseases and insect pests | Roh Moo Hyun (2003–2007) |
3.2. Actors
3.3. Rules
3.4. Power
The Financed Private Organizations | Year | Total | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2003 | 2004 | 2005 | 2006 | 2007 | 2008 | ||
Administration | |||||||
RMH | LMB | ||||||
Forest for Peace | 46 | 75 | 87 | 160 | 22 | - | 390 |
Korean Council for Reconciliation and Cooperation | - | - | - | - | 1399 | - | 1399 |
Green One Korea | - | - | 338 | 338 | |||
Total | 46 | 75 | 87 | 160 | 1421 | 338 | 2127 |
4. Discussion and Conclusions
Dimensions of power | Attributes | Levels | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Low | Medium | High | ||
Finance | Financial dependency Financial scale | Dependent | Independent and small scale | Independent and large scale |
Forest expertise | Positions of forest experts within organizations | No forest experts | Part-time positions | Full-time positions |
Communication and networks | Communication activities Coalitions | No publications and no conferences | Publications and conferences | Publications and conferences Coalitions |
Legal authority | Legislations Administration procedures | No legislations | Establishing and implementing legislations | Establishing and implementing legislations Controlling projects |
Acknowledgements
Conflicts of Interest
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Park, M.S. Inter-Korean Forest Cooperation 1998–2012: A Policy Arrangement Approach. Sustainability 2015, 7, 5241-5259. https://doi.org/10.3390/su7055241
Park MS. Inter-Korean Forest Cooperation 1998–2012: A Policy Arrangement Approach. Sustainability. 2015; 7(5):5241-5259. https://doi.org/10.3390/su7055241
Chicago/Turabian StylePark, Mi Sun. 2015. "Inter-Korean Forest Cooperation 1998–2012: A Policy Arrangement Approach" Sustainability 7, no. 5: 5241-5259. https://doi.org/10.3390/su7055241
APA StylePark, M. S. (2015). Inter-Korean Forest Cooperation 1998–2012: A Policy Arrangement Approach. Sustainability, 7(5), 5241-5259. https://doi.org/10.3390/su7055241