Sustainable Management of Rural Architectural Heritage Through Rural Tourism: Iznik (Turkey) Case Study
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Literature Review
2.1. Relationship Between Rural Architectural Heritage, Rural Tourism, and Rural Development
2.2. Rural Tourism and Cultural Heritage Management in the Sustainability of Rural Areas
3. Materials and Methods
3.1. The Iznik Rural Area
3.2. Methodology
4. Results
4.1. Field Study Conducted in Rural Areas
4.2. Stakeholder Interviews
4.3. Findings and Recommendations
5. Discussion
6. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Stakeholder Roles | Stakeholders | Disciplines |
---|---|---|
Decision-Making Stakeholders | Iznik Municipality | Heritage protection, Tourism, Development |
Iznik District Directorate | Heritage Protection, Tourism, Development | |
Bursa Metropolitan Municipality | Heritage Protection, Tourism, Development | |
Iznik Site Management Unit | Heritage Protection, Tourism | |
Provincial Directorate of Culture and Tourism | Heritage Protection, Tourism | |
Stakeholders Influencing The Decision | Agriculture and Rural Development Support Institution (TKDK) | Development |
Bursa Eskisehir Development Agency (BEBKA) | Development | |
Heritage Protection | Heritage Protection |
Questions Regarding Rural Architectural Heritage | Questions Regarding Integrated Management |
---|---|
R.A.H.1: What are your thoughts on the role and importance of rural architectural heritage values in the formation of rural culture? | I.M.1: How can studies that utilize rural architectural heritage in the provision of rural tourism and rural development be handled together? |
R.A.H.2: What are your practices as an institution regarding the protection and preservation of the natural and cultural heritage in the Iznik countryside? What can be done? | I.M.2: Who should make up this collaborative working group? |
R.A.H.3: How can rural architectural heritage values be used in tourism practices in Iznik rural area? | I.M.3: What should be the roles and responsibilities of the joint working group? |
R.A.H.4: Does rural tourism have negative effects on the environment, natural beauty and cultural heritage? If yes, what are they and how can they be prevented? | |
R.A.H.5: What kind of tourism plan and strategy should be determined to conserve and preserve rural architectural heritage values? |
Proposed Actions | Responsible Organizations | Goal Deadlines | |
---|---|---|---|
R.A.H.1 goal: sustainability of heritageama | 1.1.a. Organizing awareness panels through cooperation between local government and university. | BBB, IB, BUU | short |
1.1.b. Conducting inventory studies for architectural heritage values. | IB, BMO, BUU | short | |
1.1.c. Providing information to increase applications and work for the protection and restoration of traditional structures. | BBB, IB, BKVKBK | short | |
1.1.d. Identity of non-original materials or types of materials and structures that are not compatible with the existing silhouette. | IB, BMO | short | |
R.A.H.2 goal: protection and preservation of natural and cultural heritage | 2.a. Organizing digital documentation studies for the entire rural area to recognize, protect and preserve local values in rural areas. | BBB, BKVKBK, IB, BEBKA, NGO | short-periodic |
2.b.1. Organizing routes and events that will develop cultural and religious tourism. Ensuring the protection of these values. | BBB, IB, NGO | medium-periodic | |
2.b.2. To ensure the protection of traditional texture, rural identity, tangible and intangible cultural assets and sensitive ecosystems in rural areas and their use and promotion for tourism. | BBB, IB, NGO | short-periodic | |
2.b.3. Transforming traditional architectural structures into accommodation areas that will support tourism. | BBB, BKVKBK, IB, BMO | short | |
2.b.4. Addressing Iznik and Iznik countryside with an integrated planning and management approach in the balance of protection and revitalization. | BBB, IB | medium-periodic | |
2.c. Providing support for the maintenance, branding, marketing and production of traditional rural production styles and crafts. | IB, ITSO, BEBKA | periodic | |
2.d.1. Carrying out promotional activities and infrastructure investments to develop tourism. | BBB, IB, BEBKA, NGO | medium-periodic | |
2.d.2. Developing rural tourism and opportunities such as as guesthouses in rural areas, apart from daily visits. | IB | medium | |
2.e. Determining the cultural assets that need to be protected and taking protection decisions for the protection of cultural heritage. | BBB, IB, BKVKBK | short | |
R.A.H.3 goal: use of rural architectural heritage values in tourism practices | 3.a. In tourism practices, raising awareness among local residents about the value of local cultural assets and rural architectural heritage. | IK, IB, BBB, TKDK, BEBKA | short |
3.b. Identifying the architectural heritage values that are inactive and at risk of collapse, placing warning signs around them for security purposes, and taking the necessary security measures. | BBB, IK, IB | short | |
3.c. Carrying out the necessary repairs of abandoned common use buildings using original and traditional techniques. | BBB, BKVKBK | medium | |
3.d. Conducting studies to integrate production-oriented building extensions into tourism. | BBB, IB, NGO | medium | |
3.e. Identifying traditional rural buildings, repaired and converted into guesthouses reflecting traditional rural life, thus turning them into local traditional experience areas. | BBB, IB, NGO | medium | |
3.f. Ensuring the use of historical water mills for tourism purposes by supporting them with relevant activities. | IB | short | |
3.g. The production processes of original handicrafts and crafts carried out in rural workshops can be observed in rural tours and these products can be produced and sold in smaller sizes. | BBB, IB, NGO | medium | |
3.h. Organizing tours that include visiting olive groves enriched with landscape routes, introducing olive culture, participating in seasonal olive picking activities, explaining olive processing processes and tasting, and ending with the sale of olives. | IB, NGO | medium | |
3.i. Reactivating sericulture, especially in the settlements to the south of the Iznik Lake Basin, and allowing tourists to actively experience production activities. | BBB, BKVKBK, NGO | long | |
3.j. Village cooperatives will be established and abandoned buildings in villages will be used as sales and exhibition areas for products. | IB, Köy-Koop | medium | |
3.k. Producing projects for the use of local values. | BBB, IB | medium | |
3.l. Increasing information and guidance by developing technological opportunities such as the GoBursa smartphone application to include the architectural heritage values of the Iznik countryside. | BBB, IB | medium | |
R.A.H.4 goal: preventing the negative impacts | 4.a. Carrying out integrated management studies of development, tourism and protection within the scope of the tourism management plan and study in which the protection-use balance is ensured. | BBB, IB | short |
4.b. Preparation of periodic monitoring reports on registered monumental buildings and rural architectural heritage values. | BKVKBK, universities, MO | periodic | |
R.A.H.5 goal: creating tourism strategies | 5.a. Preparation of visitor management plans by determining visitor numbers, visit periods and carrying capacities of the areas. | BBB, IB, NGO | medium |
5.b. Creating monitoring indicators for the goals in the management plan. | BBB, IB | medium | |
5.c. Creating routes that connect different areas and values such as cultural routes, archaeological routes, nature walk routes, canyon routes, bicycle routes that include rural architectural heritage values, and developing existing ones. | BBB, IB, NGO | medium | |
5.d. Creation of four-season tourism maps. | BBB, IB, NGO | medium | |
5.e. Preparation of a tourism plan that maintains the existing rural identity of Iznik’s central and surrounding rural areas. | BBB, IB, NGO | medium | |
5.f. Creating a tourism plan and safety, disaster and emergency action plans. | BBB, IB, NGO | medium |
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Soykök Ede, B.; Taş, M.; Taş, N. Sustainable Management of Rural Architectural Heritage Through Rural Tourism: Iznik (Turkey) Case Study. Sustainability 2025, 17, 3520. https://doi.org/10.3390/su17083520
Soykök Ede B, Taş M, Taş N. Sustainable Management of Rural Architectural Heritage Through Rural Tourism: Iznik (Turkey) Case Study. Sustainability. 2025; 17(8):3520. https://doi.org/10.3390/su17083520
Chicago/Turabian StyleSoykök Ede, Burcu, Murat Taş, and Nilüfer Taş. 2025. "Sustainable Management of Rural Architectural Heritage Through Rural Tourism: Iznik (Turkey) Case Study" Sustainability 17, no. 8: 3520. https://doi.org/10.3390/su17083520
APA StyleSoykök Ede, B., Taş, M., & Taş, N. (2025). Sustainable Management of Rural Architectural Heritage Through Rural Tourism: Iznik (Turkey) Case Study. Sustainability, 17(8), 3520. https://doi.org/10.3390/su17083520