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Volume 17
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Retraction of Sustainability 2020, 12(4), 1558.
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Retraction

RETRACTED: Wong et al. In-Situ Yeast Fermentation to Enhance Bioconversion of Coconut Endosperm Waste into Larval Biomass of Hermetia illucens: Statistical Augmentation of Larval Lipid Content. Sustainability 2020, 12, 1558

by
Chung Yiin Wong
1,
Muhammad Naeim Mohd Aris
2,
Hanita Daud
2,
Man Kee Lam
3,
Ching Seong Yong
4,
Hadura Abu Hasan
5,
Siewhui Chong
6,
Pau Loke Show
6,
Oetami Dwi Hajoeningtijas
7,
Yeek Chia Ho
8,
Pei Sean Goh
9,
Husnul Kausarian
10,
Guan-Ting Pan
11 and
Jun Wei Lim
1,*
1
Department of Fundamental and Applied Sciences, Centre for Biofuel and Biochemical Research, Institute of Self-Sustainable Building, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Seri Iskandar 32610, Perak Darul Ridzuan, Malaysia
2
Department of Fundamental and Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Seri Iskandar 32610, Perak Darul Ridzuan, Malaysia
3
Department of Chemical Engineering, Centre for Biofuel and Biochemical Research, Institute of Self-Sustainable Building, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Seri Iskandar 32610, Perak Darul Ridzuan, Malaysia
4
EnviProtein Sdn Bhd, 1327, Jalan Padang Benggali, Butterworth 13050, Penang, Malaysia
5
School of Biological Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang 11800, Malaysia
6
Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Broga Road, Semenyih 43500, Malaysia
7
Department of Agroecology, Agriculture Faculty, Universitas Muhammadiyah Purwokerto, Raya Dukuhwaluh Street PO BOX 202, Purwokerto 53182, Central of Java, Indonesia
8
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Centre for Urban and Resources, Institute of Self-Sustainable Building, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Seri Iskandar 32610, Perak Darul Ridzuan, Malaysia
9
Advanced Membrane Technology Research Centre (AMTEC), School of Chemical and Energy Engineering (FCEE), Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), Skudai 81310, Johor, Malaysia
10
Department of Geological Engineering, Universitas Islam Riau, Pekanbaru 62761674834, Riau 28284, Indonesia
11
Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei 106, Taiwan
 
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Sustainability 2025, 17(23), 10546; https://doi.org/10.3390/su172310546
Submission received: 18 November 2025 / Accepted: 19 November 2025 / Published: 25 November 2025
Versions Notes
The journal retracts the article “In-Situ Yeast Fermentation to Enhance Bioconversion of Coconut Endosperm Waste into Larval Biomass of Hermetia illucens: Statistical Augmentation of Larval Lipid Content” [1] cited above.
Following publication, concerns were brought to the attention of the Editorial Office regarding serious flaws in the methodology as well as a significant overlap of data presented in this article [1] and another published paper by a similar authorship group [2].
Adhering to our complaint procedure, an investigation was conducted by the Editorial Office and Editorial Board that confirmed major methodological and statistical flaws in this article [1] as well as an overlap with the data presented in another published paper [2]. While the authors cooperated with the Editorial Office during the investigation, they were unable to satisfactorily reply to flagged concerns. Given the impact that these errors have on the validity of the overall findings, the Editorial Board have decided to retract this publication [1], as per MDPI’s retraction policy (https://www.mdpi.com/ethics#_bookmark30).
This retraction was approved by the Editor-in-Chief of the journal Sustainability.
The authors did not agree to this retraction.

References

  1. Wong, C.Y.; Mohd Aris, M.N.; Daud, H.; Lam, M.K.; Yong, C.S.; Abu Hasan, H.; Chong, S.; Show, P.L.; Hajoeningtijas, O.D.; Ho, Y.C.; et al. RETRACTED: In-Situ Yeast Fermentation to Enhance Bioconversion of Coconut Endosperm Waste into Larval Biomass of Hermetia illucens: Statistical Augmentation of Larval Lipid Content. Sustainability 2020, 12, 1558. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
  2. Wong, C.Y.; Ho, Y.C.; Lim, J.W.; Show, P.L.; Chong, S.; Chan, Y.J.; Ho, C.D.; Mohamad, M.; Wu, T.Y.; Lam, M.K.; et al. RETRACTED: In-Situ Yeast Fermentation Medium in Fortifying Protein and Lipid Accumulations in the Harvested Larval Biomass of Black Soldier Fly. Processes 2020, 8, 337. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
Disclaimer/Publisher’s Note: The statements, opinions and data contained in all publications are solely those of the individual author(s) and contributor(s) and not of MDPI and/or the editor(s). MDPI and/or the editor(s) disclaim responsibility for any injury to people or property resulting from any ideas, methods, instructions or products referred to in the content.

Share and Cite

MDPI and ACS Style

Wong, C.Y.; Mohd Aris, M.N.; Daud, H.; Lam, M.K.; Yong, C.S.; Abu Hasan, H.; Chong, S.; Show, P.L.; Hajoeningtijas, O.D.; Ho, Y.C.; et al. RETRACTED: Wong et al. In-Situ Yeast Fermentation to Enhance Bioconversion of Coconut Endosperm Waste into Larval Biomass of Hermetia illucens: Statistical Augmentation of Larval Lipid Content. Sustainability 2020, 12, 1558. Sustainability 2025, 17, 10546. https://doi.org/10.3390/su172310546

AMA Style

Wong CY, Mohd Aris MN, Daud H, Lam MK, Yong CS, Abu Hasan H, Chong S, Show PL, Hajoeningtijas OD, Ho YC, et al. RETRACTED: Wong et al. In-Situ Yeast Fermentation to Enhance Bioconversion of Coconut Endosperm Waste into Larval Biomass of Hermetia illucens: Statistical Augmentation of Larval Lipid Content. Sustainability 2020, 12, 1558. Sustainability. 2025; 17(23):10546. https://doi.org/10.3390/su172310546

Chicago/Turabian Style

Wong, Chung Yiin, Muhammad Naeim Mohd Aris, Hanita Daud, Man Kee Lam, Ching Seong Yong, Hadura Abu Hasan, Siewhui Chong, Pau Loke Show, Oetami Dwi Hajoeningtijas, Yeek Chia Ho, and et al. 2025. "RETRACTED: Wong et al. In-Situ Yeast Fermentation to Enhance Bioconversion of Coconut Endosperm Waste into Larval Biomass of Hermetia illucens: Statistical Augmentation of Larval Lipid Content. Sustainability 2020, 12, 1558" Sustainability 17, no. 23: 10546. https://doi.org/10.3390/su172310546

APA Style

Wong, C. Y., Mohd Aris, M. N., Daud, H., Lam, M. K., Yong, C. S., Abu Hasan, H., Chong, S., Show, P. L., Hajoeningtijas, O. D., Ho, Y. C., Goh, P. S., Kausarian, H., Pan, G.-T., & Lim, J. W. (2025). RETRACTED: Wong et al. In-Situ Yeast Fermentation to Enhance Bioconversion of Coconut Endosperm Waste into Larval Biomass of Hermetia illucens: Statistical Augmentation of Larval Lipid Content. Sustainability 2020, 12, 1558. Sustainability, 17(23), 10546. https://doi.org/10.3390/su172310546

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