Hybrid Leadership Style in Kibbutz Industries to Promote Sustainability
Abstract
1. Introduction
Research Questions
2. Literature Review
2.1. Leadership and Organizational Sustainability
2.2. Leadership for Organizational Sustainability
2.2.1. Democratic Leadership Style
2.2.2. Transformational Leadership Style
2.3. Sustainability Effects of Transformational Leadership
2.4. Hybrid Leadership
3. Method
3.1. The History of the Case Studies
3.1.1. Kibbutz A
3.1.2. Kibbutz B
3.1.3. Kibbutz T
3.2. The Ethnographic Interviews
3.3. The Interviewees
3.4. Document Analysis
3.5. Data Analysis
4. Results
4.1. Cooperative Leadership in Kibbutz Industries
4.2. Elements of the Hybrid Leadership Style
4.2.1. Commitment to Innovation
4.2.2. Transparent and Democratic Leadership Style
4.2.3. Hiring Kibbutz Members Rather than Outsiders
4.2.4. Egalitarian Attitude Toward All Workers
4.2.5. Going Global
4.2.6. Policy for the Long Term
4.2.7. Partnerships, Acquisitions and Exits
5. Discussion: Leadership Styles and Sustainability in Kibbutz Factories
6. Conclusions
6.1. Theoretical Applications
6.2. Practical Applications
6.3. Limitation of Research
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Leadership Style | Features | Kibbutz Industry |
---|---|---|
Hybrid | Communal, democratic, autocratic, transformational, sustainable | All of the researched industries |
Communal | Cooperative, egalitarian, policy for the long run, | Factories B and T |
Democratic | Transparent and open communication, egalitarian structure | Factories B and T |
Autocratic | Only appearance of transparent communication, hierarchical structure, tight supervision | Factory A |
Transformational | Innovation, good working relationship, family home culture | All the features for factories B and T. Innovation for factory A |
Sustainable | Merger and acquisition, going global, exist, innovation | All the factories |
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Moskovich, Y. Hybrid Leadership Style in Kibbutz Industries to Promote Sustainability. Sustainability 2025, 17, 9070. https://doi.org/10.3390/su17209070
Moskovich Y. Hybrid Leadership Style in Kibbutz Industries to Promote Sustainability. Sustainability. 2025; 17(20):9070. https://doi.org/10.3390/su17209070
Chicago/Turabian StyleMoskovich, Yaffa. 2025. "Hybrid Leadership Style in Kibbutz Industries to Promote Sustainability" Sustainability 17, no. 20: 9070. https://doi.org/10.3390/su17209070
APA StyleMoskovich, Y. (2025). Hybrid Leadership Style in Kibbutz Industries to Promote Sustainability. Sustainability, 17(20), 9070. https://doi.org/10.3390/su17209070