Correction: El Chami et al. A Life Cycle Assessment to Evaluate the Environmental Benefits of Applying the Circular Economy Model to the Fertiliser Sector. Sustainability 2023, 15, 15468

El Chami, Daniel; Santagata, Raffaella; Moretti, Stefania; Moreschi, Luca; Del Borghi, Adriana; Gallo, Michela

doi:10.3390/su17178067

Open AccessCorrection

Correction: El Chami et al. A Life Cycle Assessment to Evaluate the Environmental Benefits of Applying the Circular Economy Model to the Fertiliser Sector. Sustainability 2023, 15, 15468

by

Daniel El Chami

¹

,

Raffaella Santagata

¹,

Stefania Moretti

¹,

Luca Moreschi

²,

Adriana Del Borghi

^2,*

and

Michela Gallo

²

¹

TIMAC AGRO Italia S.p.A., S.P.13, Località Ca’ Nova, 26010 Ripalta Arpina, Italy

²

Department of Civil, Chemical and Environmental Engineering (DICCA), University of Genoa, Via Montallegro 1, 16145 Genoa, Italy

^*

Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.

Sustainability 2025, 17(17), 8067; https://doi.org/10.3390/su17178067

Submission received: 30 July 2025 / Accepted: 14 August 2025 / Published: 8 September 2025

(This article belongs to the Section Sustainable Agriculture)

Download Versions Notes

In the research of El Chami et al. (2023) [1], the original Table 9 in Section 3 should be replaced with the updated Table 9.

In the original paper in Table 9, the results of the LCIA are divided by impact categories and by formulation; the error is in the third impact category, EP. The current unit is

k g {S O}_{2} e q

:

Table 9. The results of the LCIA are divided by impact categories and by formulation.

Product		Impact Category
		GWP	AP	EP	ET	Land Use	WS	RU
		kg CO₂eq	kg SO₂eq	kg SO₂eq	CTUe	Pt	m³ eq	MJ
TIMATECH	Old formulation	1816.26	12.12	1.75	68,915.25	6196.77	1052.28	47,162.50
TIMATECH	New formulation	1649.28	11.52	1.69	68,287.47	6073.04	883.06	45,662.88
EUROCOD	Old formulation	2107.99	10.39	2.93	66,528.08	3086.22	326.45	30,341.27
EUROCOD	New formulation	2001.42	10.74	2.77	70,965.22	3741.31	361.94	33,859.51
PRIME	Old formulation	1922.71	18.18	2.11	79,286.04	10,887.72	654.26	76,184.50
PRIME	New formulation	1783.62	17.97	1.99	87,871.94	11,115.99	678.85	77,172.94
MAGNIFIQUE	Old formulation	1871.52	11.06	2.40	56,230.34	4481.99	355.22	37,976.37
MAGNIFIQUE	New formulation	1789.11	10.71	2.33	60,701.46	4379.02	364.45	36,961.32

The correct unit should be

k g {P O}_{4}^{3 -} e q

:

Table 9. The results of the LCIA are divided by impact categories and by formulation.

Product		Impact Category
		GWP	AP	EP	ET	Land Use	WS	RU
		kg CO₂eq	kg SO₂eq	$k g {P O}_{4}^{3 -} e q$	CTUe	Pt	m³ eq	MJ
TIMATECH	Old formulation	1816.26	12.12	1.75	68,915.25	6196.77	1052.28	47,162.50
TIMATECH	New formulation	1649.28	11.52	1.69	68,287.47	6073.04	883.06	45,662.88
EUROCOD	Old formulation	2107.99	10.39	2.93	66,528.08	3086.22	326.45	30,341.27
EUROCOD	New formulation	2001.42	10.74	2.77	70,965.22	3741.31	361.94	33,859.51
PRIME	Old formulation	1922.71	18.18	2.11	79,286.04	10,887.72	654.26	76,184.50
PRIME	New formulation	1783.62	17.97	1.99	87,871.94	11,115.99	678.85	77,172.94
MAGNIFIQUE	Old formulation	1871.52	11.06	2.40	56,230.34	4481.99	355.22	37,976.37
MAGNIFIQUE	New formulation	1789.11	10.71	2.33	60,701.46	4379.02	364.45	36,961.32

The authors state that the scientific conclusions are unaffected. This correction was approved by the Academic Editor. The original publication has also been updated.

Reference

El Chami, D.; Santagata, R.; Moretti, S.; Moreschi, L.; Del Borghi, A.; Gallo, M. A Life Cycle Assessment to Evaluate the Environmental Benefits of Applying the Circular Economy Model to the Fertiliser Sector. Sustainability 2023, 15, 15468. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]

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© 2025 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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El Chami, D.; Santagata, R.; Moretti, S.; Moreschi, L.; Del Borghi, A.; Gallo, M. Correction: El Chami et al. A Life Cycle Assessment to Evaluate the Environmental Benefits of Applying the Circular Economy Model to the Fertiliser Sector. Sustainability 2023, 15, 15468. Sustainability 2025, 17, 8067. https://doi.org/10.3390/su17178067

AMA Style

El Chami D, Santagata R, Moretti S, Moreschi L, Del Borghi A, Gallo M. Correction: El Chami et al. A Life Cycle Assessment to Evaluate the Environmental Benefits of Applying the Circular Economy Model to the Fertiliser Sector. Sustainability 2023, 15, 15468. Sustainability. 2025; 17(17):8067. https://doi.org/10.3390/su17178067

Chicago/Turabian Style

El Chami, Daniel, Raffaella Santagata, Stefania Moretti, Luca Moreschi, Adriana Del Borghi, and Michela Gallo. 2025. "Correction: El Chami et al. A Life Cycle Assessment to Evaluate the Environmental Benefits of Applying the Circular Economy Model to the Fertiliser Sector. Sustainability 2023, 15, 15468" Sustainability 17, no. 17: 8067. https://doi.org/10.3390/su17178067

APA Style

El Chami, D., Santagata, R., Moretti, S., Moreschi, L., Del Borghi, A., & Gallo, M. (2025). Correction: El Chami et al. A Life Cycle Assessment to Evaluate the Environmental Benefits of Applying the Circular Economy Model to the Fertiliser Sector. Sustainability 2023, 15, 15468. Sustainability, 17(17), 8067. https://doi.org/10.3390/su17178067

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Correction: El Chami et al. A Life Cycle Assessment to Evaluate the Environmental Benefits of Applying the Circular Economy Model to the Fertiliser Sector. Sustainability 2023, 15, 15468

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