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Article

Sustainable Bitumen Modification Using Bio-Based Adhesion Promoters

by
Volodymyr Gunka
1,*,
Olha Poliak
1,
Yurii Hrynchuk
2,
Vitalii Stadnik
2,
Yuriy Demchuk
1,3,
Khrystyna Besaha
4,
Andrii Galkin
5 and
Yan Pyrig
5
1
Department of Chemical Technology of Oil and Gas Processing, Lviv Polytechnic National University, 12 Bandera Street, 79013 Lviv, Ukraine
2
Department of Physical, Analytical and General Chemistry, Lviv Polytechnic National University, 12 Bandera Street, 79013 Lviv, Ukraine
3
Department of General, Bioinorganic, Physical and Colloidal Chemistry, Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, 69 Pekarska Street, 79010 Lviv, Ukraine
4
Department of Information Protection, Lviv Polytechnic National University, 12 Bandera Street, 79013 Lviv, Ukraine
5
Faculty of Road Construction, Kharkiv National Automobile and Highway University, 25 Yaroslava Mudroho Street, 61002 Kharkiv, Ukraine
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Sustainability 2025, 17(16), 7187; https://doi.org/10.3390/su17167187
Submission received: 4 July 2025 / Revised: 28 July 2025 / Accepted: 5 August 2025 / Published: 8 August 2025

Abstract

The growing emphasis on sustainable road construction has stimulated interest in environmentally friendly bitumen modifiers. This study presents the development of biodegradable adhesion promoters synthesized via the amidation of renewable raw materials (rapeseed oil and higher fatty acids) with polyethylene polyamine. The main objective was to improve bitumen–aggregate adhesion while maintaining the essential physico-mechanical and rheological properties of the bitumen. The synthesized bio-based adhesion promoters were incorporated into penetration-grade bitumen at a dosage of 0.4 wt.%. Physico-mechanical testing confirmed that their inclusion does not significantly affect the fundamental properties of the bitumen, while substantially enhancing adhesion to both glass and mineral aggregates. Rheological analysis showed that the rapeseed oil-based adhesion promoter had minimal influence on viscoelastic behavior. In contrast, the fatty acid-based promoter increased the rutting resistance parameter (|G*|/sinδ) and decreased the phase angle (δ), indicating improved resistance to permanent deformation. FTIR spectroscopy further revealed that the fatty acid-based adhesion promoter significantly reduced the formation of carbonyl groups during short-term aging, suggesting a retardation in oxidative aging and potential rejuvenating effects. In conclusion, the proposed bio-based adhesion promoters, derived from renewable sources and fully biodegradable, represent a promising solution for enhancing bitumen performance and supporting the durability and sustainability of asphalt pavements.
Keywords: bitumen; adhesion promoters; amide; rapeseed oil; fatty acids bitumen; adhesion promoters; amide; rapeseed oil; fatty acids

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MDPI and ACS Style

Gunka, V.; Poliak, O.; Hrynchuk, Y.; Stadnik, V.; Demchuk, Y.; Besaha, K.; Galkin, A.; Pyrig, Y. Sustainable Bitumen Modification Using Bio-Based Adhesion Promoters. Sustainability 2025, 17, 7187. https://doi.org/10.3390/su17167187

AMA Style

Gunka V, Poliak O, Hrynchuk Y, Stadnik V, Demchuk Y, Besaha K, Galkin A, Pyrig Y. Sustainable Bitumen Modification Using Bio-Based Adhesion Promoters. Sustainability. 2025; 17(16):7187. https://doi.org/10.3390/su17167187

Chicago/Turabian Style

Gunka, Volodymyr, Olha Poliak, Yurii Hrynchuk, Vitalii Stadnik, Yuriy Demchuk, Khrystyna Besaha, Andrii Galkin, and Yan Pyrig. 2025. "Sustainable Bitumen Modification Using Bio-Based Adhesion Promoters" Sustainability 17, no. 16: 7187. https://doi.org/10.3390/su17167187

APA Style

Gunka, V., Poliak, O., Hrynchuk, Y., Stadnik, V., Demchuk, Y., Besaha, K., Galkin, A., & Pyrig, Y. (2025). Sustainable Bitumen Modification Using Bio-Based Adhesion Promoters. Sustainability, 17(16), 7187. https://doi.org/10.3390/su17167187

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