The Environmental and Business Benefits of Implementing the ISO 50001 Energy Management System in Government Buildings: A Case Study of the Saudi Standards, Metrology and Quality Organization (SASO)
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Literature Review
2.1. Global Adoption and Impact of ISO 50001
2.2. Benefits of ISO 50001 Implementation
2.3. Using Digital Technology to Enhance ISO 50001 Implementation
2.4. Challenges and Barriers to ISO 50001 Adoption
2.5. Support for ISO 50001 Implementation
3. ISO 50001 Implementation at SASO: Strategy and Methodology
3.1. Assessing the Implementation Sites
3.2. Establishing the Energy Baseline (EnBI)
3.3. Identifying the Factors Affecting Energy Consumption (Strong Independent Variables)
3.3.1. Outdoor Conditions
3.3.2. Calculating the Impact of CDD on Cooling Systems and Refrigerants
3.4. Data Collection and Monitoring Procedure
3.5. Energy Management System (EnMS) Team Responsibilities
3.6. Operational Planning and Control
4. Results
4.1. Energy Review Analysis
4.1.1. Savings and Energy Performance Indicators
4.1.2. Developing the Energy Performance Dashboard
- Economic Indicators: energy cost index (ECI—S.R/m2/y), electricity cost (S. R/kWh/y), and fuel cost index (S. R/liter/y).
- Energy performance indicators: barrel equivalent oil consumption index (Boe/kWh/y), CO2 emissions index (ton/y), carbon footprint (ton/y), energy use index (EUI—kWh/m2/y), and electricity consumption per person index (kWh/P/y).
- Indicative performance indicators: reactive power, peak demand, power factor, and load factor.
4.2. Cost–Benefit Analysis
5. Discussion and Future Directions
5.1. Benefits of ISO 50001 Implementation at SASO
5.2. Use of Digital Technology to Enhance Implementation
5.3. Challenges and Barriers to ISO 50001 Adoption at SASO
5.4. Future Developments for SASO
5.5. Future Directions for ISO 50001 Research
5.6. Future Stratigic Plan
- 2023—Developed Plan: The initiative began with the development of a comprehensive energy management and CO2 reduction plan, setting clear objectives and performance indicators.
- 2024—Measurements and Verification (M&V): Implementation of M&V systems to track progress, verify performance, and establish baselines critical for evaluating future outcomes.
- 2025—Obtaining ISO 14064 (GHG): Certification with ISO 14064 to standardize greenhouse gas (GHG) accounting and verification, ensuring transparency and credibility in emissions reporting.
- 2028—Initiative to Improve and Raise Energy Performance: Launch of targeted initiatives to enhance energy efficiency through innovation, technology integration, and stakeholder engagement.
- 2030—~60% Reduction of CO2: The culmination of the strategy, aiming to achieve a substantial reduction in CO2 emissions (~60%) compared to baseline levels, supporting national and global climate goals.
6. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Site/Location | Total Internal Area | End User |
---|---|---|
Site 1/Riyadh | 88,205 m2 | 1127 |
Site 2/Jeddah | 5000 m2 | 129 |
Site 3/Dammam | 5000 m2 | 96 |
No. | Responsibility/Task | Fulfilled by |
---|---|---|
1. | Creating awareness of energy policy and objectives among employees. | Top Management/EnMS Team Leader |
2. | Reviewing and monitoring energy performance, calculating monthly consumption and savings, preparing the strategic plan for energy use, calculating the baseline, calculating the financial costs of energy consumption, and preparing the annual report. | EnMS Team Leader/Team Director |
3. | Following up and ensuring that all electrical purchases are efficient. | Team Member—Purchasing Department |
4. | Monitoring and recording the consumption of electricity inside the buildings on a daily basis and providing the necessary maintenance for any breakdowns inside the building. | Team Member—Facility Department |
5. | Raising internal awareness of the EnMS via email to all employees. | Team Member—Internal Communications Department |
6. | Providing the necessary training for team members and employees within the scope of the EnMS. | Team Member—Training Department |
7. | Raising external awareness of the EnMS through SASO accounts on social media to all SASO partners. | Team Member—Communication and Marketing Department |
Measure | Description |
---|---|
Energy Efficiency Measurement | Measured energy inefficiencies in the main SASO building, the laboratory building in Riyadh’s industrial city, and the Dammam branch. |
Performance Indicators Monitoring | Established twenty energy performance indicators, with daily measurements and monthly monitoring. |
Interactive Dashboard Design | Designed an interactive dashboard linked to all SASO sites, enabling monthly performance indicator tracking for each branch. |
Operational Adjustments for HVAC Systems | Modified procedures for operating cooling system and lighting in the main SASO buildings in Riyadh, and the branches in Jeddah and Dammam, gradually turning off the air conditioning at 4 PM with complete shutdown by 5 PM. |
HVAC System Upgrade | Replaced old chiller at the Jeddah branch with higher efficiency chiller systems. |
Temperature Settings | Set room air temperatures to 24 °C in all SASO buildings to activate energy-saving modes. |
Lighting Sensors Installation | Installed lighting sensors in conference rooms to automatically disable lights when not in use. |
Weekend Attendance Reduction | Minimized attendance at SASO buildings by implementing the electronic permit (Marhaba) to regulate the system for attendance and the working hours of employees inside the building. |
Employee Training | Provided annual advanced training courses for maintenance employees focused on energy consumption rationalization and maintenance practices. |
Employee Awareness Campaigns | Improved employee awareness on energy saving through internal workshops and communications via SASO email. |
Annual Employee Surveys | Conducted surveys at the end of each year to assess employee awareness and gather feedback for continuous improvement. |
Procurement Evaluation | Developed a special form for evaluating the impact of new electrical devices and systems on energy consumption before their procurement. |
Fuel Management for Vehicles | Installed RFID chips on all 65 SASO vehicles to monitor fuel refueling, established weekly fuel limits, and required email approval after justification for refueling. |
Vehicle Usage Monitoring | Monitored SASO vehicles using a tracking program to ensure they were not used outside official working hours. |
Vehicle Efficiency | Disposed of high-consumption and inefficient vehicles through rental or purchase options, ensuring replacements had high fuel efficiency ratings. |
Energy Simulation Model | Developed an energy simulation model using TRNSYS 18 software, comparing simulation results with actual measurements to predict future energy consumption and savings. |
ISO 50001 Certification | Achieved ISO 50001 certification for EnMSs across all 14 SASO buildings in Riyadh, Jeddah, and Dammam. |
Consumption Reduction [%] | Cost Saving [USD/kWh] | Saving [kWh/Y] | Electricity Tariff [USD/kWh] | Electricity Consumption [kWh/Y] | Year |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
- | - | - | 2,431,852.20 | 27,020,580.00 | 2019 (Baseline) |
38% | 921,804.00 | 10,242,266.68 | 1,510,048.20 | 16,778,313.32 | 2020 |
32% | 788,195.79 | 8,757,731.00 | 1,643,656.41 | 18,262,849.00 | 2021 |
41% | 999,232.20 | 11,102,580.00 | 1,432,620.00 | 15,918,000.00 | 2022 |
39% | 946,319.04 | 10,514,656.00 | 1,485,533.16 | 16,505,924.00 | 2023 |
Year | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 |
---|---|---|---|
Emissions [tCO2e] | 9873 | 10,563 | 9226 |
Reduction [tCO2e] | 5475 | 4784 | 6121 |
Savings [%] | 36% | 31% | 40% |
Site | Elec. Bill | Meter Reading | Error | RE% |
---|---|---|---|---|
Riyadh | 1,074,468 | 1,096,272 | 21,804 | 2% |
Dammam | 63,900 | 63,000 | 900 | 1% |
Jeddah | 55,200 | 54,600 | 600 | 1% |
Name | Type | Country | Payback (Year) |
---|---|---|---|
SASO | Government | KSA | 0.0033 |
Abu Dhabi Distribution Company | Government | UAE | 0.0225 |
Grupo Libertad | Retail | Argentina | 0.1997 |
LG Electronics Gasan R&D Campus | Electrical research | Korea | 4.5889 |
Tyndall National Institute | Research & Educational Institute | Ireland | 0.6181 |
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Alotaibi, S.; Alogaili, H.; Alawwad, K.; Aljarallah, S. The Environmental and Business Benefits of Implementing the ISO 50001 Energy Management System in Government Buildings: A Case Study of the Saudi Standards, Metrology and Quality Organization (SASO). Sustainability 2025, 17, 5131. https://doi.org/10.3390/su17115131
Alotaibi S, Alogaili H, Alawwad K, Aljarallah S. The Environmental and Business Benefits of Implementing the ISO 50001 Energy Management System in Government Buildings: A Case Study of the Saudi Standards, Metrology and Quality Organization (SASO). Sustainability. 2025; 17(11):5131. https://doi.org/10.3390/su17115131
Chicago/Turabian StyleAlotaibi, Saleh, Hani Alogaili, Khaled Alawwad, and Sulaiman Aljarallah. 2025. "The Environmental and Business Benefits of Implementing the ISO 50001 Energy Management System in Government Buildings: A Case Study of the Saudi Standards, Metrology and Quality Organization (SASO)" Sustainability 17, no. 11: 5131. https://doi.org/10.3390/su17115131
APA StyleAlotaibi, S., Alogaili, H., Alawwad, K., & Aljarallah, S. (2025). The Environmental and Business Benefits of Implementing the ISO 50001 Energy Management System in Government Buildings: A Case Study of the Saudi Standards, Metrology and Quality Organization (SASO). Sustainability, 17(11), 5131. https://doi.org/10.3390/su17115131