Criteria for and Policy Implications of Setting Recovery Priorities of National Functions during Disruptions by Disasters
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
3. Survey Implementation and Statistical Analysis
3.1. Classification of Functions Using the Business Reference Model
3.2. Survey Structure and Maximum Acceptable Outage
3.3. Analysis of the Survey Result Consistency through Cronbach’s Alpha
3.4. Analysis of the Association between Regional Differences and National Function Criticality Using Cramer’s V
4. Establishment of Criteria for Priority of Recovering National Functions
4.1. Results
4.2. Potential Implications of National Function Priorities in Emergency Situations
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Survey No. | National Functions | Details | Class | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Q1 | Disaster Safety | Recovery | Operation of disaster recovery funds, support for recovery activities, etc. | Primary Function |
Q2 | Response | Disaster firefighting, rescue, medical treatment activities, etc. | Primary Function | |
Q3 | Preparation | Regular safety policy, disaster safety education, disaster situation management, etc. | Primary Function | |
Q4 | Prevention | Development of disaster safety technology, preventive management, etc. | Primary Function | |
Q5 | Public Order and Safety | Police, legal affairs, prosecution, and societal public order and safety maintenance | Policy Sector | |
Q6 | Science and Technology | Creation of a scientific and technological research environment and technological development | Policy Sector | |
Q7 | Education | Compulsory education for infants/elementary/middle school, higher education, lifelong/vocational education, etc. | Policy Sector | |
Q8 | National Defence | Military conscription, mobilisation, military administration, etc. | Policy Sector | |
Q9 | Agriculture, Forestry, Marine, and Fisheries | Agriculture, livestock, food farmland repair, rural development, and distribution of agricultural and marine products | Policy Sector | |
Q10 | Culture, Sports, and Tourism | Promotion of culture, sports, and tourism, and preservation of cultural heritage | Policy Sector | |
Q11 | Health Services | Health, sanitation, disease prevention, food and drug safety management, and operation of emergency medical systems | Policy Sector | |
Q12 | Social Welfare | Social security, social services, and promotion of social welfare | Policy Sector | |
Q13 | Industry and SMEs | Industrial technology support, trade and investment attraction for industrial promotion, energy and resource development | Policy Sector | |
Q14 | Transportation and Logistics | Management of transportation logistics systems (roads, railways, aviation, ports, maritime, logistics) | Policy Sector | |
Q15 | Public Administration | General administration, finance, taxation, and financial management | Policy Sector | |
Q16 | Regional Development | Development of industrial zones and regional development | Policy Sector | |
Q17 | Telecommunications | Information communication, broadcasting, and post-office management | Policy Sector | |
Q18 | Unification and Diplomacy | Diplomacy, trade negotiations, treaties, other international agreements, international situation investigation, immigration, and unification management | Policy Sector | |
Q19 | Environmental Protection | Air, water quality, waste, natural environment, and environmental pollution management | Policy Sector |
Survey No. | Republic of Korea | USA | Japan | EU | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Q1 | Disaster Safety | Recovery | Prepare for and Manage Emergencies | Disaster Management | Disaster Management |
Q2 | Response | ||||
Q3 | Preparation | ||||
Q4 | Prevention | ||||
Q5 | Public Order and Safety | Provide Public Safety | Public Safety and Social Order | Law and Justice | |
Q6 | Science and Technology | Manufacture Equipment | Development and Science | Energy and Technology | |
Q7 | Education | Educate and Train | Education and Training | Education and Workforce | |
Q8 | National Defence | Provide Materiel and Operational Support to Defence | Defence | Defence and Security | |
Q9 | Agriculture, Forestry, Marine, and Fisheries | Produce and Provide Agricultural Products and Services | Agriculture, Forestry, and Fisheries | Agricultural Affairs | |
Q10 | Culture, Sports, and Tourism | Provide and Maintain Infrastructure | Promotion and Public Relations | - | |
Q11 | Health Services | Provide Medical Care | Public Health | Health and Well-Being | |
Q12 | Social Welfare | Provide Insurance Services | Social Activity Support | Employment, Social Affairs, and Inclusion | |
Q13 | Industry and SMEs | Produce Chemicals | Industrial Support | Internal Market, Industry, Entrepreneurship, and SMEs | |
Q14 | Transportation and Logistics | Transport Cargo and Passengers | Transportation | Transport and Space | |
Q15 | Public Administration | Develop and Maintain Public Works and Services | Public Asset Management | General Government | |
Q16 | Regional Development | Provide Housing | - | Economic and Financial | |
Q17 | Telecommunications | Maintain Supply Chains | Energy/Resource Management | Communications | |
Q18 | Unification and Diplomacy | Enforce Law | Diplomacy | Diplomacy and Trade | |
Q19 | Environmental Protection | Manage Hazardous Materials | Environmental Management | Environment and Natural Resources |
Importance | Maximum Acceptable Outage | |
---|---|---|
Stage 1 | Minor | Recovery required within one month |
Stage 2 | Little | Recovery required within two weeks |
Stage 3 | Medium | Recovery required within three days |
Stage 4 | Great | Recovery required within one day |
Stage 5 | Enormous | Recovery required within three hours |
Survey No. | National Functions | Average (N = 1506) | Standard Deviation (N = 1506) | Cronbach’s Alpha (Q = 19 Items) | Cronbach’s Alpha upon Removal of the Question (Q) | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Q1 | Disaster Safety | Recovery | 3.61 | 1.112 | 0.860 | 0.853 (≤0.860) |
Q2 | Response | 4.57 | 0.754 | 0.860 (≤0.860) | ||
Q3 | Preparation | 4.08 | 1.013 | 0.856 (≤0.860) | ||
Q4 | Prevention | 3.65 | 1.083 | 0.852 (≤0.860) | ||
Q5 | Public Order and Safety | 4.21 | 0.898 | 0.857 (≤0.860) | ||
Q6 | Science and Technology | 2.61 | 1.083 | 0.851 (≤0.860) | ||
Q7 | Education | 2.70 | 1.066 | 0.854 (≤0.860) | ||
Q8 | National Defence | 4.00 | 0.998 | 0.856 (≤0.860) | ||
Q9 | Agriculture, Forestry, Marine, and Fisheries | 3.01 | 0.996 | 0.851 (≤0.860) | ||
Q10 | Culture, Sports, and Tourism | 2.40 | 1.085 | 0.855 (≤0.860) | ||
Q11 | Health Services | 4.25 | 0.843 | 0.855 (≤0.860) | ||
Q12 | Social Welfare | 2.81 | 1.029 | 0.850 (≤0.860) | ||
Q13 | Industry and SMEs | 2.72 | 1.078 | 0.850 (≤0.860) | ||
Q14 | Transportation and Logistics | 4.09 | 0.900 | 0.854 (≤0.860) | ||
Q15 | Public Administration | 3.19 | 1.077 | 0.850 (≤0.860) | ||
Q16 | Regional Development | 2.32 | 1.092 | 0.854 (≤0.860) | ||
Q17 | Telecommunications | 4.08 | 0.929 | 0.857 (≤0.860) | ||
Q18 | Unification and Diplomacy | 3.21 | 1.081 | 0.851 (≤0.860) | ||
Q19 | Environmental Protection | 3.45 | 1.054 | 0.852 (≤0.860) |
Independent Variable | Survey No. | National Functions | Cramer’s V | p-Value | Accepted Hypothesis | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Residential Area | Q1 | Disaster Safety | Recovery | 0.107 | 0.319 | H0 |
Q2 | Response | 0.097 | 0.744 | H0 | ||
Q3 | Preparation | 0.098 | 0.700 | H0 | ||
Q4 | Prevention | 0.107 | 0.327 | H0 | ||
Q5 | Public Order and Safety | 0.104 | 0.446 | H0 | ||
Q6 | Science and Technology | 0.117 | 0.057 | H0 | ||
Q7 | Education | 0.126 | 0.007 | H0 | ||
Q8 | National Defence | 0.090 | 0.925 | H0 | ||
Q9 | Agriculture, Forestry, Marine, and Fisheries | 0.099 | 0.641 | H0 | ||
Q10 | Culture, Sports, and Tourism | 0.107 | 0.320 | H0 | ||
Q11 | Health Services | 0.105 | 0.410 | H0 | ||
Q12 | Social Welfare | 0.121 | 0.027 | H0 | ||
Q13 | Industry and SMEs | 0.102 | 0.541 | H0 | ||
Q14 | Transportation and Logistics | 0.127 | 0.005 | H0 | ||
Q15 | Public Administration | 0.107 | 0.331 | H0 | ||
Q16 | Regional Development | 0.100 | 0.594 | H0 | ||
Q17 | Telecommunications | 0.111 | 0.166 | H0 | ||
Q18 | Unification and Diplomacy | 0.114 | 0.113 | H0 | ||
Q19 | Environmental Protection | 0.096 | 0.774 | H0 |
Survey No. | National Function | Criticality Scoring (Out of 5 Points) | Consistency | Regional Cramer’s V | Regional p-Value | Criticality Rank | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Q1 | Disaster Safety | Recovery | 3.6 | 0.860 | 0.107 | 0.319 | 9 |
Q2 | Response | 4.6 | 0.097 | 0.744 | 1 | ||
Q3 | Preparation | 4.1 | 0.098 | 0.700 | 6 | ||
Q4 | Prevention | 3.6 | 0.107 | 0.327 | 8 | ||
Q5 | Public Order and Safety | 4.2 | 0.104 | 0.446 | 3 | ||
Q6 | Science and Technology | 2.6 | 0.117 | 0.057 | 17 | ||
Q7 | Education | 2.7 | 0.126 | 0.007 | 16 | ||
Q8 | National Defence | 4.0 | 0.090 | 0.925 | 7 | ||
Q9 | Agriculture, Forestry, Marine, and Fisheries | 3.0 | 0.099 | 0.641 | 13 | ||
Q10 | Culture, Sports, and Tourism | 2.4 | 0.107 | 0.320 | 18 | ||
Q11 | Health Services | 4.3 | 0.105 | 0.410 | 2 | ||
Q12 | Social Welfare | 2.8 | 0.121 | 0.027 | 14 | ||
Q13 | Industry and SMEs | 2.7 | 0.102 | 0.541 | 15 | ||
Q14 | Transportation and Logistics | 4.1 | 0.127 | 0.005 | 4 | ||
Q15 | Public Administration | 3.2 | 0.107 | 0.331 | 12 | ||
Q16 | Regional Development | 2.3 | 0.100 | 0.594 | 19 | ||
Q17 | Telecommunications | 4.1 | 0.111 | 0.166 | 5 | ||
Q18 | Unification and Diplomacy | 3.2 | 0.114 | 0.113 | 11 | ||
Q19 | Environmental Protection | 3.5 | 0.096 | 0.774 | 10 | ||
Average | 3.4 | 0.860 | 0.107 | 0.392 | - |
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Hong, S.B.; Lee, J.B.; Shin, J.H.; Yun, H.S. Criteria for and Policy Implications of Setting Recovery Priorities of National Functions during Disruptions by Disasters. Sustainability 2023, 15, 16615. https://doi.org/10.3390/su152416615
Hong SB, Lee JB, Shin JH, Yun HS. Criteria for and Policy Implications of Setting Recovery Priorities of National Functions during Disruptions by Disasters. Sustainability. 2023; 15(24):16615. https://doi.org/10.3390/su152416615
Chicago/Turabian StyleHong, Seok Bum, Jin Byeong Lee, Jeong Hoon Shin, and Hong Sik Yun. 2023. "Criteria for and Policy Implications of Setting Recovery Priorities of National Functions during Disruptions by Disasters" Sustainability 15, no. 24: 16615. https://doi.org/10.3390/su152416615
APA StyleHong, S. B., Lee, J. B., Shin, J. H., & Yun, H. S. (2023). Criteria for and Policy Implications of Setting Recovery Priorities of National Functions during Disruptions by Disasters. Sustainability, 15(24), 16615. https://doi.org/10.3390/su152416615