Decarbonization Strategies in the UAE Built Environment: An Evidence-Based Analysis Using COP26 and COP27 Recommendations
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Literature Review
2.1. The Climate Agreement
2.2. COP26 to COP27: What Have We Achieved?
2.3. The Built Environment and Climate Change
2.4. UAE’s Climate Adaptation in the Built Environment Sector
- Energy-efficient buildings—the plans emphasize the importance of promoting energy-efficient buildings through improved design, construction techniques, and the use of advanced technologies. The goal is to reduce energy consumption in buildings and minimize GHG emissions.
- Green building standards: The plans encourage the adoption of green building standards and certifications, such as Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) and Estidama’s Pearl Rating System. The standards promote sustainable building practices, including energy and water efficiency, use of renewable energy, and sustainable materials.
- Renewable energy integration: The plans promote the integration of renewable energy sources, such as solar and wind power, into the built environment. This includes installing solar panels on buildings, implementing net-zero energy building designs, and encouraging the use of renewable energy in construction projects.
- Research and development: The plans emphasize the need for research and development in the built environment sector to foster innovation and develop sustainable building technologies and materials. This includes supporting research institutions, collaborating with industry stakeholders, and promoting knowledge exchange.
3. Methodology
3.1. Application of Decarbonization Strategy to the SEE Institute Building Case Study
3.2. The SEE Institute Building Description
4. Results and Discussion
4.1. Energy
4.1.1. Passive Design Strategies Implemented at the SEE Institute Building
Façade and Thermal Insulation
4.1.2. Active Design Strategies Implemented at the SEE Institute Building
Intelligent LED Lighting System
The Building Management System (BMS)
Solar Energy
Smart Cladding
4.2. Water
4.3. Waste Management
5. Lessons Learned Using the SEE Institute Building Case Study
- Regarding resource conservation and efficiency, engineers should consider technical solutions, such as new process designs, energy- and water-efficient equipment, and more advanced control systems. Nevertheless, putting the sole responsibility on the physical aspects of the building is not idle—these aspects rather enable the building to be net-zero energy or net-zero carbon, depending on the goal.
- The single biggest contributing factor to resource conservation potential is the people who work in and use the building. Human behavior has emerged as a significant driver of the challenges our world faces today. As highlighted in various analyses and by researchers, it is imperative to initiate a shift in the human mindset and behavior to effectively mitigate emissions. In this regard, the development of suitable training manuals and guidelines becomes crucial to offer clear directives to the team on day-to-day operations, empowering them to make informed decisions that contribute to reducing their carbon footprint.
- Integrating energy, water, and waste efficiency into the corporate culture can unlock and multiply positive practices and behavioral changes. The operational team is in the process of introducing policies that may include but are not limited to a single-use plastic ban, a limit on food deliveries and take-outs, and a printing limit.
- It is necessary to underpin the important role of data collection and analysis to evaluate the building’s operation to develop and deploy strategies meant to enhance its performance. The operational team intends to implement site energy audits and other programs that will help in highlighting and enacting efficiency opportunities.
- As per the case study analysis, it was found that assessment tools such as LCA proved to be beneficial at the very early stages of construction since they clearly provided support while selecting materials that had lower embodied carbon as well as higher efficiency. Other than that, selecting suppliers who provide an Environmental Product Declaration (EPD) will support the process even more positively.
- Another vital lesson was that, to achieve decarbonization, the construction industry must utilize smart technologies and designs which make the construction and operation of buildings much more efficient.
- Last but surely not least, an important lesson learned was that all the stakeholders should reflect upon the country-specific climate change agenda and align themselves and their projects for higher visibility and support from the government to achieve net-zero emissions as early as possible.
6. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Main Areas | Recommendations—COP26 | Recommendations—COP27 |
---|---|---|
Net-Zero Buildings | Governments and stakeholders were urged to commit to achieving net-zero carbon emissions in the construction and operation of buildings. This involved adopting energy-efficient building designs, integrating renewable energy sources, and implementing sustainable construction practices using both active and passive designs. | The event highlighted the importance of moving towards a net-zero, resilient, and circular built environment to achieve climate targets and protect the communities vulnerable to the effects of climate change. To achieve this, multi-level action and public–private partnerships in cities to unlock the urgent challenge of transformation and adaptation that are needed at pace and at scale were initiated. |
The adoption and implementation of green building standards and codes were recommended to ensure that new buildings meet high energy efficiency and sustainability criteria. This includes promoting energy-efficient materials, efficient heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems, and sustainable water management practices. | Under the Breakthrough Agenda first launched at COP26, countries representing more than 70% of global GDP, with the support of multi-stakeholder partners, produced a package of 25 new collaborative actions to be delivered by COP28 to speed up decarbonization under five key breakthroughs: power, road transport, steel, hydrogen, and agriculture, with the building and cement sectors to be added to the Breakthrough Agenda next year. | |
Governments and urban planners were advised to prioritize compact and sustainable urban development, promoting mixed land-use patterns, access to green spaces, and efficient public transportation systems. This helps reduce energy consumption, enhance resilience to climate impacts, and create livable and sustainable cities. | The event highlighted the importance of robust risk assessments and evidence-based climate risk assessments for integrating resilience-building actions into urban planning. It emphasized the need for clear resilience priorities, collaboration with non-Party stakeholders, and the incorporation of nature-based solutions. Success stories on climate-proofing existing plans and private sector engagement were shared, along with the need for innovative funding mechanisms to support adaptation and resilience-building activities. | |
Renewable Energy | Promoting the use of sustainable and low-carbon materials in construction, considering their lifecycle environmental impacts. Integrating green infrastructure elements, such as green roofs, vertical gardens, and rain water harvesting systems, into building designs to enhance biodiversity, improve air quality, and manage stromwater. | Launched by LeadIt and the Global Cement and Concrete Association (GGCA), the Green Cement Technology Tracker was published in order to ensure more transparency and accountability. The aim is to transparently track public announcements of low-carbon investments in the cement industry. |
Encouraging the construction of net-zero energy buildings that produce as much renewable energy as they consume, thereby reducing carbon emissions. Further, the members were encouraged to promote energy-efficient building designs and technologies to minimize energy consumption and reduce greenhouse gas emissions. | The Planning for Climate Commission was launched, a new global initiative focused on speeding up planning and approvals for the massive deployment of renewables and green hydrogen needed to address climate change and energy security. Organizations representing wind, solar, hydropower, green hydrogen, long-duration energy storage, and geothermal energy industries joined forces in an unprecedented alliance to launch the Global Renewables Alliance. It brings together, for the first time, all the technologies required for the energy transition in order to ensure an accelerated energy transition. | |
Circular Economy Principles | The adoption of circular economy principles in the built environment was emphasized, which involves reducing waste, reusing materials, and promoting recycling and sustainable construction practices. | There was a focus on addressing the circular economy for waste issues inclusively as well as on scaling up finance. Landfills and waste burning are not sustainable practices. Instead, there is a growing demand for a new green economy that is net-positive, focusing on rethinking decisions at all levels to transform waste into income and contribute to climate action, health, and the attainment of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). |
Option | * GWP, kgCO₂e/m² | * GWP Difference | U-Value, W/m²·K | Acoustic Insulation | Weight, kg/m² |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Thermal insulated block | 54.1 | 0% | 0.27 | n/a | 410.0 |
External Insulated Finishing System (EIFS) | 49.2 | −9.1% | 0.33 | n/a | 500.0 |
Precast insulated panel | 62.6 | +15.7% | 0.22 | n/a | 600.0 |
SG Lightweight Façade | 53.4 | −1.3% | 0.22 | STC 69 dB | 77.7 |
Thermal AAC | 64.5 | +19.2% | 0.57 | n/a | 180.0 |
Easy Wall Panel | 47.16 | −12.8% | 0.50 | n/a | 156.0 |
For Silver Al Sa’fat | For Golden and Platinum Al Sa’fat | The SEE Institute Design | |
---|---|---|---|
External Wall U-value (W/m2K) | 0.57 | 0.3 | 0.22 |
Glazing U-value (W/m2K) | 1.9 | 1.9 | 1.5 |
Glazing Light Transmittance | 0.1 (min) | 0.1 (min) | 0.75 |
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Locke, J.; Dsilva, J.; Zarmukhambetova, S. Decarbonization Strategies in the UAE Built Environment: An Evidence-Based Analysis Using COP26 and COP27 Recommendations. Sustainability 2023, 15, 11603. https://doi.org/10.3390/su151511603
Locke J, Dsilva J, Zarmukhambetova S. Decarbonization Strategies in the UAE Built Environment: An Evidence-Based Analysis Using COP26 and COP27 Recommendations. Sustainability. 2023; 15(15):11603. https://doi.org/10.3390/su151511603
Chicago/Turabian StyleLocke, Jasmina, Jacinta Dsilva, and Saniya Zarmukhambetova. 2023. "Decarbonization Strategies in the UAE Built Environment: An Evidence-Based Analysis Using COP26 and COP27 Recommendations" Sustainability 15, no. 15: 11603. https://doi.org/10.3390/su151511603
APA StyleLocke, J., Dsilva, J., & Zarmukhambetova, S. (2023). Decarbonization Strategies in the UAE Built Environment: An Evidence-Based Analysis Using COP26 and COP27 Recommendations. Sustainability, 15(15), 11603. https://doi.org/10.3390/su151511603