Research on the Influence of Wheelsets on the Visual Imagery of City Bicycles
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Research Framework
2.2. Factor Analysis
2.3. Fuzzy Logic
2.4. Total Utility Value in Triangular Fuzzy Numbers
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. The Result of Factor Analysis
3.2. Renaming Results of Factor Analysis
3.3. Evaluation of the Visual Imagery of Wheelsets
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Linguistic Variables | Triangular Fuzzy Numbers |
---|---|
Very low (VL) | (0, 0, 1) |
Low (L) | (0, 1, 3) |
Medium low (ML) | (1, 3, 5) |
Medium (M) | (3, 5, 7) |
Medium high (MH) | (5, 7, 9) |
High (H) | (7, 9, 10) |
Very high (VH) | (9, 10, 10) |
Adjectives | Initial | Extraction | Adjectives | Initial | Extraction |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Trimmed | 1.000 | 0.769 | Presentable | 1.000 | 0.800 |
Regular | 1.000 | 0.728 | Rhythmic | 1.000 | 0.834 |
Stable | 1.000 | 0.723 | Metrical | 1.000 | 0.821 |
Interesting | 1.000 | 0.785 | Novel | 1.000 | 0.747 |
Mechanical | 1.000 | 0.729 | Balanced | 1.000 | 0.799 |
Ordered | 1.000 | 0.849 | Holistic | 1.000 | 0.605 |
Individualized | 1.000 | 0.774 | Secure | 1.000 | 0.771 |
Superior | 1.000 | 0.740 | Symmetrical | 1.000 | 0.689 |
Component | Initial Eigenvalues | Square Loading Extraction | Transformed Square Loading | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Total | Variance (%) | Accumulative (%) | Total | Variance (%) | Accumulative (%) | Total | Variance (%) | Accumulative (%) | |
1 | 4.831 | 30.195 | 30.195 | 4.831 | 30.195 | 30.195 | 2.264 | 14.152 | 14.152 |
2 | 2.062 | 12.886 | 43.081 | 2.062 | 12.886 | 43.081 | 2.198 | 13.735 | 27.887 |
3 | 1.509 | 9.431 | 52.512 | 1.509 | 9.431 | 52.512 | 2.175 | 13.593 | 41.480 |
4 | 1.329 | 8.304 | 60.816 | 1.329 | 8.304 | 60.816 | 1.985 | 12.406 | 53.886 |
5 | 1.307 | 8.166 | 68.981 | 1.307 | 8.166 | 68.981 | 1.984 | 12.398 | 66.284 |
6 | 1.124 | 7.026 | 76.008 | 1.124 | 7.026 | 76.008 | 1.556 | 9.724 | 76.008 |
Adjectives | Component | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Factor 1 | Factor 2 | Factor 3 | Factor 4 | Factor 5 | Factor 6 | |
Presentable | 0.794 | −0.022 | 0.088 | 0.013 | 0.388 | 0.100 |
Secure | 0.789 | 0.290 | 0.171 | −0.114 | −0.011 | 0.151 |
Superior | 0.675 | 0.194 | 0.345 | 0.317 | 0.005 | −0.163 |
Balanced | −0.034 | 0.778 | 0.230 | 0.137 | 0.314 | 0.148 |
Symmetrical | 0.131 | 0.769 | −0.002 | 0.118 | 0.244 | 0.080 |
Holistic | 0.231 | 0.726 | 0.075 | 0.095 | −0.089 | 0.040 |
Interesting | 0.076 | 0.069 | 0.818 | 0.184 | 0.240 | −0.114 |
Individualized | 0.133 | 0.030 | 0.789 | −0.099 | 0.073 | 0.344 |
Novel | 0.406 | 0.233 | 0.713 | 0.016 | −0.068 | 0.117 |
Trimmed | −0.023 | 0.356 | 0.131 | 0.790 | −0.013 | −0.003 |
Regular | −0.135 | 0.065 | −0.110 | 0.753 | 0.269 | 0.233 |
Stable | 0.446 | −0.022 | 0.110 | 0.700 | 0.047 | 0.136 |
Metrical | −0.002 | 0.123 | 0.139 | 0.227 | 0.855 | 0.060 |
Rhythmic | 0.253 | 0.196 | 0.068 | −0.011 | 0.852 | 0.031 |
Ordered | 0.035 | 0.324 | −0.054 | 0.098 | 0.236 | 0.822 |
Mechanical | 0.110 | −0.036 | 0.304 | 0.206 | −0.106 | 0.755 |
Factor | Adjective Groups | Factor Naming | Code |
---|---|---|---|
Factor 1 | Presentable; secure; superior | Superior and Presentable | S&P |
Factor 2 | Balanced; symmetrical; holistic | Holistic and Balanced | H&B |
Factor 3 | Interesting; individualized; novel | Novel and Individualized | N&I |
Factor 4 | Trimmed; regular; stable | Trimmed and Stable | T&S |
Factor 5 | Metrical; rhythmic | Rhythmic and Metrical | R&M |
Factor 6 | Ordered; mechanical | Mechanical and Ordered | M&O |
Wheel Species | Superior and Presentable | Holistic and Balanced | Novel and Individualized | Trimmed and Stable | Rhythmic and Metrical | Mechanical and Ordered |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
S1 | (4.0 5.9 7.6) | (3.9 5.9 7.7) | (3.9 5.8 7.5) | (3.4 5.3 7.1) | (4.5 6.4 8.1) | (4.4 6.3 8.0) |
S2 | (4.9 6.8 8.4) | (4.9 6.8 8.4) | (4.9 6.8 8.4) | (4.9 6.8 8.4) | (4.8 6.7 8.3) | (4.7 6.6 8.3) |
S3 | (3.8 5.6 7.3) | (4.5 6.4 8.1) | (4.3 6.1 7.9) | (2.9 4.6 6.4) | (4.0 5.9 7.6) | (4.2 6.1 7.9) |
S4 | (4.4 6.4 8.2) | (4.9 6.8 8.5) | (4.6 6.6 8.3) | (3.8 5.7 7.5) | (4.5 6.4 8.2) | (4.2 6.2 8.0) |
S5 | (4.2 6.1 7.8) | (4.5 6.4 8.0) | (4.2 6.1 7.8) | (4.1 6.0 7.8) | (4.7 6.6 8.2) | (4.4 6.3 8.1) |
S6 | (4.5 6.4 8.1) | (4.7 6.6 8.3) | (4.3 6.3 8.0) | (4.8 6.7 8.3) | (4.6 6.5 8.2) | (4.2 6.1 7.9) |
S7 | (3.1 4.8 6.6) | (3.2 5.0 6.8) | (4.0 5.9 7.5) | (4.2 6.1 7.8) | (3.4 5.3 7.1) | (3.4 5.2 7.0) |
S8 | (3.1 4.9 6.6) | (3.5 5.2 6.9) | (3.9 5.7 7.4) | (4.1 5.9 7.5) | (3.4 5.3 7.0) | (3.7 5.5 7.2) |
S9 | (4.9 6.7 8.4) | (4.7 6.5 8.1) | (5.1 7.0 8.5) | (5.5 7.2 8.5) | (4.9 6.7 8.3) | (4.7 6.5 8.1) |
S10 | (4.0 5.7 7.4) | (3.6 5.4 7.1) | (3.4 5.1 7.0) | (4.8 6.6 8.0) | (3.9 5.7 7.5) | (3.6 5.4 7.2) |
Wheel Type | Superior and Presentable | Holistic and Balanced | Novel and Individualized | Trimmed and Stable | Rhythmic and Metrical | Mechanical and Ordered |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
S1 | 0.4240 | 0.5018 | 0.4729 | 0.4002 | 0.5766 | 0.5617 |
S2 | 0.6410 * | 0.6268 * | 0.6160 | 0.6419 * | 0.6196 | 0.6065 * |
S3 | 0.4761 | 0.5722 | 0.5217 | 0.3529 | 0.5020 | 0.5344 |
S4 | 0.5852 | 0.5591 | 0.5856 | 0.4975 | 0.5788 | 0.5462 |
S5 | 0.5440 | 0.5700 | 0.5164 | 0.5377 | 0.6045 | 0.5640 |
S6 | 0.5863 | 0.6004 | 0.5425 | 0.6163 | 0.5916 | 0.5344 |
S7 | 0.3679 | 0.3803 | 0.4845 | 0.5489 | 0.4158 | 0.4030 |
S8 | 0.3732 | 0.4071 | 0.4608 | 0.5221 | 0.4124 | 0.4446 |
S9 | 0.6321 | 0.5875 | 0.6435 * | 0.6279 | 0.6232 * | 0.5929 |
S10 | 0.5000 | 0.4335 | 0.3821 | 0.6143 | 0.4776 | 0.4328 |
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Wu, F.; Lu, P.; Lin, Y.-C. Research on the Influence of Wheelsets on the Visual Imagery of City Bicycles. Sustainability 2022, 14, 2762. https://doi.org/10.3390/su14052762
Wu F, Lu P, Lin Y-C. Research on the Influence of Wheelsets on the Visual Imagery of City Bicycles. Sustainability. 2022; 14(5):2762. https://doi.org/10.3390/su14052762
Chicago/Turabian StyleWu, Fan, Peng Lu, and Yang-Cheng Lin. 2022. "Research on the Influence of Wheelsets on the Visual Imagery of City Bicycles" Sustainability 14, no. 5: 2762. https://doi.org/10.3390/su14052762