Identifying Key Components in Implementation of Internet of Energy (IoE) in Iran with a Combined Approach of Meta-Synthesis and Structural Analysis: A Systematic Review
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Theoretical Foundations of Research
3. Empirical Foundations of Research
4. Research Method
5. Research Findings
5.1. Meta-Synthesis
5.1.1. Analytical Quality Control
5.1.2. Shannon Entropy
- First, the frequency of each of the identified indicators should be determined based on content analysis:
- The desired frequency matrix should be normalized. For this purpose, the linear normalization method is used (Equation (1)):
- The entropy value of each indicator ( is calculated based on Equation (3):
- The significance coefficient of each indicator must be calculated. Whatever has a higher value is more significant (Equation (4)):
5.2. Structural Analysis Using MICMAK Software
5.2.1. Determining the Degree of Direct Influence and Dependence of Components
5.2.2. Location of Components in the Zones of the Influence and Dependence Map
- (1)
- Zone (1) components (linkage or strategic variables): These components have two common characteristics of high degrees of influence and dependence, and any small change in these components will cause fundamental changes in the system. Based on the output of MICMAK software, components of technological infrastructure and management factors are located in this area.
- (2)
- Zone (2) components (influential variables): Zone 2 components influence the system more than they are dependent on it. The rules and regulations component is located in this area.
- (3)
- Zone (3) components (Independent variables): The components of this zone have, on average, lower degrees of influence and dependence. A change in these variables does not cause a serious change in the system. Individual and human factors fall within this zone.
- (4)
- Zone (4) components (dependent variables): The components of this zone have little influence on the system and are themselves subject to changes in other variables. The components in this zone include financing, technological resources, knowledge resources, security factors, cultural and social factors, and learning style.
5.2.3. Analyzing the Graph of Influence
6. Discussion and Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Axial Category | Primary (Open) Code | Sources |
---|---|---|
Rules and regulations | Defining institutional rules and regulations related to the IoE, defining crimes and penalties related to their violation | [11,13,25,26,27] |
Monitoring the proper implementation and enforcement of these laws | [4,5,28] | |
Protecting intellectual property rights in the production and dissemination of information | [8,9,12] | |
creating protection laws | [29,30,31,32,33] | |
Creating the appropriate legal and political environment | [34,35,36] | |
Having laws and policies related to information security on confidential data | [11,12,21,23,33,36] | |
Having a regulatory system and defining its role | [4,9,29,37] | |
Creating encouraging laws and documents to raise awareness | [9,27,32] | |
Developing a national vision of the IoE | [7,8,9,33,38,39] | |
Setting standards and the appropriate frameworks | [9,20,35] | |
Facilitating insurance laws related to IoE entrepreneurs | [30,32] | |
Facilitating cooperation rules of domestic and foreign companies in the field of IoE | [7,13,21,23,38,40,41] | |
Individual and human factors | Acceptance of changes and comprehensive participation in implementation and application | [30,41,42] |
Recognizing the technological capability and the capacity to benefit from new technologies | [3,43,44] | |
Comprehending the technology’s usefulness | [36,45] | |
Understanding the technology’s ease of application | [36,45] | |
Recognizing the social consequences (social role) of technology | [38,41,46] | |
Training and benefiting from experts in the field of the new technology | [8,9,31,43] | |
Training and raising users’ awareness about security threats and vulnerabilities | [11,12,47] | |
Financing | Gathering the required funds to invest in transformative energy and digital technologies | [9,12,20,21,25,36,39,48] |
Gathering the required funds for research and training of human resources | [9,12,20,21,25,36,39] | |
Gathering the required funds for monitoring and maintenance | [8,9,20,21,25,49] | |
Having a network economy | [21,25,39,45,49] | |
Technological infrastructure | Existence of powerful microprocessors and Internet servers in the country | [8,23,30,32,38,43,50,51,52,53] |
Bandwidth | [4,8,29,32,36,38,42,49] | |
Free access of the final consumers to the Internet | [5,8,17,23,33,54] | |
Online monitoring of energy consumption | [3,5,17,24,33,54] | |
Optimization of energy production infrastructure | [9,11,17,24,54] | |
Optimization of energy conversion mechanisms | [12,17,37,51] | |
Systematic processes for energy distribution | [5,9,17,25,38,48,55] | |
Communication between the energy supply and consumption chains | [4,8,17,29,38,48] | |
Connection of various tools to the Internet | [9,17,29,34,56] | |
Access to modern hardware equipment | [5,12,17,23,25,38,40,42,52,54] | |
Existence of appropriate software infrastructure | [5,12,17,23,25,38,40,42,52,54,57] | |
Possibility of storing data related to energy production and consumption | [17,22,23,25,38,40,52] | |
Sharing information on units covered by energy consumption | [11,17,25,42,58] | |
Standardization of required technologies (Localization) | [2,4,25,27,30,34,46,58] | |
Technological integration | [2,4,25,27,30,34,41,46,58] | |
Technical support and system monitoring | [9,12,25,26,31,57] | |
Network control in a wide range | [9,11,12,13,27,28,53] | |
Cultural and social factor | Awareness of the Internet culture and optimal energy management | [6,8,21,40] |
Exchanging information in society and raising public awareness | [29,37,56] | |
Building trust in society and transparency in sharing data and information on energy consumption | [1,39,43,48] | |
Identifying new sources of awareness | [29,4] | |
Paying attention to indigenous and social cultures | [30,41,58] | |
Organizational interactions for integration of data and information | [7,23,24,33,45] | |
Safety Factors | Existence of information security technologies to prevent cyber-attacks and hacker intrusions | [7,23,33,36,40,48] |
Data security, content protection, and prevention of forgery and misuse of information sources | [6,8,23,25,32,33] | |
Access to information and data based on roles and responsibilities | [9,11,28,38] | |
Prevention of identity forgery or improper authentication, protection of the network against the intrusion of unauthorized agents | [9,11,23,28] | |
Continuous auditing and monitoring of security events | [23,25,45] | |
Securing hardware and software equipment | [4,9,11,23,33] | |
Technological resources | Blockchain technology and decentralized governance | [2,3,4,6,43,51,57] |
Essential technologies for energy replacement | [23,25,27,32,34,41,58] | |
Technology for storing energy (energy storage batteries) | [4,9,26,33,57] | |
Smart technology of multi-energy (integration of various energy sectors) | [1,28,38,41] | |
Multiple renewable energy sources alternatives | [9,25,26,27,32,34,41,58] | |
Renewable energy production technologies | [9,22,25,26,27,32,34,41,58] | |
Large-scale supply of renewable energies | [6,37,52] | |
Smart technology of traffic and transportation networks | [5,9] | |
Knowledge resources | Knowledge and expertise in planning a wide range of Internet of Energy networks | [11,45] |
Domestic research and development | [45] | |
Knowledge and expertise in the field of artificial intelligence | [45] | |
Knowledge and expertise in information and communication technology | [45] | |
International knowledge and expertise in sustainable development | [45] | |
International knowledge and expertise in renewable energy | [4,9] | |
International knowledge and expertise of IoT | [29,31] | |
International energy management knowledge | [4] | |
Maintenance knowledge and expertise | [4] | |
Learning style | Learning by doing | [5] |
Learning by Interacting | [5,9] | |
Learning by using | [5,9] | |
Organizational science and technology system | [20] | |
Management factors | Required determination and commitment for implementation of the Internet of Energy on a macro level | [6,11,12,15,17,21,22,25,33,35,42,50] |
The existence of a flat organizational structure | [6,9,11,20,21,25,26,30] | |
Management of uncertainty | [1,2,8,9,20,25,26,32,59] | |
Demand response management of consumers | [9,20,24,25,35,49,53,60] | |
Consideration of risks associated with the implementation of new technologies | [8,9,11,12,25,30,37,43,51,52,53] | |
Application of a whole system approach | [1,4,11,21,24,27,28,30,37] | |
Strategic infrastructure planning (Strategic investments) | [2,5,6,32,39,41,44,45,55,58] | |
Planning for energy management of smart homes | [3,22,24,39,44,45,61] | |
Planning for energy management of smart cities | [3,24,36,38,39,60,61] |
Very Weak | Weak | Medium | Good | Very Good |
---|---|---|---|---|
0–11 | 11–20 | 21–30 | 31–40 | 41–50 |
Paper Code | Research Purposes | Methodological Logic | Research Design | Sampling Method | Data Collection | Reflectivity | Ethical Considerations | Accuracy of Data Analysis | Clarity of Results and Findings | Value of Research | Total Points |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
C01 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 5 | 3 | 3 | 4 | 38 |
C02 | 3 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 5 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 31 |
C03 | 3 | 3 | 4 | 2 | 4 | 3 | 5 | 4 | 5 | 4 | 37 |
C04 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 4 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 40 |
C05 | 5 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 4 | 4 | 5 | 3 | 4 | 3 | 39 |
C06 | 5 | 4 | 5 | 4 | 4 | 5 | 5 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 44 |
C07 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 5 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 32 |
C08 | 3 | 3 | 4 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 5 | 3 | 2 | 3 | 32 |
C09 | 3 | 4 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 3 | 5 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 32 |
C10 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 4 | 3 | 3 | 5 | 4 | 3 | 4 | 37 |
C11 | 2 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 5 | 4 | 2 | 3 | 31 |
C12 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 4 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 3 | 4 | 3 | 33 |
C13 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 5 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 32 |
C14 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 5 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 27 |
C15 | 3 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 4 | 4 | 5 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 38 |
C16 | 3 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 5 | 3 | 4 | 4 | 39 |
C17 | 4 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 37 |
C18 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 5 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 41 |
C19 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 40 |
C20 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 3 | 5 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 29 |
C21 | 3 | 4 | 3 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 5 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 37 |
C22 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 3 | 4 | 3 | 35 |
C23 | 5 | 5 | 4 | 5 | 4 | 4 | 5 | 5 | 4 | 4 | 45 |
C24 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 3 | 5 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 30 |
C25 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 4 | 4 | 5 | 4 | 3 | 4 | 39 |
C26 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 5 | 4 | 3 | 3 | 34 |
C27 | 3 | 3 | 4 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 5 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 30 |
C28 | 5 | 4 | 3 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 5 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 41 |
C29 | 5 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 5 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 42 |
C30 | 3 | 3 | 4 | 3 | 4 | 4 | 5 | 4 | 3 | 3 | 36 |
C31 | 5 | 5 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 5 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 43 |
C32 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 5 | 4 | 4 | 5 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 42 |
C33 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 5 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 39 |
C34 | 3 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 4 | 3 | 5 | 4 | 3 | 3 | 36 |
C35 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 4 | 3 | 3 | 38 |
C36 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 5 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 35 |
C37 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 4 | 3 | 4 | 37 |
C38 | 5 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 40 |
C39 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 5 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 41 |
C40 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 40 |
C41 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 3 | 5 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 29 |
C42 | 3 | 4 | 3 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 5 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 37 |
C43 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 3 | 4 | 3 | 35 |
C44 | 5 | 5 | 4 | 5 | 4 | 4 | 5 | 5 | 4 | 4 | 45 |
C45 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 3 | 5 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 30 |
C46 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 4 | 4 | 5 | 4 | 3 | 4 | 39 |
C47 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 5 | 4 | 3 | 3 | 34 |
C48 | 3 | 3 | 4 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 5 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 30 |
C49 | 5 | 4 | 3 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 5 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 41 |
C50 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 5 | 3 | 3 | 4 | 38 |
C51 | 3 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 5 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 31 |
C52 | 3 | 3 | 4 | 2 | 4 | 3 | 5 | 4 | 5 | 4 | 37 |
C53 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 4 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 40 |
C54 | 5 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 4 | 4 | 5 | 3 | 4 | 3 | 39 |
C55 | 5 | 4 | 5 | 4 | 4 | 5 | 5 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 44 |
Paper Code | Title |
---|---|
C01 | Delivering future-proof energy infrastructure |
C02 | Internet of Energy (IoE) and High-Renewables Electricity System Market Design |
C03 | Distributed network security framework of energy Internet based on Internet of Things |
C04 | Optimal energy management strategies for Energy Internet via deep reinforcement learning approach |
C05 | Design and optimization of integrated energy management network system based on Internet of Things technology |
C06 | Blockchain for Internet of Energy management: Review, solutions, and challenges |
C07 | Does Internet development improve green total factor energy efficiency? Evidence from China |
C08 | Using the Internet of Things in smart energy systems and networks |
C09 | Research on the Medium and Long Term Development Framework of Smart Grid under the Background of Energy Internet |
C10 | An Internet of Energy framework with distributed energy resources, prosumers and small-scale virtual power plants: An overview |
C11 | Energy Internet—A New Driving Force for Sustainable Urban Development |
C12 | Energy aware smart city management system using data analytics and Internet of Things |
C13 | Energy management solutions in the Internet of Things applications: Technical analysis and new research directions |
C14 | Entropy theory of distributed energy for Internet of Things |
C15 | Centralized, decentralized, and distributed control for Energy Internet |
C16 | Application and assessment of Internet of Things toward the sustainability of energy systems: Challenges and issues |
C17 | Energy Internet in China |
C18 | Energy Internet—Towards Smart Grid 2.0 |
C19 | An Internet of Things based energy efficiency monitoring and management system for machining workshop |
C20 | Energy management based on Internet of Things: practices and framework for adoption in production management |
C21 | Energy Internet blockchain technology |
C22 | Energy Management Strategies for RES-enabled Smart-grids empowered by an Internet of Things (IOT) Architecture |
C23 | The Internet of Energy: Smart Sensor Networks and Big Data Management for Smart Grid |
C24 | Internet of Things Role in Renewable Energy Resources |
C25 | Optimal sharing energy of a complex of houses through energy trading in the Internet of Energy |
C26 | Does the Internet development affect energy and carbon emission performance? |
C27 | Digitalization and energy: How does Internet development affect China’s energy consumption? |
C28 | Dynamic assessment of Energy Internet’s emission reduction effect—a case study of Yanqing, Beijing |
C29 | An overview of “Energy + Internet” in China |
C30 | Energy Internet: The business perspective |
C31 | Modeling of the Internet of Energy (IoE) for Optimal Energy Management with an Interpretive Structural Modeling (ISM) Approach |
C32 | Internet of Things (IOT) and the Energy Sector |
C33 | The Internet of Energy: A Web-Enabled Smart Grid System |
C34 | A Review of Internet of Energy Based Building Energy Management Systems: Issues and Recommendations |
C35 | Energy Management in Smart Cities Based on Internet of Things: Peak Demand Reduction and Energy Savings |
C36 | Towards an Internet of Energy |
C37 | Discussion on Energy Internet and Its Key Technology |
C38 | An integrated approach for multi-objective optimization and MCDM of Energy Internet under uncertainty |
C39 | A comprehensive review of Energy Internet: basic concept, operation and planning methods, and research prospects |
C40 | Energy Harvesting for the Internet-of-Things: Measurements and Probability Models |
C41 | Cyber security framework for Internet of Things-based Energy Internet |
C42 | The Energy and Emergy of the Internet |
C43 | Optimal Charging Control of Energy Storage and Electric Vehicle of an Individual in the Internet of Energy with Energy Trading |
C44 | Information and resource management systems for Internet of Things: Energy management, communication protocols, and future applications |
C45 | Research on operation and management muti-node model of mega city Energy Internet |
C46 | Energy Internet forums as acceleration phase transition intermediaries |
C47 | Energy-Efficient Device Architecture and Technologies for the Internet of Everything |
C48 | Internet of Things for Modern Energy Systems: State-of-the-Art, Challenges, and Open Issues |
C49 | An Overview of Internet of Energy (IoE) Based Building Energy Management System |
C50 | Integration of electric vehicles and management in the Internet of Energy |
C51 | Green Energy Management of the Energy Internet Based on Service Composition Quality |
C52 | IoT Technologies for Augmented Human: a Survey |
C53 | The Development of the Energy Internet of Things in Energy Infrastructure |
C54 | Energy Internet and We-Energy |
C55 | Architecture of the Internet of Energy Network: An Application to Smart Grid Communications |
Axial Category | Primary Code | Abundance | Uncertainty (Ej) | Significance Factor (Wj) | Rank of Indicators | Component Rank | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Rules and regulations | Defining institutional rules and regulations related to the IoE, defining crimes and penalties related to their violation | 5 | −0.0536 | 0.0122 | 0.0126 | 8 | 3 |
Monitoring the proper implementation and enforcement of these laws | 3 | −0.0359 | 0.0081 | 0.0085 | 10 | ||
Protecting intellectual property rights in the production and dissemination of information | 3 | −0.0359 | 0.0081 | 0.0085 | 10 | ||
Creating protection laws | 5 | −0.0536 | 0.0122 | 0.0126 | 8 | ||
Creating the appropriate legal and political environment | 4 | −0.0451 | 0.0102 | 0.0106 | 9 | ||
Having laws and policies related to information security on confidential data | 6 | −0.0617 | 0.0140 | 0.0145 | 7 | ||
Having a regulatory system and defining its role | 4 | −0.0451 | 0.0102 | 0.0106 | 9 | ||
Creating encouraging laws and documents to raise awareness | 3 | −0.0359 | 0.0081 | 0.0085 | 10 | ||
Developing a national vision of the IoE | 6 | −0.0617 | 0.0140 | 0.0145 | 7 | ||
Setting standards and the appropriate frameworks | 3 | −0.0359 | 0.0081 | 0.0085 | 10 | ||
Facilitating insurance laws related to IoE entrepreneurs | 2 | −0.0259 | 0.0059 | 0.0061 | 11 | ||
Facilitating cooperation rules of domestic and foreign companies in the field of IoE | 7 | −0.0694 | 0.0157 | 0.0163 | 6 | ||
Individual and human factors | Acceptance of changes and comprehensive participation in implementation and application | 3 | −0.0359 | 0.0081 | 0.0085 | 10 | 7 |
Recognizing the technological capability and the capacity to benefit from new technologies | 3 | −0.0359 | 0.0081 | 0.0085 | 10 | ||
Comprehending the technology’s usefulness | 2 | −0.0259 | 0.0059 | 0.0061 | 11 | ||
Understanding the technology’s ease of application | 2 | −0.0259 | 0.0059 | 0.0061 | 11 | ||
Recognizing the social consequences (social role) of technology | 3 | −0.0359 | 0.0081 | 0.0085 | 10 | ||
Training and benefiting from experts in the field of the new technology | 4 | −0.0451 | 0.0102 | 0.0106 | 9 | ||
Training and raising users’ awareness about security threats and vulnerabilities | 3 | −0.0359 | 0.0081 | 0.0085 | 10 | ||
Financing | Gathering the required funds to invest in transformative energy and digital technologies | 8 | −0.0767 | 0.0174 | 0.0181 | 5 | 6 |
Gathering the required funds for research and training of human resources | 7 | −0.0694 | 0.0157 | 0.0163 | 6 | ||
Gathering the required funds for monitoring and maintenance | 6 | −0.0617 | 0.0140 | 0.0145 | 7 | ||
Having a network economy | 5 | −0.0536 | 0.0122 | 0.0126 | 8 | ||
Technological infrastructure | Existence of powerful microprocessors and Internet servers in the country | 10 | −0.0904 | 0.0205 | 0.0213 | 3 | 1 |
Bandwidth | 8 | −0.0767 | 0.0174 | 0.0181 | 5 | ||
Free access of the final consumers to the Internet | 6 | −0.0617 | 0.0140 | 0.0145 | 7 | ||
Online monitoring of energy consumption | 6 | −0.0617 | 0.0140 | 0.0145 | 7 | ||
Optimization of energy production infrastructure | 5 | −0.0536 | 0.0122 | 0.0126 | 8 | ||
Optimization of energy conversion mechanisms | 4 | −0.0451 | 0.0102 | 0.0106 | 9 | ||
Systematic processes for energy distribution | 7 | −0.0694 | 0.0157 | 0.0163 | 6 | ||
Communication between the energy supply and consumption chains | 6 | −0.0617 | 0.0140 | 0.0145 | 7 | ||
Connection of various tools to the Internet | 7 | −0.0694 | 0.0157 | 0.0163 | 6 | ||
Access to modern hardware equipment | 10 | −0.0904 | 0.0205 | 0.0213 | 3 | ||
Existence of appropriate software infrastructure | 11 | −0.0969 | 0.0220 | 0.0228 | 2 | ||
Possibility of storing data related to energy production and consumption | 7 | −0.0694 | 0.0157 | 0.0163 | 6 | ||
Sharing information on units covered by energy consumption | 5 | −0.0536 | 0.0122 | 0.0126 | 8 | ||
Standardization of required technologies (Localization) | 8 | −0.0767 | 0.0174 | 0.0181 | 5 | ||
Technological integration | 9 | −0.0837 | 0.0190 | 0.0197 | 4 | ||
Technical support and system monitoring | 6 | −0.0617 | 0.0140 | 0.0145 | 7 | ||
Network control in a wide range | 7 | −0.0694 | 0.0157 | 0.0163 | 6 | ||
Cultural and social factors | Awareness of the Internet culture and optimal energy management | 4 | −0.0451 | 0.0102 | 0.0106 | 9 | 7 |
Exchanging information in society and raising public awareness | 3 | −0.0359 | 0.0081 | 0.0085 | 10 | ||
Building trust in society and transparency in sharing data and information on energy consumption | 4 | −0.0451 | 0.0102 | 0.0106 | 9 | ||
Identifying new sources of awareness | 2 | −0.0259 | 0.0059 | 0.0061 | 11 | ||
Paying attention to indigenous and social cultures | 3 | −0.0359 | 0.0081 | 0.0085 | 10 | ||
Organizational interactions for integration of data and information | 5 | −0.0536 | 0.0122 | 0.0126 | 8 | ||
Safety factors | Existence of information security technologies to prevent cyber-attacks and hacker intrusions | 6 | −0.0617 | 0.0140 | 0.0145 | 7 | 5 |
Data security, content protection, and prevention of forgery and misuse of information sources | 6 | −0.0617 | 0.0140 | 0.0145 | 7 | ||
Access to information and data based on roles and responsibilities | 4 | −0.0451 | 0.0102 | 0.0106 | 9 | ||
Prevention of identity forgery or improper authentication, protection of the network against the intrusion of unauthorized agents | 4 | −0.0451 | 0.0102 | 0.0106 | 9 | ||
Continuous auditing and monitoring of security events | 3 | −0.0359 | 0.0081 | 0.0085 | 10 | ||
Securing hardware and software equipment | 5 | −0.0536 | 0.0122 | 0.0126 | 8 | ||
Technological resources | Blockchain technology and decentralized governance | 7 | −0.0694 | 0.0157 | 0.0163 | 6 | 4 |
Essential technologies for energy replacement | 6 | −0.0617 | 0.0140 | 0.0145 | 7 | ||
Technology for storing energy (energy storage batteries) | 5 | −0.0536 | 0.0122 | 0.0126 | 8 | ||
Smart technology of multi-energy (integration of various energy sectors) | 4 | −0.0451 | 0.0102 | 0.0106 | 9 | ||
Multiple renewable energy sources alternatives | 8 | −0.0767 | 0.0174 | 0.0181 | 5 | ||
Renewable energy production technologies | 9 | −0.0837 | 0.0190 | 0.0197 | 4 | ||
Large-scale supply of renewable energies | 3 | −0.0359 | 0.0081 | 0.0085 | 10 | ||
Smart technology of traffic and transportation networks | 2 | −0.0259 | 0.0059 | 0.0061 | 11 | ||
Knowledge resources | Knowledge and expertise in planning a wide range of Internet of Energy networks | 2 | −0.0259 | 0.0059 | 0.0061 | 11 | 8 |
Domestic research and development | 1 | −0.0146 | 0.0033 | 0.0034 | 12 | ||
Knowledge and expertise in the field of artificial intelligence | 1 | −0.0146 | 0.0033 | 0.0034 | 12 | ||
Knowledge and expertise in information and communication technology | 1 | −0.0146 | 0.0033 | 0.0034 | 12 | ||
International knowledge and expertise in sustainable development | 1 | −0.0146 | 0.0033 | 0.0034 | 12 | ||
International knowledge and expertise in renewable energy | 2 | −0.0259 | 0.0059 | 0.0061 | 11 | ||
International knowledge and expertise of IoT | 2 | −0.0259 | 0.0059 | 0.0061 | 11 | ||
International energy management knowledge | 1 | −0.0146 | 0.0033 | 0.0034 | 12 | ||
Maintenance knowledge and expertise | 1 | −0.0146 | 0.0033 | 0.0034 | 12 | ||
Learning style | Learning by doing | 1 | −0.0146 | 0.0033 | 0.0034 | 12 | 9 |
Learning by Interacting | 2 | −0.0259 | 0.0059 | 0.0061 | 11 | ||
Learning by using | 2 | −0.0259 | 0.0059 | 0.0061 | 11 | ||
Organizational science and technology system | 1 | −0.0146 | 0.0033 | 0.0034 | 12 | ||
Management factors | Required determination and commitment for implementation of the Internet of Energy on a macro level | 12 | −0.1032 | 0.0234 | 0.0243 | 1 | 2 |
The existence of a flat organizational structure | 8 | −0.0767 | 0.0174 | 0.0181 | 8 | ||
Management of uncertainty | 9 | −0.0837 | 0.0190 | 0.0197 | 5 | ||
Demand response management of consumers | 8 | −0.0767 | 0.0174 | 0.0181 | 5 | ||
Consideration of risks associated with the implementation of new technologies | 11 | −0.0969 | 0.0220 | 0.0228 | 2 | ||
Application of a whole system approach | 9 | −0.0837 | 0.0190 | 0.0197 | 4 | ||
Strategic infrastructure planning (Strategic investments) | 10 | −0.0904 | 0.0205 | 0.0213 | 3 | ||
Planning for energy management of smart homes | 7 | −0.0694 | 0.0157 | 0.0163 | 6 | ||
Planning for energy management of smart cities | 7 | −0.0694 | 0.0157 | 0.0163 | 6 |
Effectless | Low Effect | Medium Effect | High Effect |
---|---|---|---|
Zero | One | Two | Three |
Indicators | Matrix Size | Number of Iterations | Number of Zeros | Number of Ones | Number of Twos | Number of Threes | Total | Fillrate |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Values | 10 | 2 | 12 | 39 | 40 | 9 | 88 | 88% |
Rank | Components | Influence | Components | Dependence |
---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Management Factors | 19 | Technological Infrastructure | 18 |
2 | Rules | 18 | Management Factors | 18 |
3 | Technological Infrastructure | 17 | Security Factors | 17 |
4 | Individual and Human Factors | 15 | Knowledge Resources | 16 |
5 | Financing | 15 | Financing | 15 |
6 | Security Factors | 13 | Cultural and Social Factors | 14 |
7 | Technological Resources | 13 | Technological Resources | 14 |
8 | Knowledge Resources | 13 | Learning Style | 14 |
9 | Cultural and Social Factors | 12 | Individual and Human Factors | 11 |
10 | Learning Style | 11 | Rules | 9 |
Totals | 146 | Totals | 146 |
Rank | Label | Direct Influence | Label | Direct Dependence | Label | Indirect Influence | Label | Indirect Dependence |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | MF | 1301 | TI | 1232 | MF | 1268 | TI | 1224 |
2 | Ru | 1232 | MF | 1232 | Ru | 1239 | MF | 1181 |
3 | TI | 1164 | SF | 1164 | TI | 1128 | SF | 1139 |
4 | IHF | 1027 | KR | 1095 | FI | 1031 | KR | 1082 |
5 | FI | 1027 | FI | 1027 | IHF | 1004 | FI | 1005 |
6 | SF | 890 | CSF | 958 | SF | 921 | TR | 1000 |
7 | TR | 890 | TR | 958 | TR | 894 | LS | 965 |
8 | KR | 890 | LS | 958 | KR | 883 | CSF | 964 |
9 | CSF | 821 | IHF | 753 | CSF | 857 | IHF | 782 |
10 | LS | 753 | Ru | 616 | LS | 769 | Ru | 653 |
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Taghavi, M.H.; Akhavan, P.; Ahmadi, R.; Bonyadi Naeini, A. Identifying Key Components in Implementation of Internet of Energy (IoE) in Iran with a Combined Approach of Meta-Synthesis and Structural Analysis: A Systematic Review. Sustainability 2022, 14, 13180. https://doi.org/10.3390/su142013180
Taghavi MH, Akhavan P, Ahmadi R, Bonyadi Naeini A. Identifying Key Components in Implementation of Internet of Energy (IoE) in Iran with a Combined Approach of Meta-Synthesis and Structural Analysis: A Systematic Review. Sustainability. 2022; 14(20):13180. https://doi.org/10.3390/su142013180
Chicago/Turabian StyleTaghavi, Mir Hamid, Peyman Akhavan, Rouhollah Ahmadi, and Ali Bonyadi Naeini. 2022. "Identifying Key Components in Implementation of Internet of Energy (IoE) in Iran with a Combined Approach of Meta-Synthesis and Structural Analysis: A Systematic Review" Sustainability 14, no. 20: 13180. https://doi.org/10.3390/su142013180