Disaster Risk Assessment of Informal Settlements in the Global South
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Costa Rica and the GAM’s Geographical Setting
2.2. Informal Settlements Risk Determination
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Risk of the GAM’s Informal Settlements
3.2. Policy Implications
4. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Risk Parameter | Adjusted Parameters at the Informal Settlement Level | Units | Abbreviation |
---|---|---|---|
Hazard | Slope | Mean informal settlement slope degree | SLP |
Distance to rivers | Mean distance in meters to rivers | RIV | |
Exposure | Total population | Population per informal settlement | POP |
Houses | Number of houses per informal settlement | HOU | |
Informal settlements area | Informal settlements areas in m2 | AREA | |
Vulnerability | Social development index | Average municipal records | SDI |
Variable | Degree | Province | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
San José | Alajuela | Cartago | Heredia | ||
Hazard | High | 55 (18.58%) | 20 (6.75%) | 13 (4.39%) | 10 (3.37%) |
Medium | 63 (21.28%) | 13 (4.39%) | 15 (5.06%) | 8 (2.75%) | |
Low | 63 (21.28%) | 7 (2.36%) | 23 (7.77%) | 6 (2.02%) | |
Exposure | High | 50 (16.89%) | 11 (3.71%) | 22 (7.43%) | 2 (0.67%) |
Medium | 54 (18.24%) | 13 (4.39%) | 10 (3.37%) | 10 (3.37%) | |
Low | 77 (26.01%) | 16 (5.46%) | 19 (6.41%) | 12 (4.05%) | |
Vulnerability | High | 49 (16.55%) | 18 (6.08%) | 12 (4.05%) | 7 (2.36%) |
Medium | 66 (22.29%) | 13 (4.39%) | 19 (6.41%) | 8 (2.75%) | |
Low | 66 (22.29%) | 9 (3.04%) | 20 (6.75%) | 9 (3.04%) | |
Risk | High | 37 (12.52%) | 8 (2.72%) | 16 (5.4%) | 2 (0.67%) |
Medium | 37 (12.52%) | 11 (3.71%) | 6 (2.02%) | 10 (3.37%) | |
Low | 107 (36.14%) | 21 (7.09%) | 29 (9.79%) | 12 (4.05%) |
Municipality | Total Units | High Risk Percentage |
---|---|---|
San José | 49 | 22.45 |
Desamparados | 28 | 21.43 |
Alajuela | 25 | 24.00 |
La Unión | 24 | 37.50 |
Curridabat | 22 | 18.18 |
Goicoechea | 21 | 9.52 |
Tibás | 20 | 30.00 |
Cartago | 19 | 31.58 |
Alajuelita | 19 | 26.32 |
Heredia | 11 | 9.09 |
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Quesada-Román, A. Disaster Risk Assessment of Informal Settlements in the Global South. Sustainability 2022, 14, 10261. https://doi.org/10.3390/su141610261
Quesada-Román A. Disaster Risk Assessment of Informal Settlements in the Global South. Sustainability. 2022; 14(16):10261. https://doi.org/10.3390/su141610261
Chicago/Turabian StyleQuesada-Román, Adolfo. 2022. "Disaster Risk Assessment of Informal Settlements in the Global South" Sustainability 14, no. 16: 10261. https://doi.org/10.3390/su141610261