Mechanism Analysis of Roof Deformation in Pre-Driven Longwall Recovery Rooms Considering Main Roof Failure Form
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Case Study
2.1. Roof and Coal Seam Conditions
2.2. Support and Mining Conditions
2.3. Field Monitoring
3. Mechanical Model of Roof Deformation of Pre-Driven Recovery Room
3.1. Roof Failure Form in Recovery Room
3.2. Establishing Mechanical Models
3.2.1. Main Roof Breaks behind Shield Hydraulic Supports
3.2.2. Main Roof Breaks above the Main Recovery Room
3.2.3. Main Roof Breaks above Coal Pillar
3.3. Parameter Analysis
3.4. Inversion of Main Roof Break Position
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Coal Seam Number | Coal Seam Average Thickness (m) | Immediate Roof | Main Roof | Average Depth (m) | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Lithology | Average Thickness (m) | Lithology | Average Thickness (m) | |||
5−2 | 7.23 | Sandstone | 7.50 | Medium sandstone | 19.27 | 23–206 |
Longwall Panel | Arrangement | Support Pattern (Main Recovery Room) | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Roof | Coal Pillar Rib | Mining Rib | ||
15205 | Pre-driven double recovery room | Steel bolts, cables, and hydraulic supports | Steel bolts | FRP bolts |
15206 |
Longwall Panel | Longwall Face | Main Recovery Room | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mining Height (m) | Shield Supports Resistance(kN) | Height (m) | Width (m) | Chock Supports Resistance (kN) | Coal Pillar Width (m) | |
15205 | 6.7 | 17,000 | 4.5 | 6.0 | 18,000 | 20 |
15206 |
Stability Category of Roadway Surrounding Rock | Stability of Roadway Surrounding Rock | Roof Sag of Mining Roadway (mm) | |
---|---|---|---|
Average | Range | ||
Ⅰ | Extremely stable | 30 | 10~50 |
II | Stable | 75 | 50~100 |
III | Moderately stable | 250 | 100~400 |
IV | Unstable | 500 | 400~600 |
V | Extremely unstable | 1200 | 600~1800 |
Longwall Panel | Average Column Pressure of Hydraulic Supports (MPa) | Average Value of Support Resistance (kN) | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Chock Supports | Shield Supports | Chock Supports | Shield Supports | |
15205 | 23.09 | 26.62 | 10,469 | 10,833 |
15206 | 22.15 | 30.56 | 10,041 | 12,436 |
Longwall Panel | Surrounding Rock Occurrence Conditions | Surrounding Rock Mechanical Parameters | Mining and Engineering Parameters | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
H (m) | h0 (m) | h1 (m) | γ (kN/m3) | γ0 (kN/m3) | γ1 (kN/m3) | φ1 (°) | E0 (GPa) | Ec (GPa) | α (°) | l (m) | f1 (kPa) | f2 (kPa) | h (m) | w1 (m) | w2 (m) | |
15205 | 155 | 4.02 | 49 | 22.2 | 23.5 | 23.9 | 38 | 1.9 | 1.1 | 17 | 19.7 | 634 | 1032 | 4.5 | 6.0 | 6.0 |
15206 | 147 | 19 | 18.3 | 608 | 1184 |
Number of Monitoring Area | 15205 Panel | 15206 Panel | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Average Roof Sag (mm) | Main Roof Break Position (m) | Average Roof Sag (mm) | Main Roof Break Position (m) | |
I | 240 | 8.3 (19.6, −8.9) | 38 | 10 |
II | 760 | −3.6 (2.8) | 142 | 9.3 (16.2, −9.8) |
III | 816 | −2.4 (1.6) | 177 | 9.1 (17.8, −9.6) |
IV | 724 | −4.2 (3.4) | 193 | 8.9 (18.4, −9.5) |
V | 521 | −6.6 (5.8) | 153 | 9.2 (16.7, −9.8) |
VI | 184 | 8.7 (17.5, −9.3) | 39 | 10 |
Longwall Panel | 15205 | 15206 | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Number of Periodic Weighting | Position (m) | Step (m) | Position (m) | Step (m) |
1 | 208 | — | 205 | — |
2 | 189.5 | 18.5 | 186.5 | 18.5 |
3 | 169.5 | 20 | 163.5 | 23 |
4 | 150 | 19.5 | 148 | 15.5 |
5 | 131 | 19 | 136.5 | 11.5 |
6 | 110 | 21 | 119 | 17.5 |
7 | 91.5 | 18.5 | 103 | 16 |
8 | 72 | 19.5 | 83 | 20 |
9 | 53 | 19 | 60.5 | 22.5 |
10 | 34 | 19 | 42.5 | 18 |
11 | 11.5 | 22.5 | 22 | 20.5 |
12 | −8.2 | 19.7 | 4 | 18 |
Main roof break position of last weighting (m) | −2.2 | 10 |
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Wang, B.; Mu, L.; He, M.; Gu, S. Mechanism Analysis of Roof Deformation in Pre-Driven Longwall Recovery Rooms Considering Main Roof Failure Form. Sustainability 2022, 14, 9093. https://doi.org/10.3390/su14159093
Wang B, Mu L, He M, Gu S. Mechanism Analysis of Roof Deformation in Pre-Driven Longwall Recovery Rooms Considering Main Roof Failure Form. Sustainability. 2022; 14(15):9093. https://doi.org/10.3390/su14159093
Chicago/Turabian StyleWang, Bonan, Lin Mu, Mingming He, and Shuancheng Gu. 2022. "Mechanism Analysis of Roof Deformation in Pre-Driven Longwall Recovery Rooms Considering Main Roof Failure Form" Sustainability 14, no. 15: 9093. https://doi.org/10.3390/su14159093