Identification of Three Novel QTLs Associated with Yellow Rust Resistance in Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Anong-179/Khaista-17 F2 Population
Abstract
:1. Introduction
1.1. Breeding Material
1.2. Crossing Block Design and Development of F1 Hybrids
1.3. Yellow Rust Inoculation and Disease Resistance Categorization
- R: Resistant, having observable necrotic spots or no pustules.
- MR: Moderately resistant, having tiny pustules with necrotic spots.
- MS: Moderately susceptible, intermediate pustules, zero necrosis, mild chlorosis.
- S: Susceptible; bulky pustules, having no necrosis or chlorosis.
1.4. Generation’s Advancement
1.5. Phenotyping of Parents and F2 Population for YR
1.6. Standard Cultural Practices
1.7. Leaf Sampling, DNA Extraction, and Genotyping
1.8. Primer Selection, PCR Cycle, and SDS-PAGE Electrophoresis
1.9. Genetic Map Construction and QTLs Analysis
1.10. Statistical Analysis
2. Results
2.1. Primary Linkage Mapping
2.2. Genetic Variability and Heritability Analysis
2.3. Association of Yellow Rust Infection with Yield Traits
2.4. Yellow Rust Disease Severity
3. Discussion
3.1. Choosing the Parental Genotypes
3.2. QTLs Associated with Yellow Rust
3.3. Variability and Heritability
3.4. Association of Yellow Rust Infection with Yield Traits
3.5. Disease Severity and Impact on Plant Traits
4. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Genotypes | Parentage/Pedigree | Source/Origin |
---|---|---|
Lines | ||
PR123 | ND643/2*WBLL1/4/WHEAR/KUKUNA/3/C80.1/3*BATAVIA//2*WBLL1 | CIMMYT-Mexico |
PR125 | KACHU/3/PBW343*2/KUKUNA//PBW343*2/KUKUNA | CIMMYT-Mexico |
PR126 | SIREN2010/PIRSABAK-04 | CCRI, Pakistan |
PR127 | SOKOLL/3/PASTOR//HXL7573/2*BAU*2/4/PASTOR//MILAN/KAUZ/3/BAV92 | CIMMYT-Mexico |
PR128 | SALEEM-2000/PIRSABAK-05 | CCRI, Pakistan |
PR129 | PASTOR//HXL7573/2*BAU/3/SOKOLL/WBLL1/4/HUW234+LR34/PRINIA//PBW343*2/KUKUNA/3/ROLF07/5/WHEAR/SOKOLL | CIMMYT-Mexico |
PR130 | MILAN/S87230//BAV92*2/3/AKURI | CIMMYT-Mexico |
AN179 | JIMAI22/SANYOU2018 | AAU Hefei China |
AN837 | XINONG822///LUO3429//ANNONG0807/YANNONG5 | AAU Hefei China |
Testers | ||
Pirsabak-13 (PS13) | CS/TH.SC//3*PVN/3/MIRLO/BUC/4/MILAN/5/ | CCRI, Pakistan |
Pirsabak-15 (PS15) | MILAN/S87230//BABAX | CCRI, Pakistan |
Pakhtunkhwa15 (PK15) | WBLL1*2/4/YACO/PBW65/3/KUAZ*2/TRAP//KAUZ | CCRI, Pakistan |
Khaista-17 (KS17) | KAUZ//ALTAR84/AOS/3/MILAN/KAUZ/4/HUITES/7/AL/NH//H567.71/3/SERI/4/CAL/NH//H567.71/5/2*KAUZ/6/PASTOR | CCRI, Pakistan |
Wadaan-17 (WD17) | YAV79//DACK/RABI/3/SNIPE/4/AE. SQUARROSA | CCRI, Pakistan |
Chromosome | Markers Interval | 1 LOD | 2 PVE % | Additive Effects | Dominant Effects |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
2BS | X2cd18-Xmwg546 | 4.51 | 1.24 | −17.45 | −15.93 |
3BS | X12rc73-Swm13 | 5.64 | 0.54 | −15.64 | −23.40 |
6BS | IW21254-IW24290 | 2.50 | 0.75 | −18.31 | −18.04 |
SOV | DF | YR (CI) | Spike Length | Peduncle Length | Grains Spike−1 | 1000 Grain Weight | Grain Yield Plant−1 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Rep | 2 | 29.90 ns | 1.62 ns | 7.80 ns | 57.2 ns | 11.45 ns | 1252.59 ns |
Genotype | 58 | 359.72 ** | 2.36 ** | 64.02 ** | 137.9 ** | 83.12 ** | 160.05 ** |
Parents | 13 | 453.16 ** | 5.01 ** | 96.54 ** | 278.12 ** | 126.63 ** | 257.15 ** |
Crosses | 44 | 330.72 ** | 1.25 ** | 51.54 ** | 96.46 ** | 68.42 ** | 105.24 ** |
Lines (L) | 8 | 212.8 * | 4.5 * | 111.3 * | 219.0 * | 126.7 * | 45.42 ** |
Tester (T) | 4 | 1817.8 ** | 2.4 ** | 168.9 ** | 178.0 * | 57.3 ** | 84.3 ** |
L x T | 32 | 174.32 ns | 0.29 ** | 21.94 ** | 55.61 ** | 55.24 ** | 200.4 * |
Error | 116 | 26.10 | 0.12 | 2.18 | 18.47 | 10.78 | 102.70 |
h2 | -- | 0.10 | 0.74 | 0.87 | 0.72 | 0.70 | 0.75 |
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Saeed, M.; Ullah, F.; Shah, L.; Ahmad, W.; Ali, M.; Munsif, F.; Zubair, A.; Ibrahim, M.; Shah, S.M.A.; Uddin, H.; et al. Identification of Three Novel QTLs Associated with Yellow Rust Resistance in Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Anong-179/Khaista-17 F2 Population. Sustainability 2022, 14, 7454. https://doi.org/10.3390/su14127454
Saeed M, Ullah F, Shah L, Ahmad W, Ali M, Munsif F, Zubair A, Ibrahim M, Shah SMA, Uddin H, et al. Identification of Three Novel QTLs Associated with Yellow Rust Resistance in Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Anong-179/Khaista-17 F2 Population. Sustainability. 2022; 14(12):7454. https://doi.org/10.3390/su14127454
Chicago/Turabian StyleSaeed, Muhammad, Farhan Ullah, Liaqat Shah, Waqas Ahmad, Murad Ali, Fazal Munsif, Ahmad Zubair, Muhammad Ibrahim, Syed Mushtaq Ahmed Shah, Hammad Uddin, and et al. 2022. "Identification of Three Novel QTLs Associated with Yellow Rust Resistance in Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Anong-179/Khaista-17 F2 Population" Sustainability 14, no. 12: 7454. https://doi.org/10.3390/su14127454