Empirical Characterization Factors for Life Cycle Assessment of the Impacts of Reservoir Occupation on Macroinvertebrate Richness across the United States
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Material and Methods
2.1. Life Cycle Impact Assessment (LCIA) Framework
2.2. Data Collection
2.2.1. Macroinvertebrate Richness
2.2.2. Ecoregions
2.2.3. Native Riverine Taxa Definition
2.2.4. PDFs Calculation
2.3. Data Analysis and Empirical Modelling
2.3.1. Regionalization and ANOVA
2.3.2. Variation Partitioning to Explain the Variation Observed in Our PDFres
2.3.3. Empirical Modelling
3. Results
3.1. PDFusa and Variation in PDFeco across Ecoregions
3.2. Variables Explaining the Variation in PDFres
3.3. PDFres Empirical Model
4. Discussion
4.1. United States Taxa Loss and Regionalization
4.2. Elevation, Trophic State and Reservoir Surface Area
4.3. Limitations
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
Appendix A
UID | LAT | LON | ECO | ELE | AREA | TS | N.REF | MEAN.REF.S | SD.REF.S | N.IMP | IMP.S | SD.IMP.S | SD.PDF | LOW.CI | UP.CI | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
6243 | 38.507965 | −94.673265 | TPL | 295.8 | 110.0 | EUT | 209 | 32.0 | 12.9 | 1 | 42 | 0 | −0.314 | 0.126 | −0.562 | −0.066 |
6252 | 40.111767 | −75.861530 | SAP | 186.7 | 63.2 | EUT | 344 | 45.8 | 15.1 | 1 | 35 | 0 | 0.236 | 0.078 | 0.083 | 0.388 |
6267 | 31.621546 | −88.353739 | CPL | 50.8 | 32.6 | EUT | 327 | 28.4 | 16.6 | 1 | 32 | 0 | −0.126 | 0.074 | −0.271 | 0.019 |
6270 | 35.174388 | −99.077489 | SPL | 499.9 | 141.5 | EUT | 176 | 26.1 | 13.1 | 1 | 14 | 0 | 0.465 | 0.233 | 0.007 | 0.922 |
6281 | 35.285013 | −112.154163 | WMT | 2072.1 | 24.8 | EUT | 222 | 39.8 | 12.0 | 1 | 15 | 0 | 0.623 | 0.188 | 0.254 | 0.992 |
6319 | 36.831633 | −104.226303 | WMT | 2066.2 | 44.2 | EUT | 222 | 39.8 | 12.0 | 1 | 16 | 0 | 0.598 | 0.181 | 0.243 | 0.952 |
6342 | 39.994962 | −105.112227 | SPL | 1620.9 | 18.2 | EUT | 176 | 26.1 | 13.1 | 1 | 26 | 0 | 0.006 | 0.003 | 0.000 | 0.011 |
6404 | 39.638354 | −95.456811 | TPL | 321.7 | 26.9 | EUT | 209 | 32.0 | 12.9 | 1 | 22 | 0 | 0.312 | 0.126 | 0.066 | 0.558 |
6437 | 39.000154 | −95.779648 | TPL | 350.6 | 101.9 | EUT | 209 | 32.0 | 12.9 | 1 | 34 | 0 | −0.064 | 0.026 | −0.114 | −0.013 |
6451 | 40.161787 | −79.052384 | SAP | 551.9 | 18.2 | EUT | 344 | 45.8 | 15.1 | 1 | 43 | 0 | 0.061 | 0.020 | 0.022 | 0.101 |
6481 | 39.484355 | −118.723571 | XER | 1202.0 | 164.1 | EUT | 213 | 31.0 | 11.6 | 1 | 19 | 0 | 0.387 | 0.144 | 0.104 | 0.670 |
6482 | 41.928985 | −119.179002 | XER | 1678.2 | 100.3 | EUT | 213 | 31.0 | 11.6 | 1 | 16 | 0 | 0.484 | 0.181 | 0.129 | 0.838 |
6501 | 35.980828 | −108.931643 | WMT | 2290.2 | 15.4 | EUT | 222 | 39.8 | 12.0 | 1 | 14 | 0 | 0.648 | 0.196 | 0.264 | 1.032 |
6525 | 35.992932 | −96.873677 | SPL | 255.6 | 177.7 | EUT | 176 | 26.1 | 13.1 | 1 | 40 | 0 | −0.530 | 0.266 | −1.051 | −0.009 |
6550 | 34.953616 | −96.718159 | SPL | 281.1 | 533.1 | EUT | 176 | 26.1 | 13.1 | 1 | 27 | 0 | −0.033 | 0.016 | −0.065 | −0.001 |
6556 | 35.412203 | −95.929276 | SPL | 201.3 | 204.3 | EUT | 176 | 26.1 | 13.1 | 1 | 25 | 0 | 0.044 | 0.022 | 0.001 | 0.087 |
6570 | 37.655565 | −98.260986 | SPL | 479.3 | 56.8 | EUT | 176 | 26.1 | 13.1 | 1 | 39 | 0 | −0.492 | 0.247 | −0.975 | −0.008 |
6575 | 40.723819 | −109.183908 | XER | 2184.0 | 43.3 | EUT | 213 | 31.0 | 11.6 | 1 | 21 | 0 | 0.322 | 0.120 | 0.086 | 0.558 |
6586 | 31.787274 | −96.064492 | CPL | 91.4 | 852.5 | EUT | 327 | 28.4 | 16.6 | 1 | 28 | 0 | 0.015 | 0.009 | −0.002 | 0.031 |
6599 | 46.543922 | −104.028258 | NPL | 907.4 | 3.8 | EUT | 179 | 29.4 | 10.1 | 1 | 33 | 0 | −0.121 | 0.042 | −0.203 | −0.040 |
6606 | 37.390887 | −99.784838 | SPL | 685.8 | 127.3 | EUT | 176 | 26.1 | 13.1 | 1 | 28 | 0 | −0.071 | 0.036 | −0.141 | −0.001 |
6617 | 41.757410 | −115.722027 | XER | 2089.2 | 23.6 | EUT | 213 | 31.0 | 11.6 | 1 | 26 | 0 | 0.161 | 0.060 | 0.043 | 0.279 |
6618 | 41.198060 | −115.892296 | XER | 1814.2 | 5.0 | EUT | 213 | 31.0 | 11.6 | 1 | 26 | 0 | 0.161 | 0.060 | 0.043 | 0.279 |
6622 | 31.889172 | −97.702492 | SPL | 290.0 | 20.7 | EUT | 176 | 26.1 | 13.1 | 1 | 35 | 0 | −0.339 | 0.170 | −0.672 | −0.005 |
6668 | 36.823001 | −96.047588 | SPL | 230.6 | 103.5 | EUT | 176 | 26.1 | 13.1 | 1 | 38 | 0 | −0.453 | 0.228 | −0.899 | −0.007 |
6695 | 36.705443 | −96.419109 | TPL | 266.8 | 325.4 | EUT | 209 | 32.0 | 12.9 | 1 | 40 | 0 | −0.251 | 0.101 | −0.450 | −0.053 |
6719 | 38.398162 | −115.117053 | XER | 1574.3 | 72.3 | EUT | 213 | 31.0 | 11.6 | 1 | 23 | 0 | 0.258 | 0.096 | 0.069 | 0.446 |
6731 | 41.701690 | −113.959671 | XER | 1622.6 | 10.3 | EUT | 213 | 31.0 | 11.6 | 1 | 26 | 0 | 0.161 | 0.060 | 0.043 | 0.279 |
6735 | 32.944430 | −96.453752 | SPL | 146.0 | 13.8 | EUT | 176 | 26.1 | 13.1 | 1 | 34 | 0 | −0.300 | 0.151 | −0.596 | −0.005 |
6742 | 47.761716 | −108.432829 | NPL | 912.2 | 4.3 | EUT | 179 | 29.4 | 10.1 | 1 | 30 | 0 | −0.019 | 0.007 | −0.032 | −0.006 |
6753 | 39.931042 | −104.973296 | SPL | 1600.5 | 9.2 | EUT | 176 | 26.1 | 13.1 | 1 | 20 | 0 | 0.235 | 0.118 | 0.004 | 0.466 |
6762 | 33.516175 | −94.125132 | CPL | 82.4 | 17.1 | EUT | 327 | 28.4 | 16.6 | 1 | 43 | 0 | −0.513 | 0.301 | −1.103 | 0.076 |
6774 | 46.826042 | −100.634208 | NPL | 523.4 | 3.9 | EUT | 179 | 29.4 | 10.1 | 1 | 16 | 0 | 0.456 | 0.157 | 0.149 | 0.764 |
6795 | 38.997241 | −108.051180 | WMT | 3070.9 | 15.0 | EUT | 222 | 39.8 | 12.0 | 1 | 32 | 0 | 0.195 | 0.059 | 0.080 | 0.311 |
6796 | 37.193346 | −95.988976 | SPL | 252.1 | 13.5 | EUT | 176 | 26.1 | 13.1 | 1 | 36 | 0 | −0.377 | 0.189 | −0.748 | −0.006 |
6806 | 38.491412 | −79.314781 | SAP | 604.1 | 3.8 | EUT | 344 | 45.8 | 15.1 | 1 | 43 | 0 | 0.061 | 0.020 | 0.022 | 0.101 |
6823 | 43.165878 | −115.652476 | XER | 997.2 | 163.9 | EUT | 213 | 31.0 | 11.6 | 1 | 24 | 0 | 0.225 | 0.084 | 0.060 | 0.390 |
6868 | 38.235087 | −112.463009 | WMT | 2680.7 | 9.6 | EUT | 222 | 39.8 | 12.0 | 1 | 26 | 0 | 0.346 | 0.105 | 0.141 | 0.551 |
6869 | 38.847537 | −111.961390 | XER | 1589.5 | 93.2 | EUT | 213 | 31.0 | 11.6 | 1 | 16 | 0 | 0.484 | 0.181 | 0.129 | 0.838 |
6874 | 39.036703 | −107.911131 | WMT | 3105.2 | 5.7 | EUT | 222 | 39.8 | 12.0 | 1 | 30 | 0 | 0.246 | 0.074 | 0.100 | 0.391 |
6875 | 40.944919 | −106.011968 | XER | 2410.4 | 17.4 | EUT | 213 | 31.0 | 11.6 | 1 | 26 | 0 | 0.161 | 0.060 | 0.043 | 0.279 |
6923 | 40.039991 | −81.013888 | SAP | 322.7 | 43.0 | EUT | 344 | 45.8 | 15.1 | 1 | 24 | 0 | 0.476 | 0.157 | 0.168 | 0.784 |
6940 | 44.329096 | −116.184107 | WMT | 1507.0 | 71.6 | EUT | 222 | 39.8 | 12.0 | 1 | 29 | 0 | 0.271 | 0.082 | 0.110 | 0.431 |
6944 | 39.169507 | −111.450721 | WMT | 2837.7 | 18.8 | EUT | 222 | 39.8 | 12.0 | 1 | 29 | 0 | 0.271 | 0.082 | 0.110 | 0.431 |
6959 | 44.964115 | −116.463019 | WMT | 1453.0 | 211.4 | EUT | 222 | 39.8 | 12.0 | 1 | 32 | 0 | 0.195 | 0.059 | 0.080 | 0.311 |
6966 | 39.142411 | −111.452546 | WMT | 2889.5 | 27.9 | EUT | 222 | 39.8 | 12.0 | 1 | 9 | 0 | 0.774 | 0.234 | 0.315 | 1.232 |
6970 | 44.796705 | −116.732688 | WMT | 2154.4 | 12.4 | OLI | 222 | 39.8 | 12.0 | 1 | 13 | 0 | 0.673 | 0.204 | 0.274 | 1.072 |
6971 | 43.191413 | −116.959804 | XER | 1399.8 | 73.0 | EUT | 213 | 31.0 | 11.6 | 1 | 8 | 0 | 0.742 | 0.277 | 0.199 | 1.285 |
6976 | 38.791149 | −105.106361 | WMT | 3147.0 | 10.2 | EUT | 222 | 39.8 | 12.0 | 1 | 4 | 0 | 0.899 | 0.272 | 0.366 | 1.433 |
7020 | 38.078326 | −122.743359 | XER | 51.1 | 335.3 | EUT | 213 | 31.0 | 11.6 | 1 | 36 | 0 | −0.162 | 0.061 | −0.281 | −0.043 |
7057 | 39.204737 | −111.668912 | WMT | 1789.8 | 24.8 | EUT | 222 | 39.8 | 12.0 | 1 | 30 | 0 | 0.246 | 0.074 | 0.100 | 0.391 |
7097 | 38.788187 | −111.774878 | WMT | 2203.2 | 6.7 | EUT | 222 | 39.8 | 12.0 | 1 | 15 | 0 | 0.623 | 0.188 | 0.254 | 0.992 |
7100 | 43.965218 | −122.683968 | WMT | 255.3 | 709.5 | EUT | 222 | 39.8 | 12.0 | 1 | 37 | 0 | 0.070 | 0.021 | 0.028 | 0.111 |
7105 | 41.110516 | −82.083872 | NAP | 258.0 | 21.0 | EUT | 225 | 46.0 | 13.8 | 1 | 28 | 0 | 0.391 | 0.118 | 0.160 | 0.622 |
7108 | 30.963438 | −95.903504 | CPL | 86.9 | 27.3 | EUT | 327 | 28.4 | 16.6 | 1 | 27 | 0 | 0.050 | 0.029 | −0.007 | 0.107 |
7109 | 32.072696 | −97.129773 | SPL | 186.9 | 12.6 | EUT | 176 | 26.1 | 13.1 | 1 | 24 | 0 | 0.082 | 0.041 | 0.001 | 0.163 |
7136 | 41.633291 | −118.389357 | XER | 1311.6 | 15.4 | EUT | 213 | 31.0 | 11.6 | 1 | 23 | 0 | 0.258 | 0.096 | 0.069 | 0.446 |
7205 | 32.240254 | −101.313303 | SPL | 711.1 | 56.8 | OLI | 176 | 26.1 | 13.1 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 0.924 | 0.464 | 0.015 | 1.832 |
7207 | 42.157825 | −122.607634 | WMT | 684.2 | 256.5 | EUT | 222 | 39.8 | 12.0 | 1 | 26 | 0 | 0.346 | 0.105 | 0.141 | 0.551 |
7226 | 42.130013 | −122.478277 | WMT | 1344.3 | 4.4 | EUT | 222 | 39.8 | 12.0 | 1 | 19 | 0 | 0.522 | 0.158 | 0.213 | 0.832 |
7228 | 34.227816 | −86.843449 | SAP | 247.0 | 73.0 | EUT | 344 | 45.8 | 15.1 | 1 | 44 | 0 | 0.039 | 0.013 | 0.014 | 0.065 |
7229 | 40.631585 | −120.002870 | XER | 1329.5 | 37.1 | EUT | 213 | 31.0 | 11.6 | 1 | 20 | 0 | 0.354 | 0.132 | 0.095 | 0.614 |
7232 | 40.703407 | −83.378745 | TPL | 269.7 | 102.7 | EUT | 209 | 32.0 | 12.9 | 1 | 17 | 0 | 0.468 | 0.189 | 0.099 | 0.838 |
7276 | 41.168583 | −119.817451 | XER | 1560.8 | 28.9 | OLI | 213 | 31.0 | 11.6 | 1 | 9 | 0 | 0.710 | 0.265 | 0.190 | 1.229 |
7294 | 39.056042 | −82.690673 | SAP | 211.5 | 65.1 | EUT | 344 | 45.8 | 15.1 | 1 | 47 | 0 | −0.026 | 0.009 | −0.043 | −0.009 |
7304 | 31.587497 | −98.622503 | SPL | 448.8 | 27.8 | EUT | 176 | 26.1 | 13.1 | 1 | 36 | 0 | −0.377 | 0.189 | −0.748 | −0.006 |
7306 | 39.241149 | −117.165818 | XER | 2255.5 | 5.8 | EUT | 213 | 31.0 | 11.6 | 1 | 19 | 0 | 0.387 | 0.144 | 0.104 | 0.670 |
7325 | 40.337080 | −105.126694 | SPL | 1562.4 | 189.8 | EUT | 176 | 26.1 | 13.1 | 1 | 19 | 0 | 0.273 | 0.137 | 0.004 | 0.542 |
7368 | 32.515869 | −87.861085 | CPL | 22.3 | 4731.5 | EUT | 327 | 28.4 | 16.6 | 1 | 29 | 0 | −0.021 | 0.012 | −0.044 | 0.003 |
7369 | 41.035420 | −96.837727 | TPL | 391.7 | 29.2 | EUT | 209 | 32.0 | 12.9 | 1 | 26 | 0 | 0.187 | 0.075 | 0.039 | 0.334 |
7375 | 33.364862 | −88.166880 | CPL | 78.1 | 5.6 | EUT | 327 | 28.4 | 16.6 | 1 | 45 | 0 | −0.584 | 0.342 | −1.254 | 0.086 |
7392 | 34.534351 | −92.268826 | CPL | 74.1 | 105.8 | EUT | 327 | 28.4 | 16.6 | 1 | 26 | 0 | 0.085 | 0.050 | −0.013 | 0.182 |
7402 | 34.284778 | −97.170972 | SPL | 245.4 | 160.7 | EUT | 176 | 26.1 | 13.1 | 1 | 39 | 0 | −0.492 | 0.247 | −0.975 | −0.008 |
7405 | 40.328099 | −96.532001 | TPL | 425.9 | 32.1 | EUT | 209 | 32.0 | 12.9 | 1 | 25 | 0 | 0.218 | 0.088 | 0.046 | 0.390 |
7409 | 33.075563 | −92.660596 | CPL | 55.4 | 7.3 | EUT | 327 | 28.4 | 16.6 | 1 | 31 | 0 | −0.091 | 0.053 | −0.196 | 0.013 |
7459 | 33.882010 | −85.931618 | SAP | 171.0 | 18.1 | EUT | 344 | 45.8 | 15.1 | 1 | 39 | 0 | 0.148 | 0.049 | 0.052 | 0.244 |
7471 | 46.040623 | −110.692175 | NPL | 1556.2 | 96.7 | EUT | 179 | 29.4 | 10.1 | 1 | 23 | 0 | 0.219 | 0.075 | 0.071 | 0.366 |
7472 | 46.624624 | −110.738336 | NPL | 1672.9 | 150.7 | EUT | 179 | 29.4 | 10.1 | 1 | 25 | 0 | 0.151 | 0.052 | 0.049 | 0.252 |
7533 | 43.078399 | −112.693659 | XER | 1338.8 | 21.3 | EUT | 213 | 31.0 | 11.6 | 1 | 14 | 0 | 0.548 | 0.205 | 0.147 | 0.949 |
7572 | 40.372482 | −84.340110 | TPL | 291.8 | 327.1 | EUT | 209 | 32.0 | 12.9 | 1 | 22 | 0 | 0.312 | 0.126 | 0.066 | 0.558 |
7579 | 39.608156 | −84.971507 | TPL | 254.8 | 72.8 | EUT | 209 | 32.0 | 12.9 | 1 | 21 | 0 | 0.343 | 0.138 | 0.072 | 0.614 |
7643 | 39.706824 | −111.293369 | WMT | 2569.0 | 31.5 | EUT | 222 | 39.8 | 12.0 | 1 | 29 | 0 | 0.271 | 0.082 | 0.110 | 0.431 |
7652 | 40.176639 | −84.265220 | TPL | 275.4 | 15.3 | EUT | 209 | 32.0 | 12.9 | 1 | 29 | 0 | 0.093 | 0.037 | 0.020 | 0.166 |
7684 | 37.673281 | −107.112778 | WMT | 3530.5 | 2.1 | EUT | 222 | 39.8 | 12.0 | 1 | 19 | 0 | 0.522 | 0.158 | 0.213 | 0.832 |
7686 | 37.316232 | −107.112994 | WMT | 2348.4 | 35.2 | EUT | 222 | 39.8 | 12.0 | 1 | 34 | 0 | 0.145 | 0.044 | 0.059 | 0.231 |
7698 | 41.152339 | −110.824953 | XER | 2180.1 | 90.9 | EUT | 213 | 31.0 | 11.6 | 1 | 8 | 0 | 0.742 | 0.277 | 0.199 | 1.285 |
7713 | 46.118216 | −113.374640 | WMT | 1847.6 | 152.3 | EUT | 222 | 39.8 | 12.0 | 1 | 26 | 0 | 0.346 | 0.105 | 0.141 | 0.551 |
7800 | 41.677573 | −73.144698 | NAP | 198.8 | 56.2 | EUT | 225 | 46.0 | 13.8 | 1 | 51 | 0 | −0.109 | 0.033 | −0.174 | −0.045 |
7810 | 43.413998 | −119.410472 | XER | 1268.6 | 107.8 | EUT | 213 | 31.0 | 11.6 | 1 | 10 | 0 | 0.677 | 0.253 | 0.181 | 1.173 |
7812 | 35.562459 | −93.637568 | SAP | 203.7 | 44.7 | EUT | 344 | 45.8 | 15.1 | 1 | 28 | 0 | 0.389 | 0.128 | 0.137 | 0.640 |
8016 | 33.829304 | −109.090421 | WMT | 2403.4 | 48.4 | EUT | 222 | 39.8 | 12.0 | 1 | 17 | 0 | 0.573 | 0.173 | 0.233 | 0.912 |
8121 | 36.067203 | −91.142428 | SAP | 82.7 | 222.6 | EUT | 344 | 45.8 | 15.1 | 1 | 26 | 0 | 0.432 | 0.143 | 0.153 | 0.712 |
8144 | 35.583189 | −90.962941 | CPL | 69.0 | 95.9 | EUT | 327 | 28.4 | 16.6 | 1 | 21 | 0 | 0.261 | 0.153 | −0.038 | 0.560 |
8151 | 41.088461 | −82.729015 | TPL | 249.8 | 80.7 | EUT | 209 | 32.0 | 12.9 | 1 | 26 | 0 | 0.187 | 0.075 | 0.039 | 0.334 |
8184 | 40.055586 | −105.747080 | WMT | 3029.0 | 51.0 | EUT | 222 | 39.8 | 12.0 | 1 | 17 | 0 | 0.573 | 0.173 | 0.233 | 0.912 |
8207 | 39.653475 | −82.473781 | SAP | 240.2 | 47.7 | EUT | 344 | 45.8 | 15.1 | 1 | 44 | 0 | 0.039 | 0.013 | 0.014 | 0.065 |
8250 | 48.380621 | −110.985266 | NPL | 913.5 | 9.5 | EUT | 179 | 29.4 | 10.1 | 1 | 20 | 0 | 0.321 | 0.110 | 0.105 | 0.537 |
8256 | 39.775971 | −81.522472 | SAP | 241.9 | 24.2 | EUT | 344 | 45.8 | 15.1 | 1 | 36 | 0 | 0.214 | 0.071 | 0.076 | 0.352 |
8278 | 48.026569 | −109.623760 | NPL | 1128.8 | 9.8 | EUT | 179 | 29.4 | 10.1 | 1 | 27 | 0 | 0.083 | 0.028 | 0.027 | 0.138 |
8325 | 37.416782 | −108.405651 | WMT | 2213.0 | 65.4 | EUT | 222 | 39.8 | 12.0 | 1 | 14 | 0 | 0.648 | 0.196 | 0.264 | 1.032 |
8342 | 32.056309 | −96.731783 | SPL | 162.6 | 5.5 | EUT | 176 | 26.1 | 13.1 | 1 | 34 | 0 | −0.300 | 0.151 | −0.596 | −0.005 |
8360 | 40.674602 | −110.970699 | WMT | 3043.5 | 39.4 | OLI | 222 | 39.8 | 12.0 | 1 | 15 | 0 | 0.623 | 0.188 | 0.254 | 0.992 |
8395 | 40.889268 | −109.846108 | WMT | 2622.7 | 32.5 | EUT | 222 | 39.8 | 12.0 | 1 | 24 | 0 | 0.397 | 0.120 | 0.161 | 0.632 |
8409 | 39.720767 | −86.720223 | TPL | 255.2 | 124.2 | EUT | 209 | 32.0 | 12.9 | 1 | 30 | 0 | 0.062 | 0.025 | 0.013 | 0.110 |
8413 | 31.910344 | −95.301856 | CPL | 129.5 | 481.4 | EUT | 327 | 28.4 | 16.6 | 1 | 38 | 0 | −0.337 | 0.198 | −0.725 | 0.050 |
8414 | 40.121695 | −104.945911 | SPL | 1509.8 | 24.7 | EUT | 176 | 26.1 | 13.1 | 1 | 6 | 0 | 0.771 | 0.387 | 0.012 | 1.529 |
8416 | 38.939348 | −91.282857 | TPL | 226.5 | 4.3 | EUT | 209 | 32.0 | 12.9 | 1 | 37 | 0 | −0.157 | 0.063 | −0.282 | −0.033 |
8427 | 44.698479 | −87.499926 | UMW | 179.8 | 35.5 | EUT | 167 | 39.3 | 12.7 | 1 | 30 | 0 | 0.237 | 0.077 | 0.087 | 0.388 |
8435 | 47.876688 | −107.125232 | NPL | 758.1 | 13.8 | EUT | 179 | 29.4 | 10.1 | 1 | 14 | 0 | 0.524 | 0.180 | 0.171 | 0.878 |
8437 | 42.646907 | −72.218497 | NAP | 195.1 | 138.4 | EUT | 225 | 46.0 | 13.8 | 1 | 40 | 0 | 0.130 | 0.039 | 0.053 | 0.206 |
8443 | 41.812487 | −70.638227 | CPL | 13.7 | 10.8 | EUT | 327 | 28.4 | 16.6 | 1 | 42 | 0 | −0.478 | 0.280 | −1.027 | 0.071 |
8480 | 30.006973 | −96.709810 | SPL | 109.8 | 21.4 | EUT | 176 | 26.1 | 13.1 | 1 | 39 | 0 | −0.492 | 0.247 | −0.975 | −0.008 |
8487 | 39.661693 | −84.646207 | TPL | 287.3 | 7.1 | EUT | 209 | 32.0 | 12.9 | 1 | 20 | 0 | 0.374 | 0.151 | 0.079 | 0.670 |
8494 | 41.989559 | −71.205066 | NAP | 30.9 | 202.4 | EUT | 225 | 46.0 | 13.8 | 1 | 40 | 0 | 0.130 | 0.039 | 0.053 | 0.206 |
8495 | 46.941268 | −119.278530 | XER | 263.5 | 53.1 | EUT | 213 | 31.0 | 11.6 | 1 | 34 | 0 | −0.097 | 0.036 | −0.169 | −0.026 |
8504 | 38.070619 | −111.375127 | WMT | 3074.1 | 11.2 | EUT | 222 | 39.8 | 12.0 | 1 | 9 | 0 | 0.774 | 0.234 | 0.315 | 1.232 |
8614 | 36.044443 | −85.586295 | SAP | 269.0 | 30.2 | EUT | 344 | 45.8 | 15.1 | 1 | 22 | 0 | 0.520 | 0.171 | 0.184 | 0.856 |
8635 | 40.495536 | −83.899880 | TPL | 303.7 | 2018.9 | EUT | 209 | 32.0 | 12.9 | 1 | 21 | 0 | 0.343 | 0.138 | 0.072 | 0.614 |
8765 | 37.595562 | −112.254669 | WMT | 2389.9 | 70.2 | EUT | 222 | 39.8 | 12.0 | 1 | 25 | 0 | 0.371 | 0.112 | 0.151 | 0.592 |
8766 | 40.863781 | −109.811815 | WMT | 2528.1 | 18.1 | EUT | 222 | 39.8 | 12.0 | 1 | 13 | 0 | 0.673 | 0.204 | 0.274 | 1.072 |
8777 | 39.360351 | −111.963708 | XER | 1521.4 | 3220.7 | EUT | 213 | 31.0 | 11.6 | 1 | 3 | 0 | 0.903 | 0.337 | 0.242 | 1.565 |
8811 | 31.331826 | −97.268438 | SPL | 180.5 | 14.8 | EUT | 176 | 26.1 | 13.1 | 1 | 41 | 0 | −0.568 | 0.285 | −1.127 | −0.009 |
1000019 | 43.460190 | −116.141301 | XER | 973.1 | 33.4 | EUT | 213 | 31.0 | 11.6 | 1 | 25 | 0 | 0.193 | 0.072 | 0.052 | 0.334 |
1000025 | 43.198407 | −114.599726 | XER | 1678.7 | 44.6 | EUT | 213 | 31.0 | 11.6 | 1 | 27 | 0 | 0.129 | 0.048 | 0.034 | 0.223 |
1000029 | 42.677045 | −113.407296 | XER | 1278.7 | 3395.5 | EUT | 213 | 31.0 | 11.6 | 1 | 12 | 0 | 0.613 | 0.229 | 0.164 | 1.061 |
1000030 | 42.206372 | −114.878852 | XER | 1593.0 | 393.0 | EUT | 213 | 31.0 | 11.6 | 1 | 20 | 0 | 0.354 | 0.132 | 0.095 | 0.614 |
1000068 | 46.206071 | −116.834367 | XER | 1034.1 | 38.1 | EUT | 213 | 31.0 | 11.6 | 1 | 22 | 0 | 0.290 | 0.108 | 0.078 | 0.502 |
1000073 | 35.582330 | −101.717139 | SPL | 894.9 | 6559.4 | EUT | 176 | 26.1 | 13.1 | 1 | 9 | 0 | 0.656 | 0.329 | 0.011 | 1.301 |
1000084 | 41.037407 | −100.775775 | SPL | 916.0 | 641.0 | EUT | 176 | 26.1 | 13.1 | 1 | 15 | 0 | 0.426 | 0.214 | 0.007 | 0.846 |
1000086 | 41.321987 | −98.900675 | SPL | 657.7 | 1117.9 | EUT | 176 | 26.1 | 13.1 | 1 | 15 | 0 | 0.426 | 0.214 | 0.007 | 0.846 |
1000122 | 42.264258 | −116.310496 | XER | 1690.0 | 35.5 | EUT | 213 | 31.0 | 11.6 | 1 | 25 | 0 | 0.193 | 0.072 | 0.052 | 0.334 |
1000126 | 42.531475 | −116.364513 | XER | 1773.6 | 29.4 | EUT | 213 | 31.0 | 11.6 | 1 | 23 | 0 | 0.258 | 0.096 | 0.069 | 0.446 |
1000137 | 42.187306 | −113.924080 | XER | 1444.7 | 407.4 | OLI | 213 | 31.0 | 11.6 | 1 | 11 | 0 | 0.645 | 0.241 | 0.173 | 1.117 |
1000223 | 43.537123 | −90.959353 | UMW | 277.4 | 14.8 | EUT | 167 | 39.3 | 12.7 | 1 | 25 | 0 | 0.364 | 0.118 | 0.133 | 0.595 |
% | [a] | [b] | [c] | [d] | [e] | [f] | [g] | [h] | [i] | [j] | [k] | [l] | [m] | [n] | [o] | Value |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
51 | 0.2 | 14.8 | 5.2 | 0.0 | 9.4 | 0.6 | 0.9 | −0.2 | 3.8 | 0.4 | 4.8 | 5.9 | 1.3 | −0.1 | 3.9 | 51.0 |
45 | 0.2 | 14.8 | 9.4 | 0.6 | 0.9 | −0.2 | 3.8 | 4.8 | 5.9 | 1.3 | −0.1 | 3.9 | 45.4 | |||
25 | 0.2 | 9.4 | 0.9 | −0.2 | 4.8 | 5.9 | −0.1 | 3.9 | 24.9 | |||||||
24 | 9.4 | 4.8 | 5.9 | 3.9 | 24.1 | |||||||||||
11 | 0.9 | 5.9 | −0.1 | 3.9 | 10.7 | |||||||||||
8 | −0.2 | 4.8 | −0.1 | 3.9 | 8.4 | |||||||||||
45 | 14.8 | 9.4 | 0.6 | 3.8 | 4.8 | 5.9 | 1.3 | 3.9 | 44.6 | |||||||
15 | 14.8 | 14.8 | ||||||||||||||
18 | 5.2 | 0.6 | 0.9 | 0.4 | 5.9 | 1.3 | −0.1 | 3.9 | 18.1 | |||||||
14 | 0.0 | −0.2 | 3.8 | 0.4 | 4.8 | 1.3 | −0.1 | 3.9 | 14.0 |
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Matrix | Variable | Definition | Units | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|
Spatial | Latitude | Latitude of reservoir | Decimal degrees | N |
Longitude | Longitude of reservoir | Decimal degrees | N | |
Ecoregion | National Aquatic Resource Surveys (NARS) 9-level reporting regions, based on aggregated Omernik [52] level III ecoregions | - | F | |
Temperature | Annual mean air temperature, specific to ecoregion | °C | N | |
Precipitation | Annual mean precipitations, specific to ecoregion | mm | N | |
Forested | Percentage of land cover in ecoregion that is forested | % | N | |
Cultivated pasture | Percentage of land cover in ecoregion that is cultivated pastures | % | N | |
Wetlands | Percentage of land cover in ecoregion that is wetlands | % | N | |
Grassland and shrubs | Percentage of land cover in ecoregion that is grasslands and shrubs | % | N | |
Developed | Percentage of land cover in ecoregion that is developed | % | N | |
Water or barren | Percentage of land cover in ecoregion that is water or barren | % | N | |
Physical | Area | Surface area of reservoir | ha | N |
Elevation | Elevation reservoir coordinates | m | N | |
Macrophytes | Index of total cover of aquatic macrophytes of reservoir | - | N | |
Shallow water | Shallow water habitat condition indicator | - | N | |
Riparian vegetation | Riparian vegetation condition indicator | - | N | |
Chemical | Trophic state | Trophic state of reservoir (oligotrophic and eutrophic) | - | F |
Secchi | Secchi depth | m | N | |
DOC | Dissolved Organic Carbon level | mg/L | N | |
PTL | Total Phosphorus Level | µg/L | N | |
Color | Water color | PCU | N | |
Conductivity | Water conductivity level | µs/cm | N | |
NTL | Total Nitrogen Level | mg/L | N | |
pH | pH level | pH scale | N | |
Methylmercury | Top sediment methylmercury level | ng/L | N | |
Chl-α | Chlorophyll-α measurement result of reservoir | µg/L | N | |
Human | Buildings | Human influence by buildings around reservoir shoreline | - | N |
Commercial | Human influence by commercial activities around reservoir shoreline | - | N | |
Crops | Human influence by crops around reservoir shoreline | - | N | |
Docks | Human influence by docks around reservoir shoreline | - | N | |
Landfill | Human Influence by landfill around reservoir shoreline | - | N | |
Lawn | Human influence by lawn around reservoir shoreline | - | N | |
Park | Human influence by parks around reservoir shoreline | - | N | |
Pasture | Human influence by pastures around reservoir shoreline | - | N | |
Powerlines | Human influence by powerlines around reservoir shoreline | - | N | |
Roads | Human influence by roads around reservoir shoreline | - | N | |
Walls | Human influence by walls around reservoir shoreline | - | N | |
Other | Human influence by other around reservoir shoreline | - | N |
Models | Non-Significant Variables | ΔAIC | BIC |
---|---|---|---|
(A) PDF~bint + bELE*sqrt(ELE) + bAREA*log10(AREA) + bT.S.*T.S. + bPH*PH + bLAWN*log10(LAWN) + bROAD*log10(ROAD) | PH §, LAWN and ROAD | 2 | 27 |
(B) PDF~bint + bELE*sqrt(ELE) + bAREA*log10(AREA) + bT.S.*T.S. + bPH*PH + bLAWN*log10(LAWN) | PH § and LAWN | 1 | 24 |
(C) PDF~bint + bELE*sqrt(ELE) + bAREA*log10(AREA) + bT.S.*T.S. + bPH*PH | PH § | 0 | 20 |
(D) PDF~bint + bELE*sqrt(ELE) + bAREA*log10(AREA) + bT.S.*T.S. | None | 2 | 20 |
(E) PDF~bint + bELE*sqrt(ELE) + bAREA*log10(AREA) | None | 8 | 23 |
(F) PDF~bint + bELE*sqrt(ELE) | None | 19 | 32 |
(G) PDF~bint | - | 52 | 63 |
Ecoregion or Country | Mean Nat. Riv. Richness | ±SD | n.riv | Mean Imp. Res. Richness | ±SD | PDF · m2·yr/m2·yr | ±SD | ±95% CI | n.res |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
USA | 35.9 | 15.5 | 2062 | 25.7 | 10.4 | 0.284 | 0.168 | 0.028 | 134 |
CPL | 28.4 | 16.6 | 327 | 32.9 | 7.9 | −0.158 | −0.100 | −0.059 | 11 |
SPL | 26.1 | 13.1 | 176 | 26.7 | 11.8 | −0.021 | −0.014 | −0.006 | 24 |
NAP | 46.0 | 13.8 | 225 | 39.8 | 9.4 | 0.135 | 0.052 | 0.051 | 4 |
TPL | 32.0 | 12.9 | 209 | 27.5 | 7.7 | 0.141 | 0.069 | 0.035 | 15 |
NPL | 29.4 | 10.1 | 179 | 23.5 | 6.6 | 0.202 | 0.090 | 0.062 | 8 |
SAP | 45.8 | 15.1 | 344 | 35.9 | 8.8 | 0.216 | 0.089 | 0.050 | 12 |
UMW | 39.3 | 12.7 | 167 | 27.5 | 3.5 | 0.301 | 0.105 | 0.145 | 2 |
XER | 31.0 | 11.6 | 213 | 19.7 | 7.9 | 0.363 | 0.199 | 0.073 | 29 |
WMT | 39.8 | 12.0 | 222 | 21.3 | 8.6 | 0.464 | 0.235 | 0.086 | 29 |
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Trottier, G.; Turgeon, K.; Verones, F.; Boisclair, D.; Bulle, C.; Margni, M. Empirical Characterization Factors for Life Cycle Assessment of the Impacts of Reservoir Occupation on Macroinvertebrate Richness across the United States. Sustainability 2021, 13, 2701. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13052701
Trottier G, Turgeon K, Verones F, Boisclair D, Bulle C, Margni M. Empirical Characterization Factors for Life Cycle Assessment of the Impacts of Reservoir Occupation on Macroinvertebrate Richness across the United States. Sustainability. 2021; 13(5):2701. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13052701
Chicago/Turabian StyleTrottier, Gabrielle, Katrine Turgeon, Francesca Verones, Daniel Boisclair, Cécile Bulle, and Manuele Margni. 2021. "Empirical Characterization Factors for Life Cycle Assessment of the Impacts of Reservoir Occupation on Macroinvertebrate Richness across the United States" Sustainability 13, no. 5: 2701. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13052701