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Sustainability
Volume 13
Issue 14
10.3390/su13147959
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Article

On-Farm Grain Storage and Challenges in Bagmati Province, Nepal

by
Pragya Kandel
1,†,
Kabita Kharel
2,†,
Anastasia Njoroge
1,
Bradley W. Smith
1,
Jorge R. Díaz-Valderrama
1,
Ram H. Timilsina
3,
Gokul P. Paudel
4 and
Dieudonne Baributsa
1,*
1
Department of Entomology, Purdue University, 901 W. State Street, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
2
Department of Biological Sciences, Murray State University, Murray, KY 42071, USA
3
Department of Agricultural Extension and Rural Sociology, Agriculture and Forestry University, Chitwan P.O. Box 13712, Nepal
4
International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Kathmandu P.O. Box 5186, Nepal
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
First authors.
Academic Editor: Riccardo Testa
Sustainability 2021, 13(14), 7959; https://doi.org/10.3390/su13147959
Received: 25 May 2021 / Revised: 8 July 2021 / Accepted: 13 July 2021 / Published: 16 July 2021
(This article belongs to the Section Sustainable Urban and Rural Development)
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Abstract

Farmers in Nepal lose up to one-third of stored grain to pests and diseases. This results in food insecurity and loss of income. To mitigate these losses, farmers use several approaches including pesticide applications on stored grains. We interviewed 241 farmers in Bagmati Province, Nepal, to assess the current on-farm grain storage practices and challenges to improve postharvest management. The results show that rice was the most stored crop (median 1150 kg). About half of farmers stored for at least nine months and grain was mainly used for home consumption. Grain was stored by 66.5 and 69.8% of farmers in granaries (rice) and plastic drums (legumes), respectively. Insects were the most important challenge during storage, and farmers used pesticides to control them. Farmers were more likely to use insecticide on grain (p = 0.000) if they stored rice, used traditional granaries, and had insect damage during storage. The use of improved storage methods (e.g., hermetic bags) was very low for rice (3.5%). There is a need to improve on-farm grain storage by disseminating storage innovations to address postharvest challenges in important crops such as rice. View Full-Text
Keywords: grain storage; insect pests; losses; hermetic storage; extension services; Dhading/Chitwan grain storage; insect pests; losses; hermetic storage; extension services; Dhading/Chitwan
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MDPI and ACS Style

Kandel, P.; Kharel, K.; Njoroge, A.; Smith, B.W.; Díaz-Valderrama, J.R.; Timilsina, R.H.; Paudel, G.P.; Baributsa, D. On-Farm Grain Storage and Challenges in Bagmati Province, Nepal. Sustainability 2021, 13, 7959. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13147959

AMA Style

Kandel P, Kharel K, Njoroge A, Smith BW, Díaz-Valderrama JR, Timilsina RH, Paudel GP, Baributsa D. On-Farm Grain Storage and Challenges in Bagmati Province, Nepal. Sustainability. 2021; 13(14):7959. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13147959

Chicago/Turabian Style

Kandel, Pragya, Kabita Kharel, Anastasia Njoroge, Bradley W. Smith, Jorge R. Díaz-Valderrama, Ram H. Timilsina, Gokul P. Paudel, and Dieudonne Baributsa. 2021. "On-Farm Grain Storage and Challenges in Bagmati Province, Nepal" Sustainability 13, no. 14: 7959. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13147959

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