Next Article in Journal
Walkability Perception in Asian Cities: A Comparative Study in Bangkok and Nagoya
Next Article in Special Issue
The Impact of Corruption and Rent-Seeking Behavior upon Economic Wealth in the European Union from a Public Choice Approach
Previous Article in Journal
Energy Cost Performance of Thermal Power Industry in China Considering Regional Heterogeneity: A Meta-Frontier Cost Malmquist Productivity Decomposition Approach
Previous Article in Special Issue
Government Spending and Economic Growth: A Cointegration Analysis on Romania
 
 
Search for Articles:
Title / Keyword
Author / Affiliation / Email
Journal
Article Type
 
 
Advanced Search
 
Section
Special Issue
Volume
Issue
Number
Page
 
Journals
Sustainability
Volume 13
Issue 12
10.3390/su13126824
sustainability-logo
Submit to this Journal Review for this Journal Propose a Special Issue
► Article Menu

Article Menu

share Share announcement Help format_quote Cite question_answer Discuss in SciProfiles
first_page
settings
Order Article Reprints
Font Type:
Arial Georgia Verdana
Font Size:
Aa Aa Aa
Line Spacing:
Column Width:
Background:
Article

The Nexus between Sustainable Economic Development and Government Health Expenditure in Asian Countries Based on Ecological Footprint Consumption

by
Durdana Qaiser Gillani
1,
Syed Ahmad Saad Gillani
1,
Muhammad Zahid Naeem
2,
Cristi Spulbar
3,*,
Elizabeth Coker-Farrell
4,
Abdullah Ejaz
5 and
Ramona Birau
6
1
Department of Economics, The University of Lahore, Lahore 56000, Pakistan
2
UBD School of Business and Economics, University of Brunei Darussalam (UBD), Gadong BE-1410, Brunei
3
Faculty of Economics and Business Administration, University of Craiova, 200585 Craiova, Romania
4
Faculty of Management, Concordia University of Edmonton, Edmonton, AB T5B 4E4, Canada
5
Accounting Department, Bredin College of Business and Health Care, Edmonton, AB T5J 0K1, Canada
6
Faculty of Education Science, Law and Public Administration, C-tin Brancusi University of Targu Jiu, 210135 Targu Jiu, Romania
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Sustainability 2021, 13(12), 6824; https://doi.org/10.3390/su13126824
Submission received: 9 April 2021 / Revised: 4 June 2021 / Accepted: 9 June 2021 / Published: 16 June 2021
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Fiscal Policy, the Theory and its Role in a Future Sustainable Economy Development)
Browse Figures
Versions Notes

Abstract

Health has vital importance in maintaining economic development since it is essential for, and a result of, economic development. This indicates that health makes a large contribution in achieving sustainable development and health outcomes. The significance of health is shown in the millennium development goals (MDGs) and in the sustainable development goals (SDGs), where four of the seventeen objectives focus on improving health outcomes (UN, 2021). As compared to other countries, some Asian countries are still worse off regarding health outcomes and are facing challenges in achieving positive outcomes for such goals. This study mainly focuses on identifying the link between public health expenditures and health outcomes in nine Asian economies from 2000 to 2018. The study implements fixed effects panel data estimations by using the Hausman specification test to identify the fixed effects model as the suitable estimator for the study. The empirical results from the fixed effects technique show that immunization, GDP per capita, trade openness, and utilization of basic water service facilities improve under-five and infant mortality in Asian economies. However, ecological footprint increases under-five and infant deaths by damaging the environment.
Keywords: government health expenditures; immunization; ecological footprint consumption; Asian economies; child mortality; public financing; developing countries government health expenditures; immunization; ecological footprint consumption; Asian economies; child mortality; public financing; developing countries

Share and Cite

MDPI and ACS Style

Qaiser Gillani, D.; Gillani, S.A.S.; Naeem, M.Z.; Spulbar, C.; Coker-Farrell, E.; Ejaz, A.; Birau, R. The Nexus between Sustainable Economic Development and Government Health Expenditure in Asian Countries Based on Ecological Footprint Consumption. Sustainability 2021, 13, 6824. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13126824

AMA Style

Qaiser Gillani D, Gillani SAS, Naeem MZ, Spulbar C, Coker-Farrell E, Ejaz A, Birau R. The Nexus between Sustainable Economic Development and Government Health Expenditure in Asian Countries Based on Ecological Footprint Consumption. Sustainability. 2021; 13(12):6824. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13126824

Chicago/Turabian Style

Qaiser Gillani, Durdana, Syed Ahmad Saad Gillani, Muhammad Zahid Naeem, Cristi Spulbar, Elizabeth Coker-Farrell, Abdullah Ejaz, and Ramona Birau. 2021. "The Nexus between Sustainable Economic Development and Government Health Expenditure in Asian Countries Based on Ecological Footprint Consumption" Sustainability 13, no. 12: 6824. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13126824

APA Style

Qaiser Gillani, D., Gillani, S. A. S., Naeem, M. Z., Spulbar, C., Coker-Farrell, E., Ejaz, A., & Birau, R. (2021). The Nexus between Sustainable Economic Development and Government Health Expenditure in Asian Countries Based on Ecological Footprint Consumption. Sustainability, 13(12), 6824. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13126824

Note that from the first issue of 2016, this journal uses article numbers instead of page numbers. See further details here.

Article Metrics

Back to TopTop