Waste Valorization through Additive Manufacturing in an Industrial Symbiosis Setting
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UNIDEMI, Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology (FCT), Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
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Sustainability 2021, 13(1), 234; https://doi.org/10.3390/su13010234
Received: 18 November 2020 / Revised: 17 December 2020 / Accepted: 24 December 2020 / Published: 29 December 2020
(This article belongs to the Section Economic and Business Aspects of Sustainability)
Given the current environmental concerns related to manufacturing, the introduction to the industrial symbiosis concept brought purpose to waste, instead of disposing it in landfills or eliminating it through incineration. The waste generated by industrial processes, or end-of-life products, is redirected to be used as a “new” input in another process by one or more organizations, which is a mutual benefit or a “symbiosis”. Despite its relevancy, the industrial symbiosis concept is marginally explored in the context of additive manufacturing; this emerging technology has disruptive potential regarding the use of different materials as secondary raw materials. This paper presents a systematic literature review regarding industrial symbiosis and additive manufacturing. The main objective is to identify how wastes can be used as input materials to additive manufacturing processes and what exchanges of resources occur in an industrial symbiosis setting. A final sample of 32 documents was reached and analyzed. Five examples of using waste streams in additive manufacturing processes to produce goods were highlighted and explored.
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Keywords:
circular economy; industrial symbiosis; additive manufacturing; literature review; 4R; waste; 3D printing
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MDPI and ACS Style
Ferreira, I.A.; Godina, R.; Carvalho, H. Waste Valorization through Additive Manufacturing in an Industrial Symbiosis Setting. Sustainability 2021, 13, 234. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13010234
AMA Style
Ferreira IA, Godina R, Carvalho H. Waste Valorization through Additive Manufacturing in an Industrial Symbiosis Setting. Sustainability. 2021; 13(1):234. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13010234
Chicago/Turabian StyleFerreira, Inês A., Radu Godina, and Helena Carvalho. 2021. "Waste Valorization through Additive Manufacturing in an Industrial Symbiosis Setting" Sustainability 13, no. 1: 234. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13010234
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