Quantifying Changes in Plant Species Diversity in a Savanna Ecosystem Through Observed and Remotely Sensed Data
1
Department of Physics, Geography and Environmental Science, Great Zimbabwe University, Masvingo 1235, Zimbabwe
2
Department of Environmental Sciences, University of South Africa (UNISA), Johannesburg 1710, South Africa
3
Water Research Commission of South Africa, 4 Daventry Road, Lynwood Manor, Pretoria 0081, South Africa
4
Centre for Transformative Agricultural and Food Systems, School of Agricultural, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Scottsville 3209, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa
5
Biological Institute, Tomsk State University, Tomsk 634050, Russia
6
Konrad Lorenz Institute for Evolution and Cognition Research, 3400 Klosterneuburg, Austria
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Sustainability 2020, 12(6), 2345; https://doi.org/10.3390/su12062345
Received: 16 February 2020 / Revised: 8 March 2020 / Accepted: 11 March 2020 / Published: 17 March 2020
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Remote Sensing Application for Environmental Sustainability)
This study examined the impact of climate change on plant species diversity of a savanna ecosystem, through an assessment of climatic trends over a period of forty years (1974–2014) using Masvingo Province, Zimbabwe, as a case study. The normalised difference vegetation index (NDVI) was used as a proxy for plant species diversity to cover for the absence of long-term historical plant diversity data. Observed precipitation and temperature data collected over the review period were compared with the trends in NDVI to understand the impact of climate change on plant species diversity over time. The nonaligned block sampling design was used as the sampling framework, from which 198 sampling plots were identified. Data sources included satellite images, field measurements, and direct observations. Temperature and precipitation had significant (p < 0.05) trends over the period under study. However, the trend for seasonal total precipitation was not significant but declining. Significant correlations (p < 0.001) were identified between various climate variables and the Shannon index of diversity. NDVI was also significantly correlated to the Shannon index of diversity. The declining trend of plant species in savanna ecosystems is directly linked to the decreasing precipitation and increasing temperatures.
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MDPI and ACS Style
Chapungu, L.; Nhamo, L.; Gatti, R.C.; Chitakira, M. Quantifying Changes in Plant Species Diversity in a Savanna Ecosystem Through Observed and Remotely Sensed Data. Sustainability 2020, 12, 2345.
AMA Style
Chapungu L, Nhamo L, Gatti RC, Chitakira M. Quantifying Changes in Plant Species Diversity in a Savanna Ecosystem Through Observed and Remotely Sensed Data. Sustainability. 2020; 12(6):2345.
Chicago/Turabian StyleChapungu, Lazarus; Nhamo, Luxon; Gatti, Roberto C.; Chitakira, Munyaradzi. 2020. "Quantifying Changes in Plant Species Diversity in a Savanna Ecosystem Through Observed and Remotely Sensed Data" Sustainability 12, no. 6: 2345.
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