The Impact of Measures Recommended by the Government to Limit the Spread of Coronavirus (COVID-19) on Physical Activity Levels, Quality of Life, and Mental Health of Brazilians
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Methods
3. Sample
4. Questionnaire
International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ)
5. Short form Survey-36 (SF-36)
6. Stress Perception Scale
7. Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR)
8. Analyses
9. Results
10. Discussion
11. Mitigation Strategies to Keep Active
12. Children and Adolescents
13. Adults and Elderly
14. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Variables | Children’s | Adolescents | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Sample (N° (%)) | 25 (100%) | 44 (100%) | ||
Female (N° (%)) | 10 (40%) | 25 (57%) | ||
Male (N° (%)) | 15 (60%) | 19 (43%) | ||
Age (Yrs) | 9.56 ± 1.47 | 16.3 ± 1.67 | ||
Stature (cm) | 138.0 ± 8.18 | 159.8 ± 13.7 | ||
Male | Male | |||
Pandemic Moments | ||||
Pré | During | Pré | During | |
Weight (Kg) | 34.0 ± 9.18 | *38.8 ± 8.61 | 52.6 ± 15.8 | *58.4 ± 15.5 |
BMI (kg/m²) | 18.5 ± 7.00 | *21.2 ± 7.10 | 21.2 ± 3.45 | 23.6 ± 2.97 |
BMR (Kcal) | 1328.4 ± 326.0 | 1384.5 ± 302.3 | 1430.5 ± 265.3 | 1497.9 ± 252.6 |
Female | Female | |||
Weight (Kg) | 32.0 ± 5.79 | *36.2 ± 4.34 | 60.4 ± 15.0 | *65.8 ± 14.0 |
BMI (kg/m²) | 16.5± 3.52 | 18.7 ± 3.13 | 22.4 ± 3.72 | 24.4 ± 3.05 |
BMR (Kcal) | 1167.6 ± 54.6 | 1207.5 ± 39.0 | 1450.9 ± 158.9 | 1502.3 ± 150.4 |
Adults | Elderly | |||
Sample (N° (%)) | 310 (100%) | 47 (100%) | ||
Female (N° (%)) | 159 (51%) | 15 (31%) | ||
Male (N° (%)) | 151 (49%) | 32 (69%) | ||
Age (Yrs) | 36.5 ± 11.4 | 66.3 ± 5.07 | ||
Stature (cm) | 164.4 ± 12.7 | 174.0 ± 8.91 | ||
Male | Male | |||
Weight (Kg) | 67.9 ± 18.1 | *72.3 ± 17.4 | 79.0 ± 9.68 | *83.7 ± 9.06 |
BMI (kg/m²) | 24.1 ± 3.72 | *26.9 ± 8.23 | 25.7 ± 2.59 | 27.3 ± 0.54 |
BMR (Kcal) | 1550.7 ± 294.8 | 1614.9 ± 275.6 | 1588.5 ± 239.0 | 1654.9 ± 248.1 |
Female | Female | |||
Weight (Kg) | 64.6 ± 13.9 | *68.1 ± 13.8 | 77.6 ± 7.72 | *81.9 ± 7.88 |
BMI (kg/m²) | 24.1 ± 3.58 | 25.6 ± 3.57 | 28.2 ± 2.63 | 27.6 ± 2.19 |
BMR (Kcal) | 1394.6 ± 139.5 | 1428.6 ± 139.9 | 1391.1 ± 81.4 | 1432.7 ± 88.9 |
Domain—Raw Scale | Children’s | Adolescents | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Pandemic Moments | ||||
Male | Male | |||
Pre | During | Pre | During | |
FC | 90.33 ± 5.81 | *30.9 ± 21.6 | 91.3 ± 3.26 | *24.2 ± 8.10 |
LPA | 96.6 ± 12.9 | *6.45 ± 1.66 | 100.0 ± 0.00 | *0.00 ± 0.00 |
Pain | 76.5 ± 30.6 | *38.3 ± 46.1 | 78.9 ± 27.9 | *40.8 ± 24.3 |
GHS | 61.2 ± 8.96 | *49.8 ± 12.5 | 66.4 ± 17.5 | *50.7 ± 14.2 |
VIT | 66.0 ± 17.7 | *47.0 ± 19.3 | 62.6 ± 18.0 | *40.5 ± 16.1 |
AS | 57.5 ± 28.2 | *32.8 ± 18.3 | 75.0 ± 28.8 | *28.2 ± 13.5 |
EA | 97.7 ± 8.60 | *8.60 ± 2.22 | 94.7 ± 16.7 | *15.2 ± 3.50 |
MH | 68.2 ± 14.7 | *33.0 ± 23.0 | 68.2 ± 17.7 | *35.3 ± 15.8 |
Female | Female | |||
FC | 79.0 ± 9.36 | *28.0 ± 14.6 | 86.2 ± 22.5 | *25.8 ± 9.90 |
LPA | 95.0 ± 15.8 | *0.00 ± 0.00 | 100.0 ± 0.00 | *27.6 ± 8.00 |
Pain | 65.9 ± 21.2 | 54.2 ± 20.0 | 77.0 ± 35.8 | *21.6 ± 9.80 |
GHS | 69.1 ± 55.9 | *69.1 ± 14.7 | 68.3 ± 12.8 | *47.4 ± 10.6 |
VIT | 56.5 ± 18.4 | 56.5 ± 12.2 | 63.2 ± 20.5 | *35.8 ± 11.1 |
AS | 56.2 ± 14.7 | 48.7 ± 16.0 | 75.0 ± 35.1 | *25.0 ± 9.00 |
EA | 96.6 ± 10.5 | *21.0 ± 6.66 | 97.33 ± 9.22 | *15.7 ± 5.33 |
MH | 60.8 ± 15.1 | *40.4 ± 11.8 | 67.5 ± 16.7 | *21.6 ± 6.30 |
Adults | Elderly | |||
Male | Male | |||
FC | 89.6 ± 10.0 | *29.6 ± 5.19 | 86.2 ± 10.7 | *17.1 ± 7.96 |
LPA | 94.3 ± 18.5 | *18.2 ± 5.62 | 97.6 ± 13.2 | *4.41 ± 0.78 |
Pain | 73.3 ± 25.3 | *49.4 ± 9.34 | 79.5 ± 25.2 | *33.2 ± 1.06 |
GHS | 63.5 ± 16.1 | *55.11 ± 18.7 | 63.6 ± 15.3 | *53.6 ± 10.4 |
VIT | 55.5 ± 20.2 | *46.5 ± 15.7 | 58.1 ± 21.0 | *40.3 ± 18.0 |
AS | 66.6 ± 32.4 | *36.3 ± 9.37 | 64.4 ± 32.5 | *28.9 ± 7.39 |
EA | 89.1 ± 23.2 | *19.2 ± 6.62 | 94.7 ± 19.1 | *8.19 ± 2.08 |
MH | 65.0 ± 14.5 | *36.4 ± 3.26 | 67.2 ± 13.2 | 25.0 ± 6.31 |
Female | Female | |||
FC | 86.3 ± 15.1 | *31.1 ± 3.23 | 82.6 ± 21.1 | *29.1 ± 19.6 |
LPA | 90.8 ± 23.6 | *26.3 ± 12.1 | 93.3 ± 25.8 | *6.45 ± 166 |
Pain | 75.6 ± 25.8 | *49.5 ± 9.97 | 67.2 ± 23.8 | *48.2 ± 5.66 |
GHS | 63.3 ± 16.5 | *57.4 ± 17.1 | 56.8 ± 14.2 | *43.2 ± 10.0 |
VIT | 56.4 ± 19.3 | *47.1 ± 16.5 | 49.0 ± 19.8 | 48.0 ± 20.4 |
AS | 67.3 ± 33.0 | *38.2 ± 3.81 | 61.6 ± 31.1 | *25.0 ± 7.54 |
EA | 87.4 ± 22.7 | *27.6 ± 14.2 | 95.5 ± 11.7 | *0.00 ± 0.00 |
MH | 65.4 ± 13.8 | *40.4 ± 16.22 | 60.2 ± 19.4 | *33.3 ± 13.8 |
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de Matos, D.G.; Aidar, F.J.; Almeida-Neto, P.F.d.; Moreira, O.C.; Souza, R.F.d.; Marçal, A.C.; Marcucci-Barbosa, L.S.; Martins Júnior, F.d.A.; Lobo, L.F.; dos Santos, J.L.; et al. The Impact of Measures Recommended by the Government to Limit the Spread of Coronavirus (COVID-19) on Physical Activity Levels, Quality of Life, and Mental Health of Brazilians. Sustainability 2020, 12, 9072. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12219072
de Matos DG, Aidar FJ, Almeida-Neto PFd, Moreira OC, Souza RFd, Marçal AC, Marcucci-Barbosa LS, Martins Júnior FdA, Lobo LF, dos Santos JL, et al. The Impact of Measures Recommended by the Government to Limit the Spread of Coronavirus (COVID-19) on Physical Activity Levels, Quality of Life, and Mental Health of Brazilians. Sustainability. 2020; 12(21):9072. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12219072
Chicago/Turabian Stylede Matos, Dihogo Gama, Felipe J. Aidar, Paulo Francisco de Almeida-Neto, Osvaldo Costa Moreira, Raphael Fabrício de Souza, Anderson Carlos Marçal, Lucas Soares Marcucci-Barbosa, Francisco de Assis Martins Júnior, Lazaro Fernandes Lobo, Jymmys Lopes dos Santos, and et al. 2020. "The Impact of Measures Recommended by the Government to Limit the Spread of Coronavirus (COVID-19) on Physical Activity Levels, Quality of Life, and Mental Health of Brazilians" Sustainability 12, no. 21: 9072. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12219072