In Starting Strong’s Case, We Developed Five SLO’s:
1. First-year students will demonstrate an understanding of Pathways, registration procedures, and requirements for graduation.
2. First-year students will explore their academic, career, and life goals.
3. First-year students will be able to assess their academic performance by the fifth week of class to identify areas that need improvement.
4. First-year students will identify institutional resources that help them overcome academic challenges.
5. First-year students will demonstrate help-seeking behaviors to reach their academic goals.
With the exception of the second one, the Development Team approved all of the SLOs after being proposed by the Teaching, Advising, and Academic Support Resources subcommittees. We also had a Steering Committee, which included the leaders of the subcommittees. They communicated with one another about the progress and challenges of each subcommittee’s work, including their work on the SLO’s. In consultation with the Board of Trustees, the President of Trinity and his Executive Council also approved all of the SLO’s. In the end, SACSCOC’s approved the four SLO’s and QEP without any conditions.
The approved SLO’s had five commonalities. First, they had virtually unanimous support from the administration. Second, they were widely accepted by faculty and staff members working on Starting Strong. Third, there was a shared conception of an appropriate SLO between the administration and faculty/staff, that is, they were consistent with Trinity’s culture. Fourth, the approved SLO’s could be clearly conceptualized and measured. Fifth, they were financially feasible for Trinity to implement.
Some of the SLO’s were easier to develop than others, because they were directly related to student learning. This was the case with SLO’s 1 and 3. For example, SLO 1 seeks for students to understand our curriculum (i.e., Pathways), registration procedures, and the basic requirements for graduation. SLO 1 involves transactional advising—an actor at Trinity transfers key information to the first-year student. The central strategy to accomplish SLO 1 was to hire an Advising Coordinator. In consultation with the Advising and Registration Committee, Academic Affairs, and Chairs of Departments, the Advising Coordinator would standardize the information students receive about first-year advising. It would ensure that there is a certain quality standard, minimizing the possibility of variation in the first-year students’ knowledge of advising and registration information. Two major documents are distributed to all first-year students: The Pathways (the name of Trinity’s curriculum) evaluation form and the First-Year Course Guide. The Pathways curriculum evaluation is a one-page summary of Pathways’ requirements. The First-Year Course Guide provides suggested courses in each department for first-year students and which classes fulfill certain Pathway requirements.
Similarly, SLO 3 was relatively easy to create and develop, because it could show a clear benefit to student learning. Through small syllabi revision grants, faculty are encouraged to use low stakes assignments early in the semester and use “early alerts” (after the fifth week of class) to notify students any areas where they need improvement. There is scholarly consensus (e.g., [
6] (pp. 55, 57), [
7] (p. 103)) that notifying first-year students of deficiencies after midterms may be too late. Members of the Teaching Subcommittee and the Development Team believe that first-year students would benefit from more explicit feedback from their professors earlier in the semester. First-year students may need help interpreting or reacting to instructor feedback with behaviors that support student learning. SLO’s 1 and 3 provide clear guidelines on how to help students change their behavior in advising and teaching. The student-learning outcomes can also be measured.
While more challenging than creating SLO’s 1 and 3, SLO’s 4 and 5 were approved by the Development Team and the President and his Executive Council in consultation with the Board of Trustees. SLO’s 4 and 5 dealt with knowledge and the use of academic support resources by first-year students. Through various strategies, Trinity could show a connection between the knowledge of and the use of academic support resources to improve students learning. The connection between the strategy and the improvement of student learning is vital in the development of the SLO.
SLO 4’s central aim is to provide first-year students with knowledge of the institutional resources available to them when they face academic challenges. This is accomplished in two ways. First, Starting Strong uses strategic marketing by the Student Success Center to faculty members and first-year students about the academic support services available (e.g., the dissemination of information to first-year students and presentations in Trinity University’s Teaching and Learning Collaborative for faculty). Second, Starting Strong decided to strengthen its academic support resources. Recognizing that many of Trinity’s gateway classes were in STEM, we added more tutors, introduced Supplemental Instruction (SI), adopted a software package called ALEKS for our Calculus class, and hired a director for the Quantitative Reasoning and Skills Center. At the heart of the Center will be mathematics placement and tutorial software using artificial intelligence to help students bridge the gap between what they have mastered in high school and what is needed for success in a quantitative college course. The Quantitative and Reasoning Skills Director works with academic departments, Academic Support staff, and Information Technology Services staff to ensure that these needs are met. The Director will also hire, support, and train existing and new tutors in the STEM field.
SLO 5 is the most ambitious in terms of what we expect students to do differently. Our goal is for students to demonstrate help-seeking behaviors in order to meet their academic goals. It is one thing for first-year students to forge strong relationships with first-year advisers, receive earlier and clearer feedback on graded work in first-year classes, and have access to exemplary academic resources. It is another for first-year students to be proactive in their early academic careers. First-year students need to learn when to visit their advisers and faculty and, more importantly, what questions to ask. First-year students need to know when and where to seek academic support resources. A one-size-fits-all approach will not work. SLO 5 may be the most essential to long-term academic and career success. Yet, it asks the student to transition from being semi-dependent to independent in resolving issues.
SLO 5 requires that Trinity have the academic support resources to resolve issues. After all, students cannot engage in help-seeking behavior if there is not a resolution for the students. It also requires the Director of Academic Support and the Associate Vice President for Academic Affairs: Student Academic Issues and Retention will work with Strategic Communications and Marketing staff to develop and implement a marketing plan with the goal of publicizing academic support resources and designating their use. The Director of Assessment plans to send surveys to first-year students asking a series of questions to gauge whether students were engaged in help-seeking behavior.