Comprehensive Traffic Calming as a Key Element of Sustainable Urban Mobility Plans—Impacts of a Neighbourhood Redesign in Ljutomer
Abstract
:1. Introduction
1.1. Intensive Car Use and Health Issues
1.2. Pilot Neighbourhood Characteristics
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Travel Habits of Neighbourhood Residents
2.2. Quality of Living Environment
2.3. Acceptability of the Redesign
2.4. Vehicle Flows and Speeds
2.5. Traffic Safety
3. Results
3.1. Travel Habits of Neighbourhood Residents
3.1.1. Travel Habits of Neighbourhood Residents Before Redesign
3.1.2. Travel Habits of Neighbourhood Residents after Redesign
3.2. Quality of Living Environment
3.3. Acceptability of the Redesign
3.3.1. Acceptability of the Redesign, before Redesign
3.3.2. Acceptability of the Redesign, after Redesign
3.4. Vehicle Flows and Speeds
3.4.1. Vehicle Flows and Classes before and after Redesign
3.4.2. Vehicle Speeds before and after Redesign
3.5. Traffic Safety
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Travel Mode | Age Group | YES, Very Often | YES, Quite Often | YES, a Little More Often | Same as Before | NO, Less Often |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Walking | All | 13% | 4% | 19% | 61% | 2% |
Children and youth (up to age 18) | 10% | 0% | 30% | 60% | 0% | |
Adults (ages 18–65) | 15% | 6% | 18% | 59% | 3% | |
Elderly (over 65) | 12% | 4% | 15% | 69% | 0% | |
Cycling | All | 11% | 4% | 12% | 61% | 11% |
Children and youth (up to age 18) | 14% | 5% | 18% | 55% | 9% | |
Adults (ages 18–65) | 12% | 4% | 15% | 60% | 9% | |
Elderly (over 65) | 4% | 4% | 0% | 72% | 20% |
I Strongly Agree | Agree | Neither Agree nor Disagree | Disagree | Strongly Disagree | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
The redesign has improved the overall quality of life in the neighbourhood | 25% | 38% | 19% | 10% | 9% |
YES, Very Often | YES, Quite Often | YES, Somewhat More Often | Same as Before | NO, Less Often | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Staying outside and socialising with neighbours | All | 8% | 7% | 14% | 69% | 3% |
Children and youth (up to age 18) | 5% | 5% | 10% | 81% | 0% | |
Adults (ages 18–65) | 9% | 6% | 17% | 64% | 4% | |
Elderly (over 65) | 7% | 11% | 7% | 74% | 0% |
Measuring Location | Number of Vehicles in 24 h | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
17 June 2014 | 06 July 2017 | 26 September 2018 | Change 2014–2018 | ||
Location 1; Kidričeva Street (main street, transit) | Direction toward centre | 163 | 110 | 118 | −45 (−28%) |
Direction away from centre | 165 | 100 | 129 | −36 (−22%) | |
Both directions | 328 | 210 | 247 | −81 (−25%) | |
Peak hour flow | 39 | 19 | 28 | −11 (−11%) | |
Location 2; Jurčičeva Street (main street, transit) | Direction toward centre | 287 | 115 | 148 | −139 (−48%) |
Direction away from centre | 277 | 124 | 169 | −108 (−39%) | |
Both directions | 564 | 239 | 317 | −247 (−44%) | |
Peak hour flow | 55 | 23 | 32 | −23 (−23%) | |
Location 3; Aškerčeva Street (main street, transit, entry point) | Direction toward centre | 444 | 282 | 291 | −153 (−34%) |
Direction away from centre | 431 | 325 | 307 | −124 (−29%) | |
Both directions | 875 | 607 | 598 | −277 (−32%) | |
Peak hour flow | 95 | 65 | 67 | −28 (-29%) | |
Location 4; Aškerčeva Street (side street, access) | Direction toward centre | 78 | 77 | 73 | −5 (−6%) |
Direction away from centre | 75 | 65 | 77 | 2 (+3%) | |
Both directions | 153 | 142 | 150 | −3 (−2%) | |
Peak hour flow | 18 | 14 | 17 | −1 (−6%) |
Measuring Location | Share of Passenger Cars in Relation to Measured Driving Speed | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Up to 10 km/h | Up to 30 km/h | 30–50 km/h | Over 50 km/h | ||
Location 1; Kidričeva Street (main street, transit) | 17 June 2014 | 0% | 16% | 74% | 10% |
06 July 2017 | 1% | 41% | 55% | 3% | |
26 September 2018 | 0% | 36% | 62% | 1% | |
Change 2014–2018 | 0% | +20% | −11% | −9% | |
Location 2; Jurčičeva Street (main street, transit) | 17 June 2014 | 0% | 17% | 79% | 4% |
06 July 2017 | 0% | 70% | 29% | 0% | |
26 September 2018 | 1% | 59% | 41% | 0% | |
Change 2014–2018 | 1% | +42% | −39% | −4% | |
Location 3; Aškerčeva Street (main street, transit, entry point) | 17 June 2014 | 1% | 98% | 2% | 0% |
06 July 2017 | 1% | 85% | 11% | 4% | |
26 September 2018 | 1% | 100% | 0% | 0% | |
Change 2014–2018 | 0% | +2% | −2% | 0% | |
Location 4; Aškerčeva Street (side street, access) | 17 June 2014 | 2% | 32% | 67% | 1% |
06 July 2017 | 6% | 61% | 38% | 1% | |
26 September 2018 | 1% | 50% | 50% | 0% | |
Change 2014–2018 | −1% | +18% | −17% | −1% |
Period and Monitored Categories | Traffic Accidents—Locations, Number and Shares of Monitored Categories | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
Ljutomer Settlement | Juršovka Neighbourhood | Share in Relation to the Whole Settlement | ||
Before redesign (2000–2016) | Number of accidents | 684 | 11 | 1.6% |
Number of participants | 1158 | 20 | 1.7% | |
Death | 0 | 0 | - | |
Serious injury | 16 | 0 | - | |
Seriously injured participants | ||||
- Pedestrian | 1 | 0 | - | |
- Bicyclist | 4 | 0 | - | |
- Motorcyclist | 2 | 0 | - | |
- Driver of a passenger car | 9 | 0 | - | |
- Driver of a freight vehicle | 1 | 0 | - | |
After redesign (2016–2019) | Number of accidents | 118 | 1 | 0.8% |
Number of participants | 152 | 1 | 0.7% | |
Death | 0 | 0 | - | |
Serious injury | 1 | 0 | - | |
Seriously injured participants | ||||
- Motorcyclist | 1 | 0 | - |
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Balant, M.; Lep, M. Comprehensive Traffic Calming as a Key Element of Sustainable Urban Mobility Plans—Impacts of a Neighbourhood Redesign in Ljutomer. Sustainability 2020, 12, 8143. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12198143
Balant M, Lep M. Comprehensive Traffic Calming as a Key Element of Sustainable Urban Mobility Plans—Impacts of a Neighbourhood Redesign in Ljutomer. Sustainability. 2020; 12(19):8143. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12198143
Chicago/Turabian StyleBalant, Mojca, and Marjan Lep. 2020. "Comprehensive Traffic Calming as a Key Element of Sustainable Urban Mobility Plans—Impacts of a Neighbourhood Redesign in Ljutomer" Sustainability 12, no. 19: 8143. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12198143
APA StyleBalant, M., & Lep, M. (2020). Comprehensive Traffic Calming as a Key Element of Sustainable Urban Mobility Plans—Impacts of a Neighbourhood Redesign in Ljutomer. Sustainability, 12(19), 8143. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12198143