Study on Evolution of Food Safety Status and Supervision Policy—A System Based on Quantity, Quality, and Development Safety
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Development History of Food Safety Supervision in China
2.1. Absolutely Centralized Supervision (1949–1964)
2.2. Mixed Supervision (1965–1992)
2.3. Primary Stage of Stage-Based Supervision (1993–2002)
2.4. Development Stage of Stage-Based Supervision (2003–Present)
3. Construction, Data Sources, and Research Methods of the Index System
3.1. Construction of the Index System
3.2. Data Sources
3.3. Research Methods
4. Empirical Analysis Based on the Entropy Method
5. Conclusions
6. Inspiration for Policies
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Sub−System | Index | Unit | Direction |
---|---|---|---|
Quantity safety (A) | Per capita consumption of grain (A1) | kg/person | (−) |
Per capita consumption of meat and poultry products (A2) | kg/person | (−) | |
Per capita consumption of aquatic products (A3) | kg/person | (−) | |
Per capita consumption of edible vegetable oil (A4) | kg/person | (−) | |
Per capita yield of grain (A5) | kg/person | (+) | |
Per capita yield of meat (A6) | kg/person | (+) | |
Per capita yield of aquatic products (A7) | kg/person | (+) | |
Per capita yield of edible vegetable oil (A8) | kg/person | (+) | |
Retail price index (RPI) of food (A9) | % | (−) | |
RPI of drinks, tobacco, and alcohol (A10) | % | (−) | |
Quality safety (Q) | Food pass rate in spot checks (Q1) | % | (+) |
Pass rate of pesticide residue in vegetables (Q2) | % | (+) | |
Pass rate of pesticide residue in aquatic products (Q3) | % | (+) | |
Ratio of quality and safety complaints in agricultural means of production (Q4) | % | (−) | |
Ratio of quality and safety complaints in food commodities (Q5) | % | (−) | |
Ratio of quality and safety complaints in catering service (Q6) | % | (−) | |
Development safety (D) | Total crop acreage per capita (D1) | m2/person | (+) |
Proportion of watershed lakes of Class III and above water quality (D2) | % | (+) | |
Proportion of seas of Class II and above water quality (D3) | % | (+) | |
Fertilizer application per crop acre (D4) | kg/hectare | (−) | |
Pesticide application rate per crop acre (D5) | kg/hectare | (−) | |
Ratio of water−saving irrigation area to farmland irrigation area (D6) | % | (+) |
Sub-System | Index | Weight (%) |
---|---|---|
Quantity safety (A) | Per capita consumption of grain (A1) | 4.6160% |
Per capita consumption of meat and poultry products (A2) | 4.3602% | |
Per capita consumption of aquatic products (A3) | 4.5304% | |
Per capita consumption of edible vegetable oil (A4) | 4.3383% | |
Per capita yield of grain (A5) | 4.5722% | |
Per capita yield of meat (A6) | 4.5717% | |
Per capita yield of aquatic products (A7) | 4.6015% | |
Per capita yield of edible vegetable oil (A8) | 4.6031% | |
RPI of food (A9) | 4.4760% | |
RPI of drinks, tobacco, and alcohol (A10) | 4.5213% | |
Quality safety (Q) | Food pass rate in spot check (Q1) | 4.4033% |
Pass rate of pesticide residue in vegetables (Q2) | 4.3839% | |
Pass rate of pesticide residue in aquatic products (Q3) | 4.3509% | |
Ratio of quality and safety complaints in agricultural means of production (Q4) | 4.6919% | |
Ratio of quality and safety complaints in food commodities (Q5) | 4.7400% | |
Ratio of quality and safety complaints in catering service (Q6) | 4.7018% | |
Development safety (D) | Total crop acreage per capita (D1) | 4.4260% |
Proportion of watershed lakes of Class III and above water quality (D2) | 4.7102% | |
Proportion of seas of Class II and above water quality (D3) | 4.4475% | |
Fertilizer application per crop acre (D4) | 4.6423% | |
Pesticide application rate per crop acre (D5) | 4.7071% | |
Ratio of water-saving irrigation area in farmland irrigation area (D6) | 4.6047% |
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Yang, J.; Lin, Y. Study on Evolution of Food Safety Status and Supervision Policy—A System Based on Quantity, Quality, and Development Safety. Sustainability 2019, 11, 6656. https://doi.org/10.3390/su11236656
Yang J, Lin Y. Study on Evolution of Food Safety Status and Supervision Policy—A System Based on Quantity, Quality, and Development Safety. Sustainability. 2019; 11(23):6656. https://doi.org/10.3390/su11236656
Chicago/Turabian StyleYang, Jianhui, and Yaoben Lin. 2019. "Study on Evolution of Food Safety Status and Supervision Policy—A System Based on Quantity, Quality, and Development Safety" Sustainability 11, no. 23: 6656. https://doi.org/10.3390/su11236656