Structuring a Residential Satisfaction Model for Predictive Personalization in Mass Social Housing
Abstract
:1. Introduction
1.1. Mass Personalized Housing
1.2. Residential Satisfaction Modeling
1.3. Overview of the Chilean Case
1.4. Aims, Scope, and Limitations
2. Methods
2.1. Housing Survey
2.1.1. Case Study Housing Estates
2.1.2. Sample Size and Procedures
2.1.3. Modules and Variables
2.1.4. Statistical Analysis
2.2. Building Energy Simulation
2.3. Household Satisfaction Modelling
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Residential Satisfaction Survey
3.1.1. Demographics and Housing Modifications
3.1.2. Expectations and Residential Satisfaction
3.1.3. Correlations and Comparative Assessment
3.2. Thermal Performance Evaluation
3.2.1. Discomfort Hours
3.2.2. Space Heating
3.2.3. General Assessment
3.3. Case Study Outcomes
3.4. Residential Satisfaction Modeling
3.4.1. Descriptive Model
3.4.2. Towards Predictive Personalization
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
Appendix A
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Element | TR | JPUS | |
---|---|---|---|
Envelope Materials | Walls G. Floor | Ceramic brickwork 154 mm | Reinforced concrete 150 mm a |
Walls 1st Floor | Timber framing 100 mm | ||
Roofs | Timber framing 80 mm | Timber framing 100 mm | |
Floors | Concrete slab 100 mm | Concrete slab 150 mm | |
Insulation Materials | Walls G. Floor | EPS 20 mm | EPS 20 mm a |
Walls 1st Floor | Cement Plaster 20 mm | ||
Roofs | Glass wool 100 mm | Glass wool 100 mm | |
Opening Materials | Windows | Single glazed 3 mm | Single glazed 3 mm |
Doors | Hollow core MDF 4 mm | Hollow core MDF 4 mm | |
U-values [W/m2·K] | Walls G. Floor | 1.41 | 1.19 a |
Walls 1st Floor | 1.04 | ||
Roofs | 0.33 | 0.34 |
Element | SDH1 | SDH2 | |
---|---|---|---|
Envelope Component Materials | Walls | Timber framing 90 mm | Reinforced concrete 150 mm |
Roofs | Timber framing 80 mm | Timber framing 100 mm | |
Floors | Concrete slab 100 mm | Concrete slab 100 mm | |
Insulation Materials | Walls | EPS 20 mm | EPS 20 mm |
Roofs | Glass wool 100 mm | Glass wool 100 mm | |
Opening Materials | Windows | Single glazed 3 mm | Single glazed 3 mm |
Doors | Hollow core MDF 4 mm | Hollow core MDF 4 mm | |
U-values [W/m2·K] | Walls | 1.34 | 1.21 |
Roofs | 0.32 | 0.38 |
TR | JPUS | SDH1 | SDH2 | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Type | Terraced | Apartment | Semi-detached | Apartment |
Surface [m2] | 58 | 57 | 45 and 55 | 55 |
Units [total] | 32 | 54 | 46 | 104 |
Units [surveyed] | 23 | 35 | 29 | 43 |
Variable | Baseline Value(s) |
---|---|
Setpoint temperatures [°C] | 18–25 |
Setback temperatures [°C] | 12–28 |
Occupancy gains [W/p] | 128 |
Space heating [CoP] | 0.5 |
Domestic water heating [m3s/W] | 0.530 |
Infiltration rate [ach] | 3.0 |
Group | Variable | Expectation | Satisfaction |
---|---|---|---|
Architectural | Dwelling size (DS) | 4.32 | 3.76 |
Number of bedrooms (NB) | 4.42 | 4.01 | |
Lot size (LS) | 3.81 | 3.79 | |
Extensions (E) | 4.21 | 4.00 | |
Modifications (MD) | 3.89 | 3.53 | |
Kitchen size (KS) | 2.81 | 2.78 | |
Finishes (F) | 2.91 | 3.16 | |
Bathroom location (BL) | 4.51 | 4.67 | |
Environmental | Moisture (M) | 2.00 | 3.82 |
Ventilation (V) | 4.07 | 3.64 | |
Visual privacy (VP) | 3.91 | 3.42 | |
Safety (S) | 3.69 | 3.76 | |
Acoustic privacy (AP) | 3.44 | 3.96 | |
Temperatures summer (TS) | 2.55 | 4.83 | |
Temperatures winter (TW) | 2.12 | 4.55 | |
Natural light (NL) | 4.31 | 3.00 |
Independent Variable | Dependent Variable | Coef. | Sig. | n | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Demographics/Modification | Age household head | Extension (exterior) | +0.449 | =0.017 | 28 |
Age household head | Fences (exterior) | −0.386 | =0.027 | 33 | |
Household income | Floorings (interior) | +0.359 | <0.001 | 98 | |
Occupation h. head | Pavements (exterior) | +0.334 | =0.008 | 43 | |
Age household head | Shed (exterior) | −0.318 | =0.049 | 39 | |
Satisfaction/Modification | Number of bedrooms | Extension size | −0.783 | <0.001 | 16 |
Acoustic privacy | Extension size | −0.703 | =0.002 | 16 | |
Lot size | Extension size | +0.660 | =0.005 | 16 | |
Extension potential | Extension size | +0.510 | =0.044 | 16 | |
Natural light | External roofs | −0.389 | <0.001 | 109 |
Group | Variable | Housing Type | Developer Type | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
House | Apartment | NGO | REC | ||
Architectural | Dwelling size (DS) | 3.88 | 4.59 | 4.37 | 4.23 |
Number of bedrooms (NB) | 4.19 | 4.57 | 4.64 | 4.09 | |
Lot size (LS) | 3.81 | . | 3.57 | 4.38 | |
Extensions (E) | 4.21 | . | 4.07 | 4.54 | |
Modifications (MD) | 3.46 | 4.13 | 4.12 | 3.53 | |
Kitchen size (KS) | 1.88 | 3.43 | 2.72 | 3.00 | |
Finishes (F) | 2.94 | 2.89 | 2.93 | 2.88 | |
Bathroom location (BL) | 4.28 | 4.66 | 4.87 | 3.95 | |
Environmental | Moisture (M) | 2.37 | 1.63 | 1.98 | 2.02 |
Ventilation (V) | 3.77 | 4.26 | 4.09 | 4.05 | |
Visual privacy (VP) | 3.49 | 4.22 | 4.04 | 3.77 | |
Safety (S) | 4.02 | 3.53 | 3.85 | 3.52 | |
Acoustic privacy (AP) | 3.65 | 3.39 | 3.67 | 3.21 | |
Temperatures summer (TS) | 1.7 | 2.76 | 2.37 | 2.14 | |
Temperatures winter (TW) | 2.27 | 2.29 | 2.1 | 2.73 | |
Natural light (NL) | 4.02 | 4.47 | 4.26 | 4.36 |
Segmenting Variable | Dependent Variable | Kruskal-Wallis H | |
---|---|---|---|
Coef. | Sig. | ||
Housing type [Apartment vs. House] | Housing size | 7.398 | =0.007 |
Modification potential | 5.642 | =0.018 | |
Kitchen size | 20.885 | <0.001 | |
Bathroom location | 5.285 | =0.022 | |
Moisture levels | 5.388 | =0.002 | |
Visual privacy | 5.397 | =0.020 | |
Safety | 4.303 | =0.038 | |
Winter temperatures | 8.129 | =0.004 | |
Developer orientation [REC vs. NGO] | Number of bedrooms | 12.055 | =0.001 |
Modification potential | 7.775 | =0.005 | |
Bathroom location | 19.279 | <0.001 | |
Acoustic privacy | 3.061 | =0.008 |
Project | Orient | Modification | Mean | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mod A | Mod B | Mod C | Mod D | Mod E | Mod F | |||
TR | 170° | +20.9 | −270.5 | +5.6 | +150.0 | +26.2 | . | −13.5 |
60° | +33.4 | −251.7 | +4.7 | +140.3 | +24.7 | . | −9.6 | |
250° | +1.8 | −256.3 | +28.4 | +179.4 | +25.0 | . | −4.3 | |
JPUS | 327° | +908.3 | +36.9 | −2.1 | . | . | . | +314.3 |
284° | +895.3 | +44.8 | −5.2 | . | . | . | +311.6 | |
194° | +973.4 | −908.6 | −74.8 | . | . | . | −3.3 | |
SDH1 | 209° | +1.5 | +17.3 | +29.1 | −1.4 | . | . | +11.6 |
299° | +4.5 | +26.0 | +40.0 | −1.7 | . | . | +17.2 | |
119° | −0.7 | +23.0 | +43.0 | −1.4 | . | . | +15.9 | |
29° | +0.9 | +23.9 | +51.8 | −2.6 | . | . | +18.5 | |
SDH2 | 28° | +468.9 | +426.2 | +1047.9 | −404.7 | +97.3 | −108.9 | +254.4 |
94° | +464.4 | +414.8 | +1067.4 | −375.8 | +75.3 | −108.6 | +256.2 |
Project | Orient | Modification | Mean | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mod A | Mod B | Mod C | Mod D | Mod E | Mod F | |||
TR | 170° | +45.1 | +92.8 | +322.5 | +361.3 | −160.7 | . | +132.2 |
60° | +156.7 | +50.5 | +230.7 | +197.3 | −151.9 | . | +96.6 | |
250° | +12. | +45.2 | +215.1 | +227.2 | −169.4 | . | +66.1 | |
JPUS | 327° | −1427.27 | +358.5 | +31.3 | . | . | . | −345.7 |
284° | −1490.8 | +402.0 | +28.4 | . | . | . | −353.4 | |
194° | −1585.0 | +537.2 | +3.9 | . | . | . | −347.9 | |
SDH1 | 209° | −23.7 | +1523.1 | +2103.9 | −44.4 | . | . | +889.7 |
299° | −15.5 | +1548.2 | +1995.1 | −43.1 | . | . | +871.1 | |
119° | −32.8 | +1572.1 | +2142.7 | −46.1 | . | . | +908.9 | |
29° | −18.3 | +1591.2 | +2251.7 | −43.9 | . | . | +945.1 | |
SDH2 | 28° | +73.6 | +36.4 | +192.0 | −9567.3 | +227.4 | −7007.6 | −2674.2 |
94° | +74.3 | +37.6 | +300.5 | −9700.5 | +205.0 | −7016.6 | −2683.2 |
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Bunster, V.; Bustamante, W. Structuring a Residential Satisfaction Model for Predictive Personalization in Mass Social Housing. Sustainability 2019, 11, 3943. https://doi.org/10.3390/su11143943
Bunster V, Bustamante W. Structuring a Residential Satisfaction Model for Predictive Personalization in Mass Social Housing. Sustainability. 2019; 11(14):3943. https://doi.org/10.3390/su11143943
Chicago/Turabian StyleBunster, Victor, and Waldo Bustamante. 2019. "Structuring a Residential Satisfaction Model for Predictive Personalization in Mass Social Housing" Sustainability 11, no. 14: 3943. https://doi.org/10.3390/su11143943