The Blockchain Consensus Algorithm for Viable Management of New and Renewable Energies
Round 1
Reviewer 1 Report
The manuscript has serious flaws: same text is duplicated; abstract is too long and doesn’t provide essential information about the article; methods are not justified and not clearly presented in the introduction; some information is very basic, for ex. "Renewable energy is a combination of renewable energy"...
Authors should pay attention to previous recommendations (authors ignored some previous recommendations).
Author Response
Reply->
First of all, I appreciate your detailed review on my thesis. Following your comment on March 7,
I tried to improve it by supplementing the content. The parts added or revised are being highlighted in blue so that I respectfully request your re-review if possible. Thank you.
Your comment on the abstract is appreciated. I’ve changed the title and abstract in a way that the readers would get a sense of the content. Additionally, the motivation and significances of the study have been added in the introduction part. At the same time, the entire manuscript has been proofread with the help of a native English speaker. Therefore, I’d appreciate if you will review the study again if possible.
Abstract: The efficient information flow in an intelligent system is vital for effectively controlling the entire system. Currently, intelligent systems are used in many industries related to energy production, sustainable agriculture/transport, intelligent building/city. IT and ICT technologies play vital roles in introducing technical or technological innovation in these industries as well as establishing a collaborative network. Also, the digitization of existing systems has been quite effective in creating a sustainable global environment as it allows more efficient and well-balanced control of socio-economic factors. However, it has been realized that adopting an intelligent system to achieve innovation, sustainability, and safety may well depend on the quality of the algorithms to be used for that very system. Despite the recent controversies, new & renewable energies are considered as a realistic alternative to fossil fuels which have been integral to modern industries but regarded as a cause of the environmental or economic disaster, not to mention their limited deposits. Therefore, expecting that these energies will gradually replace the existing energy sources but require more time for them to be fully available, it is essential to find a method of managing them in a fair and transparent way. The United States, Japan, and some of the European countries are attempting to achieve such a goal by utilizing a blockchain system but the issues pertaining to its functionality, security or efficiency are yet to be dealt with. This study introduces a viable consensus algorithm (HDPoR algorithm) for blockchain and attempts to validate its parallel computing capability through simulations. This study also sheds light on designing an efficient but secure P2P transaction service model for these energies for the future where blockchain-based systems will hold a key position in the digitalized world. As the main contribution, this study introduces an effective method of applying blockchain to a new & renewable energy transaction system by presenting a consensus algorithm which can improve its infrastructure and performance.
Add 1) It also shows the flow chokes of the blockchain network nodes of HDPoR(See Figure 9).
Figure 9. HDPoR flowchart
1) Request a smart contract run on the node
2) Verifies the executed result and sends the verification result to the client
3) The client compares the received results to determine the transaction validity
4) Pass validation and valid transactions to Auder
5) Orders bundle transactions into blocks and propagate them to nodes
6) The nodes receive the block and verify and confirm it and save it to the ledger.
Figure 10. HDPoR dApp Architecture
HDPoR dApp Architecture also uses existing HTML/CSS/Javascript languages to provide SDK(Software Development Kit) for dApp. And the password is compiled by using the hash algorithm of SHA-256 and using EBVM(Energy Blockchain Virtual Machine). All of these data are stored in the Cloud System(See Figure 10).
Add 2) Contribution and Introduction
Recently, environmental problems related to fossil fuels are emerging. However, mankind continues to face the problem of depletion of energy, while demand for renewable energy is on the rise. However, there are limitations in using such renewable energy. This is because there is not enough policy and technology to verify when using energy. Therefore, in this paper, we aim to apply blockchain technology to transparent and fair energy management system by measuring new and renewable energy. Traditional blockchain technology lacks performance, functionality, reliability, and security. Therefore, in this paper, we propose the most important consensus algorithm among block-chaining techniques and introduce HDPoR(Hyper Delegation Proof of Randomness) algorithm based on parallel computing through various simulations.
Chapter 2 introduces the renewable energy and explains the current location of the block chain. In Section 3, we describe the preparation factors and problems for the verification of the effectiveness of renewable energy in many researches and industries. In Chapter 4, we describe the concept, process, and process for the HDPoR algorithm, Architecture and methodology, and compared with the limitations of speed and performance to make a majority verification system more than 51%, which is the limit of the existing PoW (Proof of Work) and PoS(Proof of Stake) algorithm when using HDPoR In Chapter 5, we propose a future prospect for energy block chaining. In Chapter 6, we present a final algorithm and use dApp (Decentralized Application) to generate a dApp to deal with the energy blockchain. A prototype for use was presented and presented. In this paper, we propose the application of blockchain in energy trading by presenting a sum algorithm for infrastructure and performance improvement for energy trading.
Optimization at References
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We changed the title.
-The Blockchain Consensus Algorithm for Viable Management of New and Renewable Energies
Author Response File: 
Author Response.pdf
Reviewer 2 Report
The paper presents a Blockchain consensus algorithm for Improving renewable energy efficiency. The paper is well written and the results have been discussed adequately.
Author Response
Reply->
Dear Editor and Reviewers, respectfully,
Yes, I understand. I have added Blockchain consensus algorithm.
Figure 10. HDPoR dApp Architecture
HDPoR dApp Architecture also uses existing HTML/CSS/Javascript languages to provide SDK(Software Development Kit) for dApp. And the password is compiled by using the hash algorithm of SHA-256 and using EBVM(Energy Blockchain Virtual Machine). All of these data are stored in the Cloud System.
Author Response File: Author Response.pdf
Reviewer 3 Report
The idea of the paper is interesting. I have some comments in order to improve the quality of the paper:
The abstract requires major revisions to reflect the key ideas of this paper as well as the details of the proposed approach. The authors are suggested to avoid vague claims in the abstract. The abstract is not properly representative of the entire paper. Please make sure that your abstract is properly structured. In some places, the text should be revised to be more clear. Please clearly mention your contributions.
The full names of HDPoR should be given in Abstract since it appears for the first time.
If the working principle of the HDPoR is explained using flowchart form the blockchain techniques, the paper may be more interesting.
There are reference lumps in the text such as: "However, as this PoS method still has a performance issue, this paper proposes an algorithm called HDPoRs [17-20]."; “it is argued that this is not a comparable part of simple mathematical calculations because the cost of securing a 51% stake may be very different due to various factors, including the timing of the launch of the blockchain and the amount of money issued [21-25]”. Please eliminate the lumps. After that please check the manuscript thoroughly and eliminate ALL the lumps in the manuscript. This should be done by characterising each reference individually. This can be done by mentioning 1-3 phrases per reference to show how it is different from the others and why it deserves mentioning. This is not just a formalism. If you do not characterise the references individually it matters little how they are formatted. What really matters is to have meaningful references and the requirement for individual characterisation aims exactly at that.
The Introduction section should include four parts: motivation, literature survey, contributions, and the organization of manuscript.
The novelty of the paper has to clearly be given. The Introduction section has to be strengthened. In particular to understand the state-of-the-art in this field in a better way, the most relevant background information should be provided and the most relevant literature should be cited in the Introduction section.
In section 4, the novelty of work is not clear. The HDPoR Architecture for Renewable Energy methods are already available in the literature and in text books. Can you elaborate and explain more? Maybe give some equations.
Authors need to add a big picture schematic overview of the renewable energy blockchains for the sake of clarification.
Sections 1-3 present a lot of paper using blockchain algorithms, but no one of them is used in order to have a comparison with the paper.
It is required to include a sub-section on the limitations of the adopted blockchain consensus algorithm.
There are some errors and bad-constructed sentences observed by the reviewer. The authors need to ensure that the manuscript is clearly written avoiding such errors. The following is a sample of errors that have picked out, so the paper should be revised and checked.
* Abstract: The abstract must be rewritten. Authors can improve the abstract by including the existing challenges, motivations and outcomes of the paper.
*Line 136: "Hydroelectric power generation of 10,000 Kw" should be "Hydroelectric power generation of 10,000 kW"
*Line 230: The acronym PoS is not defined in the text.
*Line 331: The acronym DPOS is not defined in the text.
* Figure 7: “AESP” should be described and discussed.
*Line 445: The acronym AMI is not defined in the text.
*Line 579: The acronym dApp is not defined in the text.
*Please check the entire manuscript thoroughly and carefully for further improvement.
Author Response
Comments and Suggestions for Authors
The idea of the paper is interesting. I have some comments in order to improve the quality of the paper:
The abstract requires major revisions to reflect the key ideas of this paper as well as the details of the proposed approach. The authors are suggested to avoid vague claims in the abstract. The abstract is not properly representative of the entire paper. Please make sure that your abstract is properly structured. In some places, the text should be revised to be more clear. Please clearly mention your contributions.
The full names of HDPoR should be given in Abstract since it appears for the first time.
Reply->
Dear Editor and Reviewers, respectfully,
Yes, I understand. I have changed abstract.
If the working principle of the HDPoR is explained using flowchart form the blockchain techniques, the paper may be more interesting.
Reply->
Dear Editor and Reviewers, respectfully,
Yes, I understand. I have changed HDPoR is explained using flowchart
It also shows the flow chokes of the blockchain network nodes of HDPoR.
Figure 9. HDPoR flowchart
1) Request a smart contract run on the node
2) Verifies the executed result and sends the verification result to the client
3) The client compares the received results to determine the transaction validity
4) Pass validation and valid transactions to Auder
5) Orders bundle transactions into blocks and propagate them to nodes
6) The nodes receive the block and verify and confirm it and save it to the ledger.
There are reference lumps in the text such as: "However, as this PoS method still has a performance issue, this paper proposes an algorithm called HDPoRs [17-20]."; “it is argued that this is not a comparable part of simple mathematical calculations because the cost of securing a 51% stake may be very different due to various factors, including the timing of the launch of the blockchain and the amount of money issued [21-25]”. Please eliminate the lumps. After that please check the manuscript thoroughly and eliminate ALL the lumps in the manuscript. This should be done by characterising each reference individually. This can be done by mentioning 1-3 phrases per reference to show how it is different from the others and why it deserves mentioning. This is not just a formalism. If you do not characterise the references individually it matters little how they are formatted. What really matters is to have meaningful references and the requirement for individual characterisation aims exactly at that.
Reply->
Dear Editor and Reviewers, respectfully,
Yes, I understand. I have changed reference lumps and eliminate [17-20], [21-25]
The Introduction section should include four parts: motivation, literature survey, contributions, and the organization of manuscript.
The novelty of the paper has to clearly be given. The Introduction section has to be strengthened. In particular to understand the state-of-the-art in this field in a better way, the most relevant background information should be provided and the most relevant literature should be cited in the Introduction section.
Reply->
Dear Editor and Reviewers, respectfully,
Yes, I understand. I have changed abstract.
In section 4, the novelty of work is not clear. The HDPoR Architecture for Renewable Energy methods are already available in the literature and in text books. Can you elaborate and explain more? Maybe give some equations.
Authors need to add a big picture schematic overview of the renewable energy blockchains for the sake of clarification.
Sections 1-3 present a lot of paper using blockchain algorithms, but no one of them is used in order to have a comparison with the paper.
It is required to include a sub-section on the limitations of the adopted blockchain consensus algorithm.
There are some errors and bad-constructed sentences observed by the reviewer. The authors need to ensure that the manuscript is clearly written avoiding such errors. The following is a sample of errors that have picked out, so the paper should be revised and checked.
Reply->
Dear Editor and Reviewers, respectfully,
Yes, I understand. I have added Blockchain consensus algorithm.
Figure 10. HDPoR dApp Architecture
HDPoR dApp Architecture also uses existing HTML/CSS/Javascript languages to provide SDK(Software Development Kit) for dApp. And the password is compiled by using the hash algorithm of SHA-256 and using EBVM(Energy Blockchain Virtual Machine). All of these data are stored in the Cloud System.
* Abstract: The abstract must be rewritten. Authors can improve the abstract by including the existing challenges, motivations and outcomes of the paper.
Reply->
Dear Editor and Reviewers, respectfully,
Yes, I understand. I have changed abstract.
Abstract: The efficient information flow in an intelligent system is vital for effectively controlling the entire system. Currently, intelligent systems are used in many industries related to energy production, sustainable agriculture/transport, intelligent building/city. IT and ICT technologies play vital roles in introducing technical or technological innovation in these industries as well as establishing a collaborative network. Also, the digitization of existing systems has been quite effective in creating a sustainable global environment as it allows more efficient and well-balanced control of socio-economic factors. However, it has been realized that adopting an intelligent system to achieve innovation, sustainability, and safety may well depend on the quality of the algorithms to be used for that very system. Despite the recent controversies, new & renewable energies are considered as a realistic alternative to fossil fuels which have been integral to modern industries but regarded as a cause of the environmental or economic disaster, not to mention their limited deposits. Therefore, expecting that these energies will gradually replace the existing energy sources but require more time for them to be fully available, it is essential to find a method of managing them in a fair and transparent way. The United States, Japan, and some of the European countries are attempting to achieve such a goal by utilizing a blockchain system but the issues pertaining to its functionality, security or efficiency are yet to be dealt with. This study introduces a viable consensus algorithm (HDPoR algorithm) for blockchain and attempts to validate its parallel computing capability through simulations. This study also sheds light on designing an efficient but secure P2P transaction service model for these energies for the future where blockchain-based systems will hold a key position in the digitalized world. As the main contribution, this study introduces an effective method of applying blockchain to a new & renewable energy transaction system by presenting a consensus algorithm which can improve its infrastructure and performance.
*Line 136: "Hydroelectric power generation of 10,000 Kw" should be "Hydroelectric power generation of 10,000 kW"
Reply->
Dear Editor and Reviewers, respectfully,
Yes, I understand. I have changed Hydroelectric power generation
10,000 KW
*Line 230: The acronym PoS is not defined in the text.
Reply->
Dear Editor and Reviewers, respectfully,
Yes, I understand. I have changed PoS definition in the text
PoS (Proof of Stake).
*Line 331: The acronym DPOS is not defined in the text.
Dear Editor and Reviewers, respectfully,
Yes, I understand. I have changed DPOS definition in the text
DPOS (Delegation Proof of Stake)
* Figure 7: “AESP” should be described and discussed.
Dear Editor and Reviewers, respectfully,
Yes, I understand. I have changed EBESP is change and definition in the text.
In addition, the Energy Blockhain Engine Service Prototol (EBESP) is used as an important standard communication protocol for building a block-chain network in the future.
*Line 445: The acronym AMI is not defined in the text.
Dear Editor and Reviewers, respectfully,
Yes, I understand. I have changed AMI definition in the text.
Advanced Metering Infrastructure.
*Line 579: The acronym dApp is not defined in the text.
Dear Editor and Reviewers, respectfully,
Yes, I understand. I have changed dApp definition in the text.
Decentralized Application.
*Please check the entire manuscript thoroughly and carefully for further improvement.
Dear Editor and Reviewers, respectfully,
Yes, I understand. I have check further imp
Author Response File: Author Response.pdf
Round 2
Reviewer 1 Report
Same text is duplicated in the text (line 40-43 and 50-53). All manuscript should be revised.
Figure 1 “Smart renewable energy and P2P Blockchain service” needs to be discussed. If this is an updated model, reference to the original source should be provided. Also modifications that were made and and their justification should be indicated.
All Figures should conform journal template.
Explanations of abbreviations should be used only for the first time (P2P (peer-to-peer), PoS (Proof of Stake)).
Text has some misunderstandings, such as (line 162-164): “Such renewable energy can be used in various energy fields. These new energy sources can be used in various fields Figure 2. However this new renewable energy can be applied to various industries.” Stylistics of the text needs to be reviewed. There are spelling, proofing and styling errors in the text.
Author Response
(x) Extensive editing of English language and style required
Reply
First, thank you for your detailed review. The contents have been revised from the readers perspective with the assistance of a native English speaker and both the contribution and significance of the research are emphasized as well. Thus, I’d like to respectfully request your re-review if possible. The contents added or changed are being highlighted in red.
Yes Can be improved Must be improved Not applicable
Does the introduction provide sufficient background and include all relevant references? ( ) (x) ( ) ( )
Is the research design appropriate? ( ) (x) ( ) ( )
Are the methods adequately described? ( ) (x) ( ) ( )
Are the results clearly presented? ( ) (x) ( ) ( )
Are the conclusions supported by the results? ( ) (x) ( ) ( )
Comments and Suggestions for Authors
Same text is duplicated in the text (line 40-43 and 50-53). All manuscript should be revised.
Reply
Dear Editor and Reviewers, respectfully,
Yes, I understand. I have change word.
The blockchain contains transaction details and is not easily editable by anyone. These blocks are referred to as nodes. Also, it is a model that dramatically improved the authentication of transaction details using the hash algorithm which is mentioned in existing cryptography. And these blockchains can be used in various industries.
Blockchain technology is used in the world of superconnection where the Internet, mobile, etc. are connected. Although there was a risk of data hacking from various kinds of existing hackers, the blockchain can be said to be a more stable and decentralized model by bypassing the existing authentication method. It is also impossible to modify it arbitrarily. Renewable energy is a promising energy source in the future, as stated in SDGs (Sustainable Development Goals) to defend the global pollution.
Figure 1 “Smart renewable energy and P2P Blockchain service” needs to be discussed. If this is an updated model, reference to the original source should be provided. Also modifications that were made and and their justification should be indicated.
All Figures should conform journal template.
Reply
Dear Reviewer, respectfully,
Yes, I understand. I have change word.
(See Figure 1) is also an energy block chain platform that uses P2P services using smart meters using solar energy. It represents a Smart Grid that accumulates energy using solar light in each individual house and distributes the energy to each other next door. And this is called Micro Grid. However, a block chain is used as a technique for verifying the storage and transmission of intermediate sunlight. This conceptual diagram is shown.
Explanations of abbreviations should be used only for the first time (P2P (peer-to-peer), PoS (Proof of Stake)).
Reply
Dear Reviewer, respectfully,
Yes, I understand. I have change word
Text has some misunderstandings, such as (line 162-164): “Such renewable energy can be used in various energy fields. These new energy sources can be used in various fields Figure 2. However this new renewable energy can be applied to various industries.” Stylistics of the text needs to be reviewed. There are spelling, proofing and styling errors in the text.
Reply
Dear Reviewer, respectfully,
Yes, I understand. I have change word.
This renewable energy can be applied to various industries. In addition, this block chain technology can be applied to more transparent and decentralized services, which will be applied to more energy block chains based on trust (See Figure 2).
Add) The studies related to blockchains and energy tradings have been conducted by following researchers: M. Andoni et al. published their research work ‘Blockchain technology in the energy sector: A systematic review of challenges and opportunities’ [11] whereas S. Wang et al. presented ‘Energy Crowdsourcing and Peer-to-Peer Energy Trading in Blockchain-Enabled Smart Grids’ [12]. Additionally, F. Luo et al. and K. Gai et al. released their works ‘A Distributed Electricity Trading System in Active Distribution Networks Based on Multi-Agent Coalition and Blockchain’ and ‘Privacy-preserving Energy Trading Using Consortium Blockchain in Smart Grid’, respectively [13] [14].
Meanwhile, regarding electricity generation system, S. Ahmad et al. and T. Ou et al. performed research under the title of ‘Selection of renewable energy sources for sustainable development of electricity generation system using analytic hierarchy process: A case of Malaysia’ and ‘Dynamic operation and control of microgrid hybrid power systems’, respectively [15-16]. The other interesting works include ‘Design of a novel voltage controller for conversion of carbon dioxide into clean fuels using the Integration of a vanadium redox battery with solar energy’ (T. Ou) [17], ‘Optimal operation of microgrids considering auto-configuration function using multiagent system’ (Van-Hai Bui et al.) [18], ‘A novel unsymmetrical faults analysis for microgrid distribution systems’ (T. Ou) [19], ‘Contribution-based energy-trading mechanism in microgrids for future smart grid: A game theoretic approach’ (S. Park et al.) [20].
[11] Merlinda Andoni et al. "Blockchain technology in the energy sector: A systematic review of challenges and opportunities." Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 100 (2019): 143-174.
[12] Shen Wang et al. "Energy Crowdsourcing and Peer-to-Peer Energy Trading in Blockchain-Enabled Smart Grids." IEEE (2019).
[13] Fengji Luo et al. "A Distributed Electricity Trading System in Active Distribution Networks Based on Multi-Agent Coalition and Blockchain." IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, IEEE (2018).
[14] Keke Gai et al. "Privacy-preserving Energy Trading Using Consortium Blockchain in Smart Grid." IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics (2019).
[15] Salman Ahmad, Razman Mat Tahar. "Selection of renewable energy sources for sustainable development of electricity generation system using analytic hierarchy process: A case of Malaysia." Renewable energy 63 (2014): 458-466.
[16] Ting-Chia Ou, Chih-Ming Hong. "Dynamic operation and control of microgrid hybrid power systems." Energy, Elsevier, 66 (2014): 314-323.
[17] Ting-Chia Ou. "Design of a novel voltage controller for conversion of carbon dioxide into clean fuels using the Integration of a vanadium redox battery with solar energy." Energies 11.3 (2018): 524.
[18] Van-Hai Bui, Akhtar Hussain, Hak-Man Kim. "Optimal operation of microgrids considering auto-configuration function using multiagent system." Energies 10.10 (2017): 1484.
[19] Ting-Chia Ou, "A novel unsymmetrical faults analysis for microgrid distribution systems." International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems, Elsevier, 43.1 (2012): 1017-1024.
[20] Sangdon Park et al. "Contribution-based energy-trading mechanism in microgrids for future smart grid: A game theoretic approach." IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, IEEE, 63.7 (2016): 4255-4265.
Author Response File: Author Response.pdf
Reviewer 3 Report
Good work, showing solid results, and analyzing the most important aspects. However, the related works are not clearly described. Please enrich the literature review by reviewing the related works. The impact of hybrid renewable energy sources (HRES) and microgrids must be mentioned. I suggest to study and introduce the following literature to the reference list (with certain topics):
Blockchain technology in the energy sector: A systematic review of challenges and opportunities (Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews); Energy Crowdsourcing and Peer-to-Peer Energy
Trading in Blockchain-Enabled Smart Grids (IEEE); Selection of renewable energy sources for sustainable development of electricity generation system using analytic hierarchy process: a case of Malaysia (Renewable Energy); Dynamic operation and control of microgrid hybrid power systems (Energy); A distributed electricity trading system in active distribution networks based on multi-agent coalition and blockchain (IEEE); Design of a Novel Voltage Controller for Conversion of Carbon Dioxide into Clean Fuels Using the Integration of a Vanadium Redox Battery with Solar Energy (energies); Optimal Operation of Microgrids Considering Auto-Configuration Function Using Multiagent System (Energies); A novel unsymmetrical faults analysis for microgrid distribution systems (IJEPES); Contribution-based energy-trading mechanism in microgrids for future smart grid: A game theoretic approach (IEEE); Privacy-preserving energy trading using consortium blockchain in smart grid (IEEE).
Author Response
However, the related works are not clearly described. Please enrich the literature review by reviewing the related works. The impact of hybrid renewable energy sources (HRES) and microgrids must be mentioned. I suggest to study and introduce the following literature to the reference list (with certain topics):
Blockchain technology in the energy sector: A systematic review of challenges and opportunities (Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews); Energy Crowdsourcing and Peer-to-Peer Energy
Trading in Blockchain-Enabled Smart Grids (IEEE); Selection of renewable energy sources for sustainable development of electricity generation system using analytic hierarchy process: a case of Malaysia (Renewable Energy); Dynamic operation and control of microgrid hybrid power systems (Energy); A distributed electricity trading system in active distribution networks based on multi-agent coalition and blockchain (IEEE); Design of a Novel Voltage Controller for Conversion of Carbon Dioxide into Clean Fuels Using the Integration of a Vanadium Redox Battery with Solar Energy (energies); Optimal Operation of Microgrids Considering Auto-Configuration Function Using Multiagent System (Energies); A novel unsymmetrical faults analysis for microgrid distribution systems (IJEPES); Contribution-based energy-trading mechanism in microgrids for future smart grid: A game theoretic approach (IEEE); Privacy-preserving energy trading using consortium blockchain in smart grid (IEEE).
Reply
With respect, Dear Reviewer,
First, I appreciate your detailed review and helpful comments on my research work. The cited parts (i.e., from the conference proceeding [11-20] and other literature) with a high rate of plagiarism have been re-written and with the assistance of a native English speaker, overall contents have been revised to make explanations and contributions clearer. The contents added or changed are being highlighted in red for your re-review, if possible. Thank you.
Add) The studies related to blockchains and energy tradings have been conducted by following researchers: M. Andoni et al. published their research work ‘Blockchain technology in the energy sector: A systematic review of challenges and opportunities’ [11] whereas S. Wang et al. presented ‘Energy Crowdsourcing and Peer-to-Peer Energy Trading in Blockchain-Enabled Smart Grids’ [12]. Additionally, F. Luo et al. and K. Gai et al. released their works ‘A Distributed Electricity Trading System in Active Distribution Networks Based on Multi-Agent Coalition and Blockchain’ and ‘Privacy-preserving Energy Trading Using Consortium Blockchain in Smart Grid’, respectively [13] [14].
Meanwhile, regarding electricity generation system, S. Ahmad et al. and T. Ou et al. performed research under the title of ‘Selection of renewable energy sources for sustainable development of electricity generation system using analytic hierarchy process: A case of Malaysia’ and ‘Dynamic operation and control of microgrid hybrid power systems’, respectively [15-16]. The other interesting works include ‘Design of a novel voltage controller for conversion of carbon dioxide into clean fuels using the Integration of a vanadium redox battery with solar energy’ (T. Ou) [17], ‘Optimal operation of microgrids considering auto-configuration function using multiagent system’ (Van-Hai Bui et al.) [18], ‘A novel unsymmetrical faults analysis for microgrid distribution systems’ (T. Ou) [19], ‘Contribution-based energy-trading mechanism in microgrids for future smart grid: A game theoretic approach’ (S. Park et al.) [20].
[11] Merlinda Andoni et al. "Blockchain technology in the energy sector: A systematic review of challenges and opportunities." Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 100 (2019): 143-174.
[12] Shen Wang et al. "Energy Crowdsourcing and Peer-to-Peer Energy Trading in Blockchain-Enabled Smart Grids." IEEE (2019).
[13] Fengji Luo et al. "A Distributed Electricity Trading System in Active Distribution Networks Based on Multi-Agent Coalition and Blockchain." IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, IEEE (2018).
[14] Keke Gai et al. "Privacy-preserving Energy Trading Using Consortium Blockchain in Smart Grid." IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics (2019).
[15] Salman Ahmad, Razman Mat Tahar. "Selection of renewable energy sources for sustainable development of electricity generation system using analytic hierarchy process: A case of Malaysia." Renewable energy 63 (2014): 458-466.
[16] Ting-Chia Ou, Chih-Ming Hong. "Dynamic operation and control of microgrid hybrid power systems." Energy, Elsevier, 66 (2014): 314-323.
[17] Ting-Chia Ou. "Design of a novel voltage controller for conversion of carbon dioxide into clean fuels using the Integration of a vanadium redox battery with solar energy." Energies 11.3 (2018): 524.
[18] Van-Hai Bui, Akhtar Hussain, Hak-Man Kim. "Optimal operation of microgrids considering auto-configuration function using multiagent system." Energies 10.10 (2017): 1484.
[19] Ting-Chia Ou, "A novel unsymmetrical faults analysis for microgrid distribution systems." International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems, Elsevier, 43.1 (2012): 1017-1024.
[20] Sangdon Park et al. "Contribution-based energy-trading mechanism in microgrids for future smart grid: A game theoretic approach." IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, IEEE, 63.7 (2016): 4255-4265.
Author Response File: Author Response.pdf
Round 3
Reviewer 1 Report
The authors took note of the reviewers' comments and have improved the manuscript.
This manuscript is a resubmission of an earlier submission. The following is a list of the peer review reports and author responses from that submission.
Round 1
Reviewer 1 Report
The merit of the article lacks in presentation, quality and Overall implementation. Obvious works are done in this article. The proposed methodology does not suite for the real-life scenario. The presentation style of this article is not up to the level to tackle the issues of consensus algorithm for renewable energy.
Reviewer 2 Report
Thank you for the opportunity to review this article. Idea of the article is interesting, but before publication some essential editing is needed. Main notes are below:
· Abstract needs to be rewritten. Importance of subject, goal of the article, main methods used and essential results need to be presented in the abstract. Current abstract is too long and doesn’t provide essential information about the article.
· I would recommend to add one more keyword “Renewable energy”.
· It is necessary to revise the title of the publication, so that it would reflect the essence of the article. It is not clear what author has in mind by using concept “efficiency of the renewable energy” in the title.
· Same text is duplicated in the introduction (line 37-55). Also text is duplicated in part “2 New and renewable energy” (88-89 line). All manuscript should be revised and edited.
· Goals and tasks of the article should be presented in the Introduction. Also methods used to achieve the goal should be clearly presented. Since there are quite a few chapters, structure of the the article also should be provided.
· Only basic information which is not systemised and scattered is given in chapter “2.1. New and renewable energy”. This information should be rewritten so that importance of renewable energy development is revealed. Also justification of why block-chain technology would be useful is needed.
· Based on title articles of similar theme should be analysed in part 3 “Related studies”, but this is not the case. Authors should review whole text of the article and chapter titles and make the necessary corrections and improvements, so that text would reflect chapter titles. Title of the chapters should be selected logically.
· Language and stylistics need to be reviewed. There are spelling, proofing and styling errors in the text.
· Explanations of abbreviation are missing when they are used for the first time: P2P power trading, EV charging (line 55) and etc.
· Figure 1 “Smart renewable energy and P2P Blockchain service” needs to be discussed. If this is an updated model, reference to the original source should be provided. Also modifications that were made and and their justification should be indicated.
· Quality of images is bad (Figure 1, Figure 2, Figure 4, Figure 5 etc.).
· Table 1 should be edited based on journal template.
· Literature sources should be detailed. Reader can not identify witch literature source exactly was used for specific statements.
