Extended Theory of Planned Behavior (ETPB): Investigating Customers’ Perception of Restaurants’ Sustainability by Testing a Structural Equation Model
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Theoretical Background
2.1. The Birth of the Theory of Planned Behavior
2.2. The Rise of Sustainability in the Business Context and in the Restaurant Sector
3. Research Design
3.1. Methodology
3.2. Sampling and Data Collection
3.3. Hypotheses and Modeling
3.4. Constructs Measurement and Questionnaire Development
4. Findings
5. Discussion
6. Implications
6.1. Theoretical Contribution
6.2. Managerial Insights
7. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
Appendix A. Constructs, items and sources
Variable | Items | Source |
---|---|---|
Attitude |
| Taylor and Todd [69] |
Subjective norm |
| Venkatesh [55] |
Perceived Behavioral control |
| Taylor and Todd [69] |
Perceived usefulness |
| Guo et al. [70] |
Curiosity |
| Agarwal and Karahanna [71] |
Behavioral intention |
| Fu et al. [72] |
Behavior |
| De Cannière et al. [73] |
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Feature | Distribution |
---|---|
Gender | 54% Male |
46% Female | |
Age | 18 ≤ 27% ≤ 29 |
30 ≤ 39% ≤ 49 | |
50 ≤ 28% ≤ 69 | |
6% ≥ 70 | |
Education | 1% Elementary school |
10% Middle school | |
33% High school | |
22% Bachelor’s degree | |
26% Master’s degree | |
8% Other (Ph.D., Master, Professional course, etc.) | |
Occupation | 32% Employee |
21% Freelance | |
13% Unemployed | |
30% Student | |
4% Retired | |
Nationality | 87% Italian |
13% Foreign |
Variable | Scale Validity | Scale Reliability | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
KMO Test | Bartlett Sphericity (sign.) | Total Explained Variance | Cronbach’s Alpha | |
Attitude | 0.793 | 0.000 | 69.230 | 0.873 |
Subjective norm | 0.917 | 0.000 | 77.454 | 0.827 |
Perceived Behavioral control | 0.855 | 0.000 | 76.856 | 0.934 |
Perceived usefulness | 0.892 | 0.000 | 78.348 | 0.844 |
Curiosity | 0.753 | 0.000 | 61.602 | 0.769 |
Behavioral intention | 0.799 | 0.000 | 66.123 | 0.821 |
Behavior | 0.854 | 0.000 | 71.325 | 0.812 |
Fit Indices | Detected Values |
---|---|
X2/df | 2.458 |
IFI | 0.972 |
0.04 | |
0.988 | |
0.05 |
Hypothesis | Result |
---|---|
H1: Attitude affects behavioral intention | Verified |
H2: subjective norm affects behavioral intention | Verified |
H3: Perceived Behavioral control affects behavioral intention | Verified |
H4: Perceived usefulness affects behavioral intention | Verified |
H5: Curiosity affects behavioral intention | Verified |
H6: Behavioral intention affects behavior | Verified |
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Tommasetti, A.; Singer, P.; Troisi, O.; Maione, G. Extended Theory of Planned Behavior (ETPB): Investigating Customers’ Perception of Restaurants’ Sustainability by Testing a Structural Equation Model. Sustainability 2018, 10, 2580. https://doi.org/10.3390/su10072580
Tommasetti A, Singer P, Troisi O, Maione G. Extended Theory of Planned Behavior (ETPB): Investigating Customers’ Perception of Restaurants’ Sustainability by Testing a Structural Equation Model. Sustainability. 2018; 10(7):2580. https://doi.org/10.3390/su10072580
Chicago/Turabian StyleTommasetti, Aurelio, Pierpaolo Singer, Orlando Troisi, and Gennaro Maione. 2018. "Extended Theory of Planned Behavior (ETPB): Investigating Customers’ Perception of Restaurants’ Sustainability by Testing a Structural Equation Model" Sustainability 10, no. 7: 2580. https://doi.org/10.3390/su10072580