Comparison of Patient Acceptance and Caregiver Satisfaction of Glass-Ionomer Cement vs. Silver Fluoride/Potassium Iodide Application to Manage Molar Incisor Hypomineralisation Hypersensitivity Immediately and After 12 Weeks
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Material and Methods
2.1. Selection of the Participants
2.2. Intervention
2.3. Sample Size Calculation
2.4. Data Collection
2.5. Data Analysis
3. Results
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Treatment Modalities | Study Materials | Description |
---|---|---|
GIC Sealant | Ionostar Plus + Easy Glaze (VOCO GmbH, Germany) | The hypersensitive MIH tooth/teeth was/were sealed with a fast-setting radiopaque bulk-fill glass-ionomer filling material (Ionostar Plus, VOCO) after mixing the capsule for 10 s, followed by an application of a nano-filled, light-curing coating (Easy Glaze, VOCO) with a natural fluorescence for surface sealing cured for 30 s. |
AgF + KI | Riva Star Aqua® (SDI Limited, Australia) | Silver fluoride (AgF; Riva Star Aqua®, SDI Limited) was applied, followed by potassium iodide (KI) using a disposable microbrush applicator (MRG400, Henry Schein, Melville, NY, USA). The application process lasted one minute per tooth, thereby ensuring extensive coverage. |
Patient Variable | Category | GIC Sealant Group (n = 25; 53.2%) | AgF/KI Group (n = 22; 46.8%) | Total | p-Value |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age (in years) | Mean (±SD) | 8.6 (±1.85) | 8.7 (±0.99) | 8.6 (±1.42) | 0.82 * |
Min–Max | 6.2–11.7 | 6.2–10.3 | 6.2–11.7 | ||
Sex | Males | 11 (44.0%) | 14 (63.6%) | 25 (53.2%) | 0.24 ** |
Females | 14 (56.0%) | 8 (36.4%) | 22 (46.8%) | ||
dmft | Mean (±SD) | 2.46 (±3.06) | 2.86 (±2.88) | 2.66 (±2.97) | 0.92 * |
Min–Max | 0.00–9.00 | 0.00–5.00 | 0.00–9.00 | ||
DMFT | Mean (±SD) | 0.80 (±0.87) | 1.64 (±1.40) | 1.22 (±1.13) | 0.60 * |
Min–Max | 0.00–3.00 | 0.00–4.00 | 0.00–4.00 | ||
SCASS | Mean (±SD) | 2.56 (±0.50) | 2.50 (±0.50) | 2.53 (±0.50) | 0.68 * |
Min–Max | 2–3 | 2–3 | 2–3 | ||
Number of hypersensitive MIH molars per patient | Mean (±SD) | 1.72 (±1.02) | 2.41 (±1.10) | 2.07 (±1.06) | 0.64 * |
Min–Max | 1.00–4.00 | 1.00–4.00 | 1.00–4.00 |
Patient Variable | Category | GIC Sealant Group (n = 25; 53.2%) | AgF/KI Group (n = 22; 46.8%) | Total (n = 47, 100%) | p-Value |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age (in years) | Mean (±SD) | 39.8 ± 6.26 | 37.9 ± 4.20 | 38.5 ± 5.37 | 0.23 * |
Min–Max | 27–52 | 30–45 | 27–52 | ||
Sex | Females | 20 (80.0%) | 16 (72.7%) | 36 (76.6%) | 0.73 ** |
Males | 5 (20.0%) | 6 (27.3%) | 11 (23.4%) | ||
Educational background (Father) | ≤Secondary school | 8 (32.0%) | 8 (36.3%) | 16 (34.0%) | 0.76 * |
>Secondary school | 17 (68.0%) | 14 (63.7%) | 31 (66.0%) | ||
Educational background (Mother) | ≤Secondary school | 8 (32.0%) | 8 (36.3%) | 16 (34.0%) | 0.76 * |
>Secondary school | 17 (68.0%) | 14 (63.7%) | 31 (66.0%) |
Statement | Material | Fully Agree/Agree | Neither | Disagree/Totally Disagree | Total N (%) | p Value |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
N (%) | ||||||
I had less hypersensitivity on my MIH molars in last 12 weeks | AgF/KI | 18 (90.0%) | 1 (5.0%) | 1 (5.0%) | 20 (100%) | |
GIC sealant group | 22 (91.6%) | 1 (4.2%) | 1 (4.2%) | 24 (100%) | ||
Total | 40 (90.1%) | 2 (4.4%) | 2 (4.4%) | 44 (100%) | 0.87 * |
Frankl Behaviour Rating Scale (FBRS) | Study Groups | Total N (%) | p-Value * | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Characteristics | Score | GIC Sealant Group (n = 25; 53.2%) | AgF/KI Group (n = 22; 46.8%) | 47 (100%) | |
Definitely negative | 1 | - | - | - | |
Negative | 2 | 3 (12.0%) | 2 (9.1%) | 5 (10.6%) | |
Positive | 3 | 7 (28.0%) | 18 (81.8%) | 25 (53.2%) | |
Definitely positive | 4 | 15 (60.0%) | 2 (9.1%) | 17 (36.2%) | |
Mean (±SD) | 3.5 (±0.71) | 3.0 (±0.43) | 3.3 (±0.64) | <0.05 |
Statement | Material | Time Interval | Fully Agree/Agree | Neither | Disagree/Totally Disagree | Total N (%) | p-Value |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
N (%) | |||||||
I am satisfied with the overall treatment. | AgF/KI | Immediately | 19 (86.4%) | 2 (9.1%) | 1 (4.5%) | 22 (100%) | 0.97 * |
12 weeks | 17 (85.0%) | 3 (15.0%) | - | 20 (100%) | |||
GIC Sealant | Immediately | 19 (76.0%) | 5 (20.0%) | 1 (4.0%) | 25 (100%) | 0.17 * | |
12 weeks | 22 (91.6%) | 1 (4.2%) | 1 (4.2%) | 24 (100%) | |||
p-value ** | 0.44 ** | ||||||
I would recommend this treatment to other children. | AgF/KI | Immediately | 21 (95.5%) | 1 (4.5%) | - | 22 (100%) | 0.51 * |
12 weeks | 18 (90.0%) | 2 (10.0%) | - | 20 (100%) | |||
GIC Sealant | Immediately | 24 (96.0%) | 1 (4.0%) | - | 25 (100%) | 0.52 * | |
12 weeks | 22 (91.6%) | - | 2 (8.4%) | 24 (100%) | |||
p-value * | 0.65 ** | ||||||
I would repeat the treatment if necessary. | AgF/KI | Immediately | 21 (95.5%) | 1 (4.5%) | - | 22 (100%) | 0.97 * |
12 weeks | 19 (95.0%) | 1 (4.5%) | - | 20 (100%) | |||
GIC Sealant | Immediately | 24 (96.0%) | 1 (4.0%) | - | 25 (100%) | 0.26 * | |
12 weeks | 22 (91.6%) | - | 2 (8.4%) | 24 (100%) | |||
p-value * | 0.78 ** | ||||||
The appearance of the MIH teeth worsened after the treatment. | AgF/KI | Immediately | 6 (27.3%) | 2 (9.1%) | 14 (63.3%) | 22 (100%) | 0.56 * |
12 weeks | 2 (10.0%) | 6 (30.0%) | 12 (60.0%) | 20 (100%) | |||
The appearance of the MIH teeth is acceptable after the treatment. | GIC Sealant | Immediately | 21 (84.0%) | 4 (16.0%) | - | 25 (100%) | 0.63 * |
12 weeks | 19 (79.2%) | 4 (16.7%) | 1 (4.1%) | 24 (100%) | |||
I would pay EUR 20 for this material. | AgF/KI | Immediately | 22 (100%) | - | - | 22 (100%) | 0.59 * |
12 weeks | 17 (85.0%) | 2 (10.0%) | 1 (5.0%) | 20 (100%) | |||
The hypersensitivity of MIH has a negative effect on OHRQoL | GIC Sealant | Immediately | 14 (56.0%) | 6 (24.0%) | 5 (20.0%) | 25 (100%) | 0.29 |
12 weeks | 17 (70.8%) | 4 (16.7%) | 3 (12.5%) | 24 (100%) |
Alternative MIH Desensitising Treatment | Study Groups | Total N (%) | p-Value * | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Treatment Option | GIC Sealant Group (n = 22; 50.0%) | AgF/KI Group (n = 22; 50.0%) | 44 (100%) | |
Tooth restoration coverage | - | 15 (68.2%) | 15 (34.1%) | <0.05 |
Desensitising paste | 10 (45.5%) | 3 (13.6%) | 13 (29.6%) | |
Stainless steel crown | 5 (22.7%) | 3 (13.6%) | 8 (18.2%) | |
Fluoride varnish | 7 (31.8%) | 1 (4.6%) | 8 (18.1%) |
Statement | Fully Agree/Agree | Neither | Disagree/Totally Disagree | Total N (%) |
---|---|---|---|---|
N (%) | ||||
The application was easy for my child. | 20 (91.0%) | 1 (4.5%) | 1 (4.5%) | 22 (100%) |
The application was pleasant for my child. | 14 (63.6%) | 5 (22.8%) | 3 (13.6%) | 22 (100%) |
The taste was acceptable for my child. | 11 (50.0%) | 1 (4.6%) | 10 (45.4%) | 22 (100%) |
The smell was acceptable for my child. | 14 (63.6%) | 6 (27.3%) | 2 (9.1%) | 22 (100%) |
The treatment was fast. | 22 (100%) | - | - | 22 (100%) |
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Karim, R.; Ahmed, W.; Baider, M.; Splieth, C.H.; Schmoeckel, J. Comparison of Patient Acceptance and Caregiver Satisfaction of Glass-Ionomer Cement vs. Silver Fluoride/Potassium Iodide Application to Manage Molar Incisor Hypomineralisation Hypersensitivity Immediately and After 12 Weeks. Clin. Pract. 2025, 15, 29. https://doi.org/10.3390/clinpract15020029
Karim R, Ahmed W, Baider M, Splieth CH, Schmoeckel J. Comparison of Patient Acceptance and Caregiver Satisfaction of Glass-Ionomer Cement vs. Silver Fluoride/Potassium Iodide Application to Manage Molar Incisor Hypomineralisation Hypersensitivity Immediately and After 12 Weeks. Clinics and Practice. 2025; 15(2):29. https://doi.org/10.3390/clinpract15020029
Chicago/Turabian StyleKarim, Ramiar, Walaa Ahmed, Mohamed Baider, Christian H. Splieth, and Julian Schmoeckel. 2025. "Comparison of Patient Acceptance and Caregiver Satisfaction of Glass-Ionomer Cement vs. Silver Fluoride/Potassium Iodide Application to Manage Molar Incisor Hypomineralisation Hypersensitivity Immediately and After 12 Weeks" Clinics and Practice 15, no. 2: 29. https://doi.org/10.3390/clinpract15020029
APA StyleKarim, R., Ahmed, W., Baider, M., Splieth, C. H., & Schmoeckel, J. (2025). Comparison of Patient Acceptance and Caregiver Satisfaction of Glass-Ionomer Cement vs. Silver Fluoride/Potassium Iodide Application to Manage Molar Incisor Hypomineralisation Hypersensitivity Immediately and After 12 Weeks. Clinics and Practice, 15(2), 29. https://doi.org/10.3390/clinpract15020029