- Article
Retroperitoneal Hand-Assisted Laparoscopic Nephrectomy and Partial Nephrectomy
- Nosratollah Nezakatzgoo,
- Janet L. Colli,
- Matthew Mutter,
- Sheg Aranmolate and
- Robert Wake
The purpose of the present paper is to describe our technique and experience with retroperitoneal hand-assisted laparoscopic (HAL) nephrectomies as an alternative to the transperitoneal approach. Eight retroperitoneal HAL nephrectomies and one partia...

