Pediatric Reports

564 KiB

Open AccessCase Report

Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Associated with Tumor Lysis Syndrome in a Child with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

by Alessandra Macaluso, Selene Genova, Silvio Maringhini, Giancarlo Coffaro, Ottavio Ziino and Paolo D'Angelo

Pediatr. Rep. 2015, 7(1), 5760; https://doi.org/10.4081/pr.2015.5760 - 27 Mar 2015

Cited by 6 | Viewed by 450

Abstract

Tumor lysis syndrome is a serious and dangerous complication usually associated with antiblastic treatment in some malignancies characterized by high cell turn-over. Mild or severe electrolyte abnormalities including high serum levels of uric acid, potassium, phosphorus, creatinine, bun and reduction of calcium can [...] Read more.

Tumor lysis syndrome is a serious and dangerous complication usually associated with antiblastic treatment in some malignancies characterized by high cell turn-over. Mild or severe electrolyte abnormalities including high serum levels of uric acid, potassium, phosphorus, creatinine, bun and reduction of calcium can be responsible for multi-organ failure, involving mostly kidneys, heart and central nervous system. Renal damage can be followed by acute renal failure, weight gain, progressive liver impairment, overproduction of cytokines, and subsequent maintenance of multi-organ damage. Life-threatening acute respiratory failure associated with tumor lysis syndrome is rare. We describe a child with T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia, who developed an unusually dramatic tumor lysis syndrome, after administration of the first low doses of steroid, that was rapidly associated with severe acute respiratory distress syndrome. Subsequent clinical course and treatment modalities that resulted in the gradual and full recovery of the child are also described. Full article

578 KiB

Open AccessBrief Report

Impact of Psychological Interventions on Reducing Anxiety, Fear and the Need for Sedation in Children Undergoing Magnetic Resonance Imaging

by Maria Pia Viggiano, Fiorenza Giganti, Arianna Rossi, Daniele Di Feo, Laura Vagnoli, Giovanna Calcagno and Claudio Defilippi

Pediatr. Rep. 2015, 7(1), 5682; https://doi.org/10.4081/pr.2015.5682 - 27 Mar 2015

Cited by 46 | Viewed by 1723

Abstract

Children undergoing magnetic resonance imaging examination frequently experience anxiety and fear before and during the scanning. The aim of the present study was to assess: i) whether and to what extent psychological interventions might reduce anxiety and fear levels; ii) whether the intervention [...] Read more.

Children undergoing magnetic resonance imaging examination frequently experience anxiety and fear before and during the scanning. The aim of the present study was to assess: i) whether and to what extent psychological interventions might reduce anxiety and fear levels; ii) whether the intervention is related to a decrease in the need for sedation. The interventions consisted of three activities: a clown show, dog interaction and live music. The emotional status (anxiety and fear) of the children was evaluated before and after the activities through a rating scale questionnaire. The results showed that the activities had high effectiveness in reducing the level of anxiety and fear and decreased the need for sedation in the experimental group compared to the control group. This approach proved to be a positive patient experience, helping to alleviate children’s anxiety and fear, decreasing the need for sedation, and was cost-effective. Full article

667 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Determinants of Stillbirths in Katsina, Nigeria: A Hospital-Based Study

by Bello M. Suleiman, H.M. Ibrahim and N. Abdulkarim

Pediatr. Rep. 2015, 7(1), 5615; https://doi.org/10.4081/pr.2015.5615 - 27 Mar 2015

Cited by 16 | Viewed by 932

Abstract

Every year, about 3 million stillbirths occur globally, almost a third occurring during the intra-partum period. Almost all stillbirths (98%) occur in low and middle income countries, with Nigeria having the third largest burden. The aim of this study was to determine the [...] Read more.

Every year, about 3 million stillbirths occur globally, almost a third occurring during the intra-partum period. Almost all stillbirths (98%) occur in low and middle income countries, with Nigeria having the third largest burden. The aim of this study was to determine the stillbirth rate and its determinants in the Federal Medical Centre Katsina, located in north western Nigeria. This study was a retrospective review of all deliveries conducted between 1^st March 2010 and 31^st December 2012 in Federal Medical Centre Katsina. Data were extracted from labor room and theatre records, and patient folders. Cases were matched with controls by booking status. The privacy and confidentiality of information retrieved from cases and controls was also ensured by anonymizing the data retrieved. No conflict of interest was identified. The data was analyzed with SPSS 20. During the period under review, there were 6628 deliveries, out of which 331 of the products were stillborn. The stillbirth rate was 46.9±3.6 per 1000 deliveries. Determinants of stillbirths were antepartum hemorrhage, hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, uterine rupture, low birth weight and congenital fetal malformations. The study highlighted the poor perinatal health in the study population. Full article

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Open AccessCase Report

Malignant Rhabdoid Tumor of the Liver: A Case Report and Literature Review

by Satoru Oita, Keita Terui, Syugo Komatsu, Tomoro Hishiki, Takeshi Saito, Tetsuya Mitsunaga, Mitsuyuki Nakata and Hideo Yoshida

Pediatr. Rep. 2015, 7(1), 5578; https://doi.org/10.4081/pr.2015.5578 - 03 Mar 2015

Cited by 20 | Viewed by 557

Abstract

Malignant rhabdoid tumor (MRT) is a rare and aggressive malignancy associated with poor outcomes. MRT of the liver is even rarer, and little information has been described. We report the case of an 8-month-old boy with MRT of the liver. The tumor showed [...] Read more.

Malignant rhabdoid tumor (MRT) is a rare and aggressive malignancy associated with poor outcomes. MRT of the liver is even rarer, and little information has been described. We report the case of an 8-month-old boy with MRT of the liver. The tumor showed aggressive progression despite a multidisciplinary approach, and the patient died due to multiple organ failure 14 days after admission. Autopsy revealed the liver tumor and multiple metastases with negative immunohistochemistry for INI1/BAF47. A review of 53 cases of pediatric MRT of the liver is provided. Full article

627 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Paternal Age, Paternal Presence and Children’s Health: An Observational Study

by Julian Gardiner, Alastair G. Sutcliffe, Edward Melhuish and Jacqueline Barnes

Pediatr. Rep. 2015, 7(1), 5659; https://doi.org/10.4081/pr.2015.5659 - 24 Feb 2015

Cited by 7 | Viewed by 467

Abstract

In an observational study of 31,257 children we investigated the effects of paternal age at the time of the child’s birth, paternal absence and non-biological fathers on children’s health. Results are per 5 year change in paternal age. Older fathers were associated with [...] Read more.

In an observational study of 31,257 children we investigated the effects of paternal age at the time of the child’s birth, paternal absence and non-biological fathers on children’s health. Results are per 5 year change in paternal age. Older fathers were associated with lower rates of unintentional injuries, odds ratio (OR)=0.966, P=0.0027. There was a quadratic association between paternal age and risk of hospital admission, β=0.0121, P=0.0109, with minimum risk at paternal age 37.7. Absent fathers were associated with increased risk of hospital admission, OR=1.19, P<10-3, lower rates of complete immunizations to 9 months, OR=0.562, P<10-3, higher Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) difficulties scores: β=0.304, P=0.0024 (3 year olds), β>=0.697, P<10-3 (5 year olds). Non-biological fathers were associated with increased risk of unintentional injury, OR=1.16, P=0.0319 and hospital admission, OR=1.26, P=0.0166; lower rates of complete immunizations to 9 months, OR=0.343, P=0.0309 and higher SDQ difficulties scores: β=0.908, P<10-3. Full article

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Pediatr. Rep., Volume 7, Issue 1 (February 2015) – 5 articles

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