Screening Children in India: Translation and Psychometric Evaluation of the Parents’ Evaluation of Developmental Status and the Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Measures
2.1. Parents’ Evaluation of Developmental Status (PEDS)
2.2. Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ)
3. Translation of PEDS and SDQ to Hindi
3.1. Translation
3.2. Back Translation
3.3. Committee Meeting
3.4. Expert Review
3.5. Pilot Testing Interviews
3.5.1. Participants
3.5.2. Procedure
3.5.3. Results
4. Psychometric Evaluation of the Translated Measures
4.1. Reliability: Internal Consistency
4.1.1. Research Setting
4.1.2. Participants
4.1.3. Procedure
4.1.4. Results
4.2. Reliability: Test–Retest
4.2.1. Participants
4.2.2. Results
4.3. Validity: Construct-Related
4.3.1. Participants
4.3.2. Procedure
4.3.3. Results
5. Discussion
6. Limitations and Future Recommendations
7. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Demographic Characteristics | n | % |
---|---|---|
Parent | ||
Mother | 19 | 90 |
Father | 2 | 10 |
Highest Educational Qualification | ||
Certificate/Diploma | 2 | 10 |
Undergraduate Degree | 1 | 4 |
Postgraduate Degree | 18 | 86 |
Yearly Household Income | ||
<75,000 INR * | 4 | 19 |
INR 0.75–1.5 lakhs | 1 | 5 |
INR 1.6–3 lakhs | 1 | 5 |
INR 3.1–5 lakhs | 4 | 19 |
INR 5.1–10 lakhs | 3 | 14 |
>10 lakhs | 8 | 38 |
Demographic Characteristics | Reliability (Internal Consistency) (n = 466) | Reliability (Test–Retest) (n = 48) | Validity (Known Group) (n = 38) | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
TD | DD | TD | DD | TD and DD | |
Gender of the Child | |||||
Males | 259 (64%) | 43 (73%) | 27 (64%) | 5 (83%) | 22 (58%) |
Females | 148 (36%) | 16 (27%) | 15 (36%) | 1 (17%) | 16 (42%) |
Parent | |||||
Mother | 276 (68%) | 41 (69%) | 33 (79%) | 3 (50%) | 27 (71%) |
Father | 131 (32%) | 18 (31%) | 9 (21%) | 3 (50%) | 11 (29%) |
Highest Educational Level | |||||
Middle school | 14 (3%) | 23 (39%) | 3 (7%) | 0 (0%) | 7 (18%) |
High school | 35 (9%) | 4 (8%) | 1 (2%) | 0 (0%) | 1 (3%) |
Diploma | 21 (5%) | 5 (8%) | 1 (2%) | 0 (0%) | 2 (5%) |
Undergraduate degree | 118 (29%) | 15 (25%) | 12 (30%) | 5 (83%) | 12 (31%) |
Postgraduate degree | 219 (54%) | 12 (20%) | 25 (59%) | 1 (17%) | 16 (42%) |
Yearly household income | |||||
<75 k | 67 (16%) | 28 (47%) | 7 (17%) | 1 (17%) | 11 (29%) |
75 k–1.5 Lac | 55 (14%) | 6 (10%) | 5 (12%) | 0 (0%) | 8 (21%) |
1.6–3 Lac | 42 (10%) | 9 (15%) | 2 (5%) | 1 (17%) | 7 (18%) |
3.1–5 Lac | 90 (22%) | 4 (8%) | 9 (21%) | 0 (0%) | 4 (10%) |
5.1–10 Lac | 88 (22%) | 11 (19%) | 10 (24%) | 4 (66%) | 4 (66%) |
>10.1 Lac | 65 (16%) | 1 (1%) | 9 (21%) | 0 (0%) | 2 (5%) |
SDQ Subscales | TD | DD | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Parent | Teacher | Parent | Teacher | |
Total Difficulties | 0.63 | 0.78 | 0.75 | 0.76 |
Emotional Symptoms | 0.61 | 0.82 | 0.56 | 0.57 |
Conduct Problem | 0.49 | 0.56 | 0.61 | 0.63 |
Hyperactivity | 0.53 | 0.71 | 0.62 | 0.62 |
Peer Problem | 0.30 | 0.40 | * | * |
Prosocial Behavior | 0.61 | 0.78 | 0.63 | 0.63 |
Measure | Test–Retest Correlation | |
---|---|---|
TD | DD | |
PEDS | 0.45 * | −0.29 |
SDQ Subscales | ||
Total Difficulties | 0.73 * | 0.81 * |
Emotional Symptoms | 0.72 * | 0.89 * |
Conduct Problem | 0.52 * | 0.57 |
Hyperactivity | 0.64 * | 0.80 |
Peer Problem | 0.52 * | 0.45 |
Prosocial Behavior | 0.66 * | 0.63 |
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Sheel, H.; Suárez, L.; Marsh, N.V. Screening Children in India: Translation and Psychometric Evaluation of the Parents’ Evaluation of Developmental Status and the Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire. Pediatr. Rep. 2023, 15, 750-765. https://doi.org/10.3390/pediatric15040067
Sheel H, Suárez L, Marsh NV. Screening Children in India: Translation and Psychometric Evaluation of the Parents’ Evaluation of Developmental Status and the Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire. Pediatric Reports. 2023; 15(4):750-765. https://doi.org/10.3390/pediatric15040067
Chicago/Turabian StyleSheel, Hina, Lidia Suárez, and Nigel V. Marsh. 2023. "Screening Children in India: Translation and Psychometric Evaluation of the Parents’ Evaluation of Developmental Status and the Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire" Pediatric Reports 15, no. 4: 750-765. https://doi.org/10.3390/pediatric15040067
APA StyleSheel, H., Suárez, L., & Marsh, N. V. (2023). Screening Children in India: Translation and Psychometric Evaluation of the Parents’ Evaluation of Developmental Status and the Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire. Pediatric Reports, 15(4), 750-765. https://doi.org/10.3390/pediatric15040067