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Neurology International
Volume 4
Issue 1
10.4081/ni.2012.e4
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Neurology International is published by MDPI from Volume 12 Issue 3 (2020). Previous articles were published by another publisher in Open Access under a CC-BY licence, and they are hosted by MDPI on mdpi.com as a courtesy and upon agreement with PAGEPress.
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Case Report

Thalamic Alexia with Agraphia

by
Fábio Henrique de Gobbi Porto
1,
Maria Isabel d’Ávila Freitas
1,
Maira Okada de Oliveira
1,
Leandro Tavares Lucato
2,
Marco Orsini
3,*,
Sara Lúcia Silveira de Menezes
4,
Regina Miksian Magaldi
5,
Cláudia Sellitto Porto
1,
Sonia Maria Dozzi Brucki
1 and
Ricardo Nitrini
1
1
Behavioral and Cognitive Neurology Unit, Department of Neurology and Cognitive Disorders Reference Center (CEREDIC), São Paulo, Brazil
2
Department of Radiology, Clinical Hospital of University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
3
Neurology Department, Fluminense Federal University and Masters Program in Science Rehabilitation, UNISUAM, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
4
Masters Program in Science Rehabilitation, UNISUAM, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
5
Memory and Aging Unit, Geriatric Service, Department of Clinical Medicine and Cognitive Disorders Reference Center, University of São Paulo School of Medicine, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Neurol. Int. 2012, 4(1), e4; https://doi.org/10.4081/ni.2012.e4
Submission received: 13 November 2011 / Revised: 13 November 2011 / Accepted: 5 December 2011 / Published: 9 February 2012

Abstract

Alexia with agraphia is defined as an acquired impairment affecting reading and writing ability. It can be associated with aphasia, but can also occur as an isolated entity. This impairment has classically been associated with a left angular gyrus lesion In the present study, we describe a case involving a patient who developed alexia with agraphia and other cognitive deficits after a thalamic hemorrhage. In addition, we discuss potential mechanisms of this cortical dysfunction syndrome caused by subcortical injury. We examined a patient who presented with alexia with agraphia and other cognitive deficits due to a hemorrhage in the left thalamus. Neuropsychological evaluation showed attention, executive function, arithmetic and memory impairments. In addition, language tests revealed severe alexia with agraphia in the absence of aphasia. Imaging studies disclosed an old thalamic hemorrhage involving the anterior, dorsomedial and pulvinar nuclei. Tractography revealed asymmetric thalamocortical radiations in the parietal region (left - right), and single photon emission computed tomography demonstrated hypoperfusion in the left thalamus that extended to the frontal and parietal cortices. Cortical cognitive deficits, including alexia with agraphia, may occur as the result of thalamic lesions. The probable mechanism is a diaschisis phenomenon involving thalamic tract disconnections.
Keywords: agraphia with alexia; thalamic lesion; diaschisis phenomenon; tract disconnection agraphia with alexia; thalamic lesion; diaschisis phenomenon; tract disconnection

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MDPI and ACS Style

de Gobbi Porto, F.H.; d’Ávila Freitas, M.I.; de Oliveira, M.O.; Tavares Lucato, L.; Orsini, M.; Silveira de Menezes, S.L.; Miksian Magaldi, R.; Sellitto Porto, C.; Dozzi Brucki, S.M.; Nitrini, R. Thalamic Alexia with Agraphia. Neurol. Int. 2012, 4, e4. https://doi.org/10.4081/ni.2012.e4

AMA Style

de Gobbi Porto FH, d’Ávila Freitas MI, de Oliveira MO, Tavares Lucato L, Orsini M, Silveira de Menezes SL, Miksian Magaldi R, Sellitto Porto C, Dozzi Brucki SM, Nitrini R. Thalamic Alexia with Agraphia. Neurology International. 2012; 4(1):e4. https://doi.org/10.4081/ni.2012.e4

Chicago/Turabian Style

de Gobbi Porto, Fábio Henrique, Maria Isabel d’Ávila Freitas, Maira Okada de Oliveira, Leandro Tavares Lucato, Marco Orsini, Sara Lúcia Silveira de Menezes, Regina Miksian Magaldi, Cláudia Sellitto Porto, Sonia Maria Dozzi Brucki, and Ricardo Nitrini. 2012. "Thalamic Alexia with Agraphia" Neurology International 4, no. 1: e4. https://doi.org/10.4081/ni.2012.e4

APA Style

de Gobbi Porto, F. H., d’Ávila Freitas, M. I., de Oliveira, M. O., Tavares Lucato, L., Orsini, M., Silveira de Menezes, S. L., Miksian Magaldi, R., Sellitto Porto, C., Dozzi Brucki, S. M., & Nitrini, R. (2012). Thalamic Alexia with Agraphia. Neurology International, 4(1), e4. https://doi.org/10.4081/ni.2012.e4

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