Does the Vehicle Matter? Real-World Evidence on Adherence to Topical Treatment in Psoriasis
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Participants
2.2. Design and Procedures
2.2.1. Sociodemographic and Clinical Questionnaire
2.2.2. Body Area and Severity Assessment
2.2.3. Adherence Measurement
Medication Log
Medication Weight
Adherence Questionnaire
Adherence Calculation
2.2.4. Evaluation of the Influence of the Vehicle on Adherence
2.2.5. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Sample Characterization
3.2. Adherence to Topical Treatment
3.3. Influence of Treatment-Related Variables on Adherence
3.4. Influence of the Vehicle on Adherence
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Sociodemographic/Clinical Variable | Categories | N | % |
---|---|---|---|
Gender | Male | 57 | 55.9 |
Female | 45 | 44.1 | |
Marital status | Single/divorced/widowed | 32 | 31.4 |
Married | 70 | 68.6 | |
Education | Secondary/primary | 88 | 87.2 |
Higher education | 13 | 12.8 | |
Employment status | Employed/student | 62 | 61.4 |
Unemployed/retired | 39 | 38.6 | |
Family history of psoriasis | Yes | 54 | 54.0 |
No | 46 | 46.0 | |
Comorbidities | Yes | 56 | 54.9 |
No | 46 | 45.1 | |
Severity of psoriasis (SAPASI) | Mild | 36 | 35.6 |
Moderate | 52 | 51.5 | |
Severe | 11 | 10.9 |
Adherence Measure | N | Mean (%) | SD |
---|---|---|---|
Adherence L | 95 | 70.0 | 25.9 |
Adherence W | 88 | 47.1 | 28.2 |
Adherence Combo | 90 | 65.4 | 19.3 |
Adherence Rate | N | (%) |
---|---|---|
Less than 80% | 57 | 60.6 |
Between 80 and 120% | 23 | 24.5 |
More than 120% | 14 | 14.9 |
Variable | Categories | Mass Per Application (mg/cm2) | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Median | Minimum | Maximum | p-Value | ||
Clusters | Group 1 | 1.17 | 0.11 | 3.30 | 0.744 |
Group 2 | 1.11 | 0.07 | 7.61 | ||
Gender | Male | 1.19 | 0.18 | 7.61 | 0.720 |
Female | 1.14 | 0.07 | 7.98 | ||
Affected area | Small | 1.49 | 0.002 | ||
Extensive | 0.76 |
Treatment Related Variables | Categories | N | % |
---|---|---|---|
It is the first time this treatment has been prescribed? | Yes | 35 | 36.1 |
No | 62 | 63.9 | |
Some medications are identical to the ones you were taking? | Yes | 67 | 81.7 |
No | 15 | 18.3 | |
You were instructed on how to apply the medication? | Yes | 87 | 94.6 |
No | 5 | 5.4 | |
Information about the treatment was provided? | Yes | 26 | 25.7 |
No | 75 | 74.3 | |
The use of skin care products was recommended by the physician? | Yes | 36 | 38.3 |
No | 58 | 61.7 | |
Was clarification provided about the treatment at the pharmacy? | Yes | 3 | 3.1 |
No | 93 | 96.9 | |
Was the medicine applied only by you? | Yes | 76 | 76.8 |
No | 23 | 23.2 | |
Did you use skin care products as a complement to psoriasis treatment? | Yes | 58 | 62.4 |
No | 35 | 37.6 |
Reasons for Non-Adherence | N (Total 67) | % |
---|---|---|
Medication was effective | 14 | 20.9 |
Treatment interferes with activities | 13 | 19.4 |
Forgetfulness | 12 | 17.9 |
Medicine was not effective | 8 | 11.9 |
Difficult to access lesion’s anatomic site | 4 | 6.0 |
Long application time | 4 | 6.0 |
Fear of the side effects | 3 | 4.5 |
Medicine leaves stains | 3 | 4.5 |
Inconvenient time | 2 | 3.0 |
Medicine is difficult to spread | 2 | 3.0 |
Expensive treatment | 1 | 1.5 |
Medicine caused itching | 1 | 1.5 |
Patients that did not identify any reason | 35 | 34.3 |
N(Total 102) |
Treatment Related Variables | Categories | Adherence No | Adherence Yes | p-Value | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
N | % | N | % | |||
Dosage form group | Group 1 | 21 | 32.3 | 10 | 45.5 | 0.195 |
Group 2 | 44 | 67.7 | 12 | 54.5 | ||
First-time prescribed treatment | No | 41 | 60.3 | 15 | 71.4 | 0.506 |
Yes | 27 | 39.7 | 6 | 28.6 | ||
Mode of application of medication was instructed | No | 3 | 4.5 | 1 | 5.6 | 1 |
Yes | 64 | 95.5 | 17 | 94.4 | ||
Treatment information was provided | No | 54 | 77.1 | 14 | 60.9 | 0.209 |
Yes | 16 | 22.9 | 9 | 39.1 | ||
Skin care products were recommended | No | 42 | 64.6 | 13 | 61.9 | 1 |
Yes | 23 | 35.4 | 8 | 38.1 | ||
Skin care products were used | No | 30 | 48.4 | 10 | 45.5 | 1 |
Yes | 32 | 51.6 | 12 | 54.5 |
Variables | Coefficient | Standard Error | p-Value | 95% CI |
---|---|---|---|---|
Constant | 0.236 | 0.503 | 0.627 | −0.721; 1.231 |
Group 2 | −1.460 | 0.657 | 0.020 | −2.765; −0.227 |
Extensive area | −2.505 | 1.019 | 0.003 | −4.874; −0.781 |
Group 2 * Extensive area | 2.463 | 1.208 | 0.025 | 0.296; 5.086 |
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Teixeira, A.; Teixeira, M.; Almeida, V.; Gaio, R.; Torres, T.; Magina, S.; Cunha, C.; Sousa Lobo, J.M.; Almeida, I.F. Does the Vehicle Matter? Real-World Evidence on Adherence to Topical Treatment in Psoriasis. Pharmaceutics 2021, 13, 1539. https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics13101539
Teixeira A, Teixeira M, Almeida V, Gaio R, Torres T, Magina S, Cunha C, Sousa Lobo JM, Almeida IF. Does the Vehicle Matter? Real-World Evidence on Adherence to Topical Treatment in Psoriasis. Pharmaceutics. 2021; 13(10):1539. https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics13101539
Chicago/Turabian StyleTeixeira, Ana, Maribel Teixeira, Vera Almeida, Rita Gaio, Tiago Torres, Sofia Magina, Cátia Cunha, José M. Sousa Lobo, and Isabel F. Almeida. 2021. "Does the Vehicle Matter? Real-World Evidence on Adherence to Topical Treatment in Psoriasis" Pharmaceutics 13, no. 10: 1539. https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics13101539
APA StyleTeixeira, A., Teixeira, M., Almeida, V., Gaio, R., Torres, T., Magina, S., Cunha, C., Sousa Lobo, J. M., & Almeida, I. F. (2021). Does the Vehicle Matter? Real-World Evidence on Adherence to Topical Treatment in Psoriasis. Pharmaceutics, 13(10), 1539. https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics13101539