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Article

Genetic Diversity of Tick-Borne Encephalitis Virus in Kyrgyzstan

by
Leyla H. Shigapova
1,
Irina V. Kozlova
2,
Galya V. Klink
3,
Elena K. Doroshchenko
2,
Olga V. Suntsova
2,
Oksana V. Lisak
2,
Elena I. Shagimardanova
4,5,6,
Yuriy P. Dzhioev
7,
Vladimir I. Zlobin
8 and
Sergey E. Tkachev
1,*
1
Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University, Kazan 420012, Russia
2
Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution Scientific Centre for Family Health and Human Reproduction, Irkutsk 664003, Russia
3
International Laboratory of Statistical and Computational Genomics, National Research University—Higher School of Economics, Moscow 109028, Russia
4
Genomics and Bio-imaging Core Facility, Moscow 121205, Russia
5
Life Improvement by Future Technologies (LIFT) Center, Moscow 121205, Russia
6
Loginov Moscow Clinical Scientific Center, Moscow 111394, Russia
7
Faculty of Preventive Medicine, Irkutsk State Medical University, Irkutsk 664003, Russia
8
National Research Center for Epidemiology and Microbiology Named After Honorary Academician Nikolai Fedorovich Gamaleya of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow 123098, Russia
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Viruses 2026, 18(1), 107; https://doi.org/10.3390/v18010107
Submission received: 26 November 2025 / Revised: 6 January 2026 / Accepted: 9 January 2026 / Published: 13 January 2026
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Tick-Borne Viruses 2026)
Versions Notes

Abstract

Tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) causes tick-borne encephalitis (TBE), a severe disease of the human central nervous system. Currently, the data on the genetic variants of TBEV in Kyrgyzstan are practically absent. Therefore, the aim of this study was to analyze and describe the genetic diversity of TBEV in this region. The complete genome sequences of seven TBEV strains from the collection of the Scientific Centre for Family Health and Human Reproduction Problems (Irkutsk, Russia) were determined. These strains, isolated from Ixodes persulcatus ticks from Kyrgyzstan, were sequenced using the next generation sequencing approach on a MiSeq high-performance sequencer (Illumina, San Diego, CA, USA). A molecular genetic analysis of the obtained sequences, along with sequences of two previously isolated TBEV strains from Kyrgyzstan available in the GenBank database, demonstrated that the Siberian subtype of three genetic lineages (Zausaev, Vasilchenko and Bosnia) is predominantly distributed in Kyrgyzstan. The Far Eastern subtype of TBEV is also present. To date, this location probably represents the southernmost boundary of these TBEV subtypes’ ranges.
Keywords: tick-borne encephalitis virus; Kyrgyzstan; subtypes; genetic lineages; Ixodes persulcatus tick-borne encephalitis virus; Kyrgyzstan; subtypes; genetic lineages; Ixodes persulcatus

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MDPI and ACS Style

Shigapova, L.H.; Kozlova, I.V.; Klink, G.V.; Doroshchenko, E.K.; Suntsova, O.V.; Lisak, O.V.; Shagimardanova, E.I.; Dzhioev, Y.P.; Zlobin, V.I.; Tkachev, S.E. Genetic Diversity of Tick-Borne Encephalitis Virus in Kyrgyzstan. Viruses 2026, 18, 107. https://doi.org/10.3390/v18010107

AMA Style

Shigapova LH, Kozlova IV, Klink GV, Doroshchenko EK, Suntsova OV, Lisak OV, Shagimardanova EI, Dzhioev YP, Zlobin VI, Tkachev SE. Genetic Diversity of Tick-Borne Encephalitis Virus in Kyrgyzstan. Viruses. 2026; 18(1):107. https://doi.org/10.3390/v18010107

Chicago/Turabian Style

Shigapova, Leyla H., Irina V. Kozlova, Galya V. Klink, Elena K. Doroshchenko, Olga V. Suntsova, Oksana V. Lisak, Elena I. Shagimardanova, Yuriy P. Dzhioev, Vladimir I. Zlobin, and Sergey E. Tkachev. 2026. "Genetic Diversity of Tick-Borne Encephalitis Virus in Kyrgyzstan" Viruses 18, no. 1: 107. https://doi.org/10.3390/v18010107

APA Style

Shigapova, L. H., Kozlova, I. V., Klink, G. V., Doroshchenko, E. K., Suntsova, O. V., Lisak, O. V., Shagimardanova, E. I., Dzhioev, Y. P., Zlobin, V. I., & Tkachev, S. E. (2026). Genetic Diversity of Tick-Borne Encephalitis Virus in Kyrgyzstan. Viruses, 18(1), 107. https://doi.org/10.3390/v18010107

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