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Volume 17
Issue 7
10.3390/v17070916
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This is an early access version, the complete PDF, HTML, and XML versions will be available soon.
Article

Phloroglucinol Oligomers from Callistemon rigidus as Novel Anti-Hantavirus Replication Agents

by
Jin-Xuan Yang
1,3,†,
E-E Luo
2,3,†,
Yue-Chun Wu
1,3,
Kai Zhao
1,3,
Wei Hou
4,*,
Mu-Yuan Yu
2,*,
Xu-Jie Qin
2,3,* and
Xing-Lou Yang
1,3,*
1
Key Laboratory of Genetic Evolution & Animal Models, Yunnan International Joint Laboratory of Zoonotic Viruses, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Biodiversity Information, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China
2
State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Natural Medicines, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China
3
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
4
State Key Laboratory of Virology, Institute of Medical Virology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
These authors contributed equally to this work.
Viruses 2025, 17(7), 916; https://doi.org/10.3390/v17070916 (registering DOI)
Submission received: 24 April 2025 / Revised: 23 June 2025 / Accepted: 24 June 2025 / Published: 27 June 2025
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Hantavirus 2024)
Versions Notes

Abstract

Zoonotic viral diseases have continued to threaten global public health in recent decades, with rodent-borne viruses being significant contributors. Infection by rodent-carried hantaviruses (HV) can result in hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) and hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS) in humans, with varying degrees of morbidity and mortality. However, no Food and Drug Administration (FDA) vaccines or therapeutics have been approved for the treatment of these diseases. In an effort to identify antiviral bioactive molecules, we isolated four oligomeric phloroglucinols from Callistemon rigidus leaves, including two new phloroglucinol trimers, callistemontrimer A and B, along with two previously characterized phloroglucinol dimers, rhodomyrtosone B and rhodomyrtone. We evaluated the anti-Hantaan virus (HTNV) activity of these compounds. Notably, callistemontrimer A demonstrated higher anti-HTNV activity compared to ribavirin. Mechanistic studies revealed that callistemontrimer A exerted its antiviral effects by inhibiting viral replication, likely through interaction with RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) of HTNV, as supported by molecular docking analysis. These results highlight oligomeric phloroglucinols as promising lead candidates for the development of anti-HV therapeutics.
Keywords: Callistemon rigidus; phloroglucinol oligomers; hantavirus; anti-HTNV activity; molecular docking Callistemon rigidus; phloroglucinol oligomers; hantavirus; anti-HTNV activity; molecular docking

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MDPI and ACS Style

Yang, J.-X.; Luo, E.-E.; Wu, Y.-C.; Zhao, K.; Hou, W.; Yu, M.-Y.; Qin, X.-J.; Yang, X.-L. Phloroglucinol Oligomers from Callistemon rigidus as Novel Anti-Hantavirus Replication Agents. Viruses 2025, 17, 916. https://doi.org/10.3390/v17070916

AMA Style

Yang J-X, Luo E-E, Wu Y-C, Zhao K, Hou W, Yu M-Y, Qin X-J, Yang X-L. Phloroglucinol Oligomers from Callistemon rigidus as Novel Anti-Hantavirus Replication Agents. Viruses. 2025; 17(7):916. https://doi.org/10.3390/v17070916

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yang, Jin-Xuan, E-E Luo, Yue-Chun Wu, Kai Zhao, Wei Hou, Mu-Yuan Yu, Xu-Jie Qin, and Xing-Lou Yang. 2025. "Phloroglucinol Oligomers from Callistemon rigidus as Novel Anti-Hantavirus Replication Agents" Viruses 17, no. 7: 916. https://doi.org/10.3390/v17070916

APA Style

Yang, J.-X., Luo, E.-E., Wu, Y.-C., Zhao, K., Hou, W., Yu, M.-Y., Qin, X.-J., & Yang, X.-L. (2025). Phloroglucinol Oligomers from Callistemon rigidus as Novel Anti-Hantavirus Replication Agents. Viruses, 17(7), 916. https://doi.org/10.3390/v17070916

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