Clinical Manifestations of Infections with the Omicron Sub-Lineages BA.1, BA.2, and BA.5: A Retrospective Follow-Up Analysis of Public Health Data from Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania, Germany
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
3. Results
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Characteristics | BA.1 | BA.2 | BA.5 | p-Value 1 | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
n | % | n | % | n | % | |||
Total | Cases | 253 | 14.0 | 1.034 | 57.4 | 516 | 28.6 | - |
Sex | Female | 125 | 49.4 | 537 | 51.9 | 285 | 55.2 | 0.247 |
Male | 127 | 50.2 | 491 | 47.5 | 231 | 44.8 | ||
Unknown | 1 | 0.4 | 6 | 0.6 | 0 | 0.0 | ||
Age groups | 0–19 | 54 | 21.3 | 164 | 15.9 | 49 | 9.5 | <0.001 |
20–39 | 70 | 27.7 | 286 | 27.7 | 148 | 28.7 | ||
40–59 | 81 | 32.0 | 328 | 31.7 | 200 | 38.8 | ||
60–79 | 31 | 12.3 | 180 | 17.4 | 84 | 16.3 | ||
80+ | 17 | 6.7 | 73 | 7.1 | 35 | 6.8 | ||
Unknown | 0 | 0.0 | 3 | 0.3 | 0 | 0.0 | ||
Symptoms | Yes | 174 | 68.8 | 574 | 55.5 | 204 | 39.5 | <0.001 |
No | 79 | 31.2 | 460 | 44.5 | 312 | 60.5 | ||
Unknown | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | ||
Vaccination | Yes | 96 | 37.9 | 354 | 34.2 | 164 | 31.8 | <0.001 |
No | 41 | 16.2 | 79 | 7.6 | 10 | 1.9 | ||
Unknown | 116 | 45.8 | 601 | 58.1 | 342 | 66.3 | ||
Re-infection | Yes | 2 | 0.8 | 10 | 1.0 | 12 | 2.3 | 0.012 |
No | 116 | 45.8 | 303 | 29.3 | 133 | 25.8 | ||
Unknown | 135 | 53.4 | 721 | 69.7 | 371 | 71.9 | ||
Status | Vital | 197 | 77.9 | 588 | 56.9 | 94 | 18.2 | 0.145 |
Deceased | 2 | 0.8 | 10 | 1.0 | 4 | 0.8 | ||
Unknown | 54 | 21.3 | 436 | 42.2 | 418 | 81.0 |
Symptom | Status | BA.1 | BA.2 | BA.5 | p-Value 1 | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
n (%) | CI 95 [%] | n (%) | CI 95 [%] | n (%) | CI 95 [%] | |||
Runny nose | Positive | 128 (73.6%) | [66.7–79.7] | 474 (82.6%) | [79.3–85.5] | 164 (80.4%) | [74.5–85.4] | 0.032 |
n.r. | 46 (26.4%) | [20.3–33.3] | 100 (17.4%) | [14.5–20.7] | 40 (19.6%) | [14.6–25.5] | ||
Cough | Positive | 111 (63.8%) | [56.5–70.7] | 442 (77%) | [73.4–80.3] | 162 (79.4%) | [73.5–84.5] | <0.001 |
n.r. | 63 (36.2%) | [29.3–43.5] | 132 (23%) | [19.7–26.6] | 42 (20.6%) | [15.5–26.5] | ||
Headache | Positive | 97 (55.7%) | [48.3–63.0] | 318 (55.4%) | [51.3–59.4] | 128 (62.7%) | [56.0–69.2] | 0.177 |
n.r. | 77 (44.3%) | [37.0–51.7] | 256 (44.6%) | [40.6–48.7] | 76 (37.3%) | [30.8–44.0] | ||
Sore throat/pharyngitis | Positive | 80 (46%) | [38.7–53.4] | 314 (54.7%) | [50.6–58.7] | 124 (60.8%) | [54.0–67.3] | 0.015 |
n.r. | 94 (54%) | [46.6–61.3] | 260 (45.3%) | [41.3–49.4] | 80 (39.2%) | [32.7–46.0] | ||
Muscle or body aches | Positive | 55 (31.6%) | [25.0–38.8] | 225 (39.2%) | [35.3–43.2] | 89 (43.6%) | [37.0–50.5] | 0.054 |
n.r. | 119 (68.4%) | [61.2–75.0] | 349 (60.8%) | [56.8–64.7] | 115 (56.4%) | [49.5–63.0] | ||
Fever | Positive | 46 (26.4%) | [20.3–33.3] | 183 (31.9%) | [28.2–35.8] | 97 (47.5%) | [40.8–54.4] | <0.001 |
n.r. | 128 (73.6%) | [66.7–79.7] | 391 (68.1%) | [64.2–71.8] | 107 (52.5%) | [45.6–59.2] | ||
Other symptoms | Positive | 38 (21.8%) | [16.2–28.4] | 149 (26%) | [22.5–29.7] | 62 (30.4%) | [24.4–36.9] | 0.166 |
n.r. | 136 (78.2%) | [71.6–83.8] | 425 (74%) | [70.3–77.5] | 142 (69.6%) | [63.1–75.6] | ||
Severe feeling of sickness | Positive | 25 (14.4%) | [9.8–20.2] | 140 (24.4%) | [21.0–28.0] | 69 (33.8%) | [27.6–40.5] | <0.001 |
n.r. | 149 (85.6%) | [79.8–90.2] | 434 (75.6%) | [72.0–79.0] | 135 (66.2%) | [59.5–72.4] | ||
Freeze | Positive | 41 (23.6%) | [17.7–30.3] | 135 (23.5%) | [20.2–27.1] | 61 (29.9%) | [23.9–36.4] | 0.175 |
n.r. | 133 (76.4%) | [69.7–82.3] | 439 (76.5%) | [72.9–79.8] | 143 (70.1%) | [63.6–76.1] | ||
Chills or sweating | Positive | 39 (22.4%) | [16.7–29] | 118 (20.6%) | [17.4–24] | 50 (24.5%) | [19–30.7] | 0.487 |
n.r. | 135 (77.6%) | [71.0–83.3] | 456 (79.4%) | [76.0–82.6] | 154 (75.5%) | [69.3–81.0] | ||
Loss of taste | Positive | 22 (12.6%) | [8.3–18.2] | 97 (16.9%) | [14.0–20.1] | 42 (20.6%) | [15.5–26.5] | 0.121 |
n.r. | 152 (87.4%) | [81.8–91.7] | 477 (83.1%) | [79.9–86] | 162 (79.4%) | [73.5–84.5] | ||
Loss of smell | Positive | 16 (9.2%) | [5.6–14.2] | 74 (12.9%) | [10.3–15.8] | 39 (19.1%) | [14.2–24.9] | 0.015 |
n.r. | 158 (90.8%) | [85.8–94.4] | 500 (87.1%) | [84.2–89.7] | 165 (80.9%) | [75.1–85.8] | ||
Diarrhea | Positive | 18 (10.3%) | [6.5–15.5] | 70 (12.2%) | [9.7–15.1] | 26 (12.7%) | [8.7–17.8] | 0.748 |
n.r. | 156 (89.7%) | [84.5–93.5] | 504 (87.8%) | [84.9–90.3] | 178 (87.3%) | [82.2–91.3] | ||
Breathing difficulties/dyspnea | Positive | 17 (9.8%) | [6.0–14.8] | 66 (11.5%) | [9.1–14.3] | 18 (8.8%) | [5.5–13.3] | 0.524 |
n.r. | 157 (90.2%) | [85.2–94] | 508 (88.5%) | [85.7–90.9] | 186 (91.2%) | [86.7–94.5] | ||
Nausea | Positive | 18 (10.3%) | [6.5–15.5] | 58 (10.1%) | [7.8–12.8] | 27 (13.2%) | [9.1–18.4] | 0.454 |
n.r. | 156 (89.7%) | [84.5–93.5] | 516 (89.9%) | [87.2–92.2] | 177 (86.8%) | [81.6–90.9] | ||
Increased heartrate/tachycardia | Positive | 8 (4.6%) | [2.2–8.5] | 43 (7.5%) | [5.5–9.9] | 11 (5.4%) | [2.9–9.1] | 0.306 |
n.r. | 166 (95.4%) | [91.5–97.8] | 531 (92.5%) | [90.1–94.5] | 193 (94.6%) | [90.9–97.1] | ||
Rapid breathing/tachypnea | Positive | 3 (1.7%) | [0.5–4.5] | 26 (4.5%) | [3.1–6.5] | 10 (4.9%) | [2.5–8.5] | 0.212 |
n.r. | 171 (98.3%) | [95.5–99.5] | 548 (95.5%) | [93.5–96.9] | 194 (95.1%) | [91.5–97.5] | ||
Pneumonia | Positive | 0 (0%) | [0–0] | 5 (0.9%) | [0.3–1.9] | 0 (0%) | [0–0] | 0.191 |
n.r. | 174 (100%) | [0–0] | 569 (99.1%) | [98.1–99.7] | 204 (100%) | [0–0] | ||
Acute respiratory distress syndrome | Positive | 0 (0%) | [0–0] | 2 (0.3%) | [0.1–1.1] | 0 (0%) | [0–0] | 0.517 |
n.r. | 174 (100%) | [0–0] | 572 (99.7%) | [98.9–99.9] | 204 (100%) | [0–0] | ||
Respiratory insufficiency/assisted ventilation | Positive | 0 (0%) | [0–0] | 1 (0.2%) | [0–0.8] | 0 (0%) | [0–0] | 0.719 |
n.r. | 174 (100%) | [0–0] | 573 (99.8%) | [99.2–100] | 204 (100%) | [0–0] | ||
Oxygen saturation < 94% | Positive | 0 | [–] | 0 | [–] | 0 | [–] | - |
n.r. | 174 (100%) | [0–0] | 574 (100%) | [0–0] | 204 (100%) | [0–0] |
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Goller, K.V.; Ziemann, J.; Kohler, C.; Becker, K.; Hübner, N.-O.; on behalf of the CoMV-Gen Study Group. Clinical Manifestations of Infections with the Omicron Sub-Lineages BA.1, BA.2, and BA.5: A Retrospective Follow-Up Analysis of Public Health Data from Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania, Germany. Viruses 2024, 16, 454. https://doi.org/10.3390/v16030454
Goller KV, Ziemann J, Kohler C, Becker K, Hübner N-O, on behalf of the CoMV-Gen Study Group. Clinical Manifestations of Infections with the Omicron Sub-Lineages BA.1, BA.2, and BA.5: A Retrospective Follow-Up Analysis of Public Health Data from Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania, Germany. Viruses. 2024; 16(3):454. https://doi.org/10.3390/v16030454
Chicago/Turabian StyleGoller, Katja Verena, Janine Ziemann, Christian Kohler, Karsten Becker, Nils-Olaf Hübner, and on behalf of the CoMV-Gen Study Group. 2024. "Clinical Manifestations of Infections with the Omicron Sub-Lineages BA.1, BA.2, and BA.5: A Retrospective Follow-Up Analysis of Public Health Data from Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania, Germany" Viruses 16, no. 3: 454. https://doi.org/10.3390/v16030454
APA StyleGoller, K. V., Ziemann, J., Kohler, C., Becker, K., Hübner, N.-O., & on behalf of the CoMV-Gen Study Group. (2024). Clinical Manifestations of Infections with the Omicron Sub-Lineages BA.1, BA.2, and BA.5: A Retrospective Follow-Up Analysis of Public Health Data from Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania, Germany. Viruses, 16(3), 454. https://doi.org/10.3390/v16030454