High SARS-CoV-2 Seroprevalence among Healthcare Workers in Bamako, Mali
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Study Design and Population
2.2. SARS-CoV-2 IgG ELISA
2.3. Validation of the Assay and Determination of Index Values
2.4. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Study Population
3.2. Participant Sociodemographic and Clinical Characteristics
3.3. Impact of Occupational Exposure of SARS-CoV-2, Trends among Healthcare Workers in Bamako, Mali
3.3.1. Self-Reported Occupational Exposure to SARS-CoV-2
3.3.2. Seroprevalence Trends Overtime
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Characteristics | All | Seronegative | Seropositive |
---|---|---|---|
n = 238 | n = 91 | n = 147 | |
Age (years), mean (+/−SD) | 33 (9) | 34 (9) | 33 (9) |
Female, n (%) | 98 (41.2) | 35 (35.7) | 63 (64.3) |
Male, n (%) | 140 (58.8) | 56 (40.0) | 84 (60.0) |
Profession n (%) | |||
Physicians | 45 (18.9) | 19 (42.2) | 26 (57.8) |
Physician assistant | 4 (1.7) | 2 (50.0) | 2 (50.0) |
Nurse | 54 (22.7) | 17 (31.5) | 37 (68.5) |
Environmental service | 15 (6.3) | 7 (46.7) | 8 (53.3) |
Transportation technician | 18 (7.1) | 9 (50.0) | 9 (50.0) |
Other | 94 (39.1) | 31 (33.3) | 63 (67.0) |
Practice Setting n (%) | |||
Hospital setting | 229 (96.2) | 91 (39.7) | 138 (60.3) |
Outpatient setting | 12 (5.0) | 2 (16.7) | 10 (83.3) |
Community setting | 5 (2.1) | 0 (0.0) | 5 (100.0) |
Symptoms past 3 months n (%) | |||
Fever | 66 (28.2) | 22 (33.3) | 44 (66.7) |
Congestion | 55 (8.4) | 17 (30.9) | 38 (69.1) |
Sore throat | 21 (8.8) | 6 (28.6) | 15 (71.4) |
Dry cough | 29 (12.2) | 12 (41.4) | 17 (58.6) |
Headache | 79 (33.2) | 24 (30.4) | 55 (69.6) |
Tiredness | 72 (30.3) | 24 (33.3) | 48 (66.7) |
Pain | 67 (28.2) | 25 (37.3) | 42 (62.7) |
Comorbidities n (%) | |||
Obesity | 18 (7.6) | 4 (22.2) | 14 (77.8) |
Diabetes | 3 (1.3) | 1 (33.3) | 2 (66.7) |
High blood pressure | 4 (1.7) | 3 (75.0) | 1 (25.0) |
Asthma | 4 (1.7) | 1 (25.0) | 3 (75.0) |
Smoking | 17 (7.1) | 8 (47.1) | 9 (52.9) |
Exposure and PPE Use n (%) | All | Seronegative | Seropositive |
---|---|---|---|
n = 238 | n = 91 | n = 147 | |
Higher exposure risk | 234 (99.2) | 87 (37.2) | 147 (62.8) |
Lower exposure risk | 4 (1.7) | 4 (100.0) | 0 (0.0) |
PPE use | |||
As recommended | 199 (83.6) | 74 (37.2) | 125 (62.8) |
Most of the time | 31 (13.0) | 10 (32.3) | 21 (67.7) |
Rarely | 4 (1.7) | 3 (75.0) | 1 (25.0) |
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Somboro, A.M.; Cissoko, Y.; Camara, I.; Kodio, O.; Tolofoudie, M.; Dembele, E.; Togo, A.C.G.; Ba, D.M.; Sarro, Y.d.S.; Baya, B.; et al. High SARS-CoV-2 Seroprevalence among Healthcare Workers in Bamako, Mali. Viruses 2022, 14, 102. https://doi.org/10.3390/v14010102
Somboro AM, Cissoko Y, Camara I, Kodio O, Tolofoudie M, Dembele E, Togo ACG, Ba DM, Sarro YdS, Baya B, et al. High SARS-CoV-2 Seroprevalence among Healthcare Workers in Bamako, Mali. Viruses. 2022; 14(1):102. https://doi.org/10.3390/v14010102
Chicago/Turabian StyleSomboro, Anou M., Yacouba Cissoko, Issiaka Camara, Ousmane Kodio, Mohamed Tolofoudie, Etienne Dembele, Antieme C. G. Togo, Djibril M. Ba, Yeya dit Sadio Sarro, Bocar Baya, and et al. 2022. "High SARS-CoV-2 Seroprevalence among Healthcare Workers in Bamako, Mali" Viruses 14, no. 1: 102. https://doi.org/10.3390/v14010102