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Article

IFN-λ1 Displays Various Levels of Antiviral Activity In Vitro in a Select Panel of RNA Viruses

by
Marina Plotnikova
1,
Alexey Lozhkov
1,2,
Ekaterina Romanovskaya-Romanko
1,
Irina Baranovskaya
1,2,
Mariia Sergeeva
1,2,
Konstantin Kаа
3,
Sergey Klotchenko
1,* and
Andrey Vasin
1,2,4
1
Smorodintsev Research Institute of Influenza, Russian Ministry of Health, 197376 St. Petersburg, Russia
2
Institute of Biomedical Systems and Biotechnologies, Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, 195251 St. Petersburg, Russia
3
Chumakov Federal Scientific Center for Research and Development of Immune-and-Biological Products RAS, 108819 Moscow, Russia
4
Scientific and Educational Center for Biophysical Research in The Field of Pharmaceuticals, Saint Petersburg State Chemical Pharmaceutical University, 197022 St. Petersburg, Russia
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Viruses 2021, 13(8), 1602; https://doi.org/10.3390/v13081602
Submission received: 30 June 2021 / Revised: 5 August 2021 / Accepted: 6 August 2021 / Published: 12 August 2021
(This article belongs to the Special Issue State-of-the-Art Respiratory Viruses Research in Russia)
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Abstract

Type III interferons (lambda IFNs) are a quite new, small family of three closely related cytokines with interferon-like activity. Attention to IFN-λ is mainly focused on direct antiviral activity in which, as with IFN-α, viral genome replication is inhibited without the participation of immune system cells. The heterodimeric receptor for lambda interferons is exposed mainly on epithelial cells, which limits its possible action on other cells, thus reducing the likelihood of developing undesirable side effects compared to type I IFN. In this study, we examined the antiviral potential of exogenous human IFN-λ1 in cellular models of viral infection. To study the protective effects of IFN-λ1, three administration schemes were used: ‘preventive’ (pretreatment); ‘preventive/therapeutic’ (pre/post); and ‘therapeutic’ (post). Three IFN-λ1 concentrations (from 10 to 500 ng/mL) were used. We have shown that human IFN-λ1 restricts SARS-CoV-2 replication in Vero cells with all three treatment schemes. In addition, we have shown a decrease in the viral loads of CHIKV and IVA with the ‘preventive’ and ‘preventive/therapeutic’ regimes. No significant antiviral effect of IFN-λ1 against AdV was detected. Our study highlights the potential for using IFN-λ as a broad-spectrum therapeutic agent against respiratory RNA viruses.
Keywords: IFN-lambda; influenza virus; SARS-CoV-2; CHIKV; antiviral effect IFN-lambda; influenza virus; SARS-CoV-2; CHIKV; antiviral effect

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MDPI and ACS Style

Plotnikova, M.; Lozhkov, A.; Romanovskaya-Romanko, E.; Baranovskaya, I.; Sergeeva, M.; Kаа, K.; Klotchenko, S.; Vasin, A. IFN-λ1 Displays Various Levels of Antiviral Activity In Vitro in a Select Panel of RNA Viruses. Viruses 2021, 13, 1602. https://doi.org/10.3390/v13081602

AMA Style

Plotnikova M, Lozhkov A, Romanovskaya-Romanko E, Baranovskaya I, Sergeeva M, Kаа K, Klotchenko S, Vasin A. IFN-λ1 Displays Various Levels of Antiviral Activity In Vitro in a Select Panel of RNA Viruses. Viruses. 2021; 13(8):1602. https://doi.org/10.3390/v13081602

Chicago/Turabian Style

Plotnikova, Marina, Alexey Lozhkov, Ekaterina Romanovskaya-Romanko, Irina Baranovskaya, Mariia Sergeeva, Konstantin Kаа, Sergey Klotchenko, and Andrey Vasin. 2021. "IFN-λ1 Displays Various Levels of Antiviral Activity In Vitro in a Select Panel of RNA Viruses" Viruses 13, no. 8: 1602. https://doi.org/10.3390/v13081602

APA Style

Plotnikova, M., Lozhkov, A., Romanovskaya-Romanko, E., Baranovskaya, I., Sergeeva, M., Kаа, K., Klotchenko, S., & Vasin, A. (2021). IFN-λ1 Displays Various Levels of Antiviral Activity In Vitro in a Select Panel of RNA Viruses. Viruses, 13(8), 1602. https://doi.org/10.3390/v13081602

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