Dysregulation of Pulmonary Responses in Severe COVID-19
1
Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
2
Department of Crop Genetics and Breeding, College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Academic Editor: Oliver Schildgen
Viruses 2021, 13(6), 957; https://doi.org/10.3390/v13060957
Received: 2 April 2021
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Revised: 4 May 2021
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Accepted: 19 May 2021
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Published: 21 May 2021
(This article belongs to the Section SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19)
Patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) predominantly have a respiratory tract infection with various symptoms and high mortality is associated with respiratory failure second to severe disease. The risk factors leading to severe disease remain unclear. Here, we reanalyzed a published single-cell RNA-Seq (scRNA-Seq) dataset and found that bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) of patients with severe disease compared to those with mild disease contained decreased TH17-type cells, decreased IFNA1-expressing cells with lower expression of toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7) and TLR8, increased IgA-expressing B cells, and increased hyperactive epithelial cells (and/or macrophages) expressing matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), hyaluronan synthase 2 (HAS2), and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), which may together contribute to the pulmonary pathology in severe COVID-19. We propose IFN-I (and TLR7/TLR8) and PAI-1 as potential biomarkers to predict the susceptibility to severe COVID-19.
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Keywords:
COVID-19; TH17; IgA; type I interferon; PAI-1
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MDPI and ACS Style
Wu, D.; Yang, X.O. Dysregulation of Pulmonary Responses in Severe COVID-19. Viruses 2021, 13, 957. https://doi.org/10.3390/v13060957
AMA Style
Wu D, Yang XO. Dysregulation of Pulmonary Responses in Severe COVID-19. Viruses. 2021; 13(6):957. https://doi.org/10.3390/v13060957
Chicago/Turabian StyleWu, Dandan, and Xuexian O. Yang. 2021. "Dysregulation of Pulmonary Responses in Severe COVID-19" Viruses 13, no. 6: 957. https://doi.org/10.3390/v13060957
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