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Article

Treatment with Class A CpG Oligodeoxynucleotides in Cats with Naturally Occurring Feline Parvovirus Infection: A Prospective Study

1
AniCura Istituto Veterinario di Novara, Strada Provinciale 9, 28060 Granozzo con Monticello (NO), Italy
2
Department of Animal Medicine, Production and Health, University of Padova, viale dell’Università 16, 35020 Legnaro (PD), Italy
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The Ralph Veterinary Referral Centre, Fourth Avenue, Globe Business Park, Marlow SL7 1YG, UK
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Clinical Laboratory, Department of Clinical Diagnostics and Services, and Center for Clinical studies, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 260, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
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Clinic for Small Animal Internal Medicine, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 260, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Viruses 2020, 12(6), 640; https://doi.org/10.3390/v12060640
Received: 17 May 2020 / Revised: 7 June 2020 / Accepted: 9 June 2020 / Published: 12 June 2020
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Viral Infections in Companion Animals)
Feline parvovirus (FPV) causes severe gastroenteritis and leukopenia in cats; the outcome is poor. Information regarding specific treatments is lacking. Class A CpG oligodeoxynucleotides (CpG-A) are short single-stranded DNAs, stimulating type I interferon production. In cats, CpG-A induced an antiviral response in vivo and inhibited FPV replication in vitro. The aim was to prospectively investigate the effects of CpG-A on survival, clinical score, hematological findings, antiviral response (cytokines), viremia, and fecal shedding (real-time qPCR) in cats naturally infected with FPV. Forty-two FPV-infected cats were randomized to receive 100 µg/kg of CpG-A (n = 22) or placebo (n = 20) subcutaneously, on admission and after 48 h. Blood and fecal samples were collected on admission, after 1, 3, and 7 days. All 22 cats showed short duration pain during CpG-A injections. The survival rate, clinical score, leukocyte and erythrocyte counts, viremia, and fecal shedding at any time-point did not differ between cats treated with CpG-A (50%) and placebo (40%). Antiviral myxovirus resistance (Mx) gene transcription increased in both groups from day 1 to 3 (p = 0.005). Antibodies against FPV on admission were associated with survival in cats (p = 0.002). In conclusion, CpG-A treatment did not improve the outcome in cats with FPV infection. FPV infection produced an antiviral response. View Full-Text
Keywords: cat; feline parvovirus; CpG-A; treatment; antiviral; Mx protein cat; feline parvovirus; CpG-A; treatment; antiviral; Mx protein
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MDPI and ACS Style

Ferri, F.; Porporato, F.; Rossi, F.; Enache, D.; Callegari, C.; Gerardi, G.; Coppola, L.M.; Contiero, B.; Crinò, C.; Kohan, N.R.; Meli, M.L.; Lutz, H.; Hofmann-Lehmann, R.; Zini, E. Treatment with Class A CpG Oligodeoxynucleotides in Cats with Naturally Occurring Feline Parvovirus Infection: A Prospective Study. Viruses 2020, 12, 640. https://doi.org/10.3390/v12060640

AMA Style

Ferri F, Porporato F, Rossi F, Enache D, Callegari C, Gerardi G, Coppola LM, Contiero B, Crinò C, Kohan NR, Meli ML, Lutz H, Hofmann-Lehmann R, Zini E. Treatment with Class A CpG Oligodeoxynucleotides in Cats with Naturally Occurring Feline Parvovirus Infection: A Prospective Study. Viruses. 2020; 12(6):640. https://doi.org/10.3390/v12060640

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ferri, Filippo, Federico Porporato, Francesco Rossi, Daniela Enache, Carolina Callegari, Gabriele Gerardi, Luigi M. Coppola, Barbara Contiero, Chiara Crinò, Neda R. Kohan, Marina L. Meli, Hans Lutz, Regina Hofmann-Lehmann, and Eric Zini. 2020. "Treatment with Class A CpG Oligodeoxynucleotides in Cats with Naturally Occurring Feline Parvovirus Infection: A Prospective Study" Viruses 12, no. 6: 640. https://doi.org/10.3390/v12060640

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