Genetic Variability and Evolution of Hepatitis E Virus
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Taxonomy
2.1. Orthohepevirus A
2.2. Orthohepevirus B
2.3. Orthohepevirus C
2.4. Orthohepevirus D
2.5. Other Unassigned Related Hepeviruses
3. HEV Genome
4. Distribution and Clinical Significance of HEV Genotype within Orthohepevirus A
5. Genomic Variability and Evolution
5.1. Nucleotide Mutations during Consecutive Passages in Cell Culture (Clinical Sample-Derived versus cDNA Clone-Derived)
5.2. Possible Clinical Implication of HEV Genomic Mutations
6. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Family | Genus | Species | Genotype | Host |
---|---|---|---|---|
Hepeviridae | Orthohepevirus | Orthohepevirus A | 1 | human |
2 | human | |||
3 | human, pig, wild boar, deer, mongoose, rabbit, goat a, horse b, bottlenose dolphin c, sheep d | |||
4 | human, pig, wild boar, cattle e, cow f, sheep g, goat h, yak i | |||
5 | wild boar | |||
6 | wild boar | |||
7 | dromedary camel | |||
8 | Bactrian camel | |||
Orthohepevirus B | chicken | |||
Orthohepevirus C | C1 | rat, greater bandicoot rat j, Asian musk shrew k | ||
C2 | ferret, mink l | |||
Orthohepevirus D | bat | |||
Piscihepevirus | Piscihepevirus A | cutthroat trout |
Nucleotide Position | Region | Nucleotide | Amino Acid | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
JE03-1760F/wt | p10f/A (Feces-Derived) | p10f/B (Feces-Derived) | p10c (cDNA-Derived) | Position | Substitution | ||
22 | 5’UTR | U | A | U | U | NA a | - |
61 | ORF1 (MeT) | U | U | C | U | 12 | - |
370 | ORF1 (MeT) | C | U | C | C | 115 | - |
445 | ORF1 (MeT) | U | U | C | U | 140 | - |
591 | ORF1 (MeT) | C | U | C | C | 189 | Ala to Val |
829 | ORF1 (Y) | C | C | U | C | 268 | - |
1213 | ORF1 (Y) | C | C | C | U | 396 | - |
1378 | ORF1 (PCP) | C | C | U | C | 451 | - |
1549 | ORF1 (PCP) | U | U | C | U | 508 | - |
2191 | ORF1 (HVR) | C | C | U | C | 722 | - |
2236 | ORF1 (HVR) | C | C | U | C | 737 | - |
2246 | ORF1 (HVR) | U | C | C | U | 741 | Trp to Arg |
2557 | ORF1 (X) | U | U | U | C | 844 | - |
2704 | ORF1 (X) | U | C | U | U | 893 | - |
2808 | ORF1 (X) | U | U | C | C | 928 | Val to Ala |
2913 | ORF1 (Hel) | A | A | G | A | 963 | Glu to Gly |
2915 | ORF1(Hel) | G | G | U | G | 964 | Val to Leu |
2938 | ORF1 (Hel) | C | U | C | C | 971 | - |
3106 | ORF1 (Hel) | A | G | A | A | 1027 | - |
3118 | ORF1 (Hel) | C | C | C | U | 1031 | - |
3223 | ORF1 (Hel) | U | U | C | U | 1066 | - |
3235 | ORF1 (Hel) | C | U | C | C | 1070 | - |
3453 | ORF1 (Hel) | C | U | C | C | 1143 | Ala to Val |
3475 | ORF1 (Hel) | C | C | U | C | 1150 | - |
3496 | ORF1 (Hel) | C | U | C | C | 1157 | - |
4015 | ORF1 (RdRp) | C | U | C | C | 1330 | - |
4309 | ORF1 (RdRp) | C | C | U | C | 1428 | - |
4435 | ORF1 (RdRp) | C | C | C | U | 1470 | - |
4462 | ORF1 (RdRp) | C | U | C | C | 1479 | - |
5054 | ORF1 (RdRp) | A | A | A | G | 1677 | Ile to Val |
5312 | ORF2 | U | U | C | U | 47 | - |
ORF3 | 51 | Ile to Thr | |||||
5378 | ORF2 | A | G | G | A | 69 | - |
ORF3 | 73 | Asn to Ser | |||||
5456 | ORF2 | C | U | U | C | 95 | - |
ORF3 | 99 | Pro to Leu | |||||
6047 | ORF2 | U | U | C | U | 292 | - |
6470 | ORF2 | C | U | C | C | 433 | - |
6578 | ORF2 | C | U | C | C | 469 | - |
6611 | ORF2 | C | U | C | C | 480 | - |
6626 | ORF2 | U | C | U | U | 485 | - |
6652 | ORF2 | U | U | C | U | 494 | Val to Ala |
6855 | ORF2 | A | A | G | A | 562 | Asn to Asp |
6944 | ORF2 | U | U | C | U | 591 | - |
7186 | 3’UTR | C | C | U | C | NA a | - |
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Primadharsini, P.P.; Nagashima, S.; Okamoto, H. Genetic Variability and Evolution of Hepatitis E Virus. Viruses 2019, 11, 456. https://doi.org/10.3390/v11050456
Primadharsini PP, Nagashima S, Okamoto H. Genetic Variability and Evolution of Hepatitis E Virus. Viruses. 2019; 11(5):456. https://doi.org/10.3390/v11050456
Chicago/Turabian StylePrimadharsini, Putu Prathiwi, Shigeo Nagashima, and Hiroaki Okamoto. 2019. "Genetic Variability and Evolution of Hepatitis E Virus" Viruses 11, no. 5: 456. https://doi.org/10.3390/v11050456