βTrCP is Required for HIV-1 Vpu Modulation of CD4, GaLV Env, and BST-2/Tetherin
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Plasmids
2.2. Cell Lines
2.3. Western Blotting
2.4. Infectivity Assays
2.5. Surface Labeling
2.6. Imaging
3. Results
3.1. GaLV Env ∆8 Is Targeted for Lysosomal Degradation
3.2. Inhibition of Lysosomal Degradation Does Not Restore Infectious Particle Production with GaLV Env ∆8
3.3. Loss of Surface Expression Weakly Correlates with Loss of Infectious Particle Production
3.4. Vpu Inhibition of GaLV Env ∆8 Infectious Particle Production Is Polyubiquitin Dependent
3.5. Vpu Inhibition of GaLV Env ∆8 Infectious Particle Production Is Restored by Neddylation Inhibitor MLN4924
3.6. Vpu Inhibition of GaLV Env ∆8 Infectious Particle Production Is Restored by Dominant Negative (DN) Cullin 1, But Not a DN βTrCP
3.7. βTrCP Is Required for Vpu Activity
4. Discussion
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Song, Y.E.; Cyburt, D.; Lucas, T.M.; Gregory, D.A.; Lyddon, T.D.; Johnson, M.C. βTrCP is Required for HIV-1 Vpu Modulation of CD4, GaLV Env, and BST-2/Tetherin. Viruses 2018, 10, 573. https://doi.org/10.3390/v10100573
Song YE, Cyburt D, Lucas TM, Gregory DA, Lyddon TD, Johnson MC. βTrCP is Required for HIV-1 Vpu Modulation of CD4, GaLV Env, and BST-2/Tetherin. Viruses. 2018; 10(10):573. https://doi.org/10.3390/v10100573
Chicago/Turabian StyleSong, Yul Eum, Daniel Cyburt, Tiffany M. Lucas, Devon A. Gregory, Terri D. Lyddon, and Marc C. Johnson. 2018. "βTrCP is Required for HIV-1 Vpu Modulation of CD4, GaLV Env, and BST-2/Tetherin" Viruses 10, no. 10: 573. https://doi.org/10.3390/v10100573