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Volume 17
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Article

On the Roots of Secular Oaks (Quercus robur) from Cristian: A Social and Technical Perspective of a Community Symbol

by
Vasile Diana
1,
Raluca Enescu
2,
Dumitru-Dobre Constantin
1,
Simona Coman
1,
Nicoleta Emilia Martoiu
1 and
Andrei Apăfăian
1,*
1
National Institute for Research and Development in Forestry “Marin Dracea”, 500040 Brasov, Romania
2
Faculty of Silviculture and Forest Engineering, Transilvania University of Brasov, 500036 Brașov, Romania
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Forests 2026, 17(1), 42; https://doi.org/10.3390/f17010042 (registering DOI)
Submission received: 19 November 2025 / Revised: 22 December 2025 / Accepted: 25 December 2025 / Published: 27 December 2025
(This article belongs to the Section Urban Forestry)
Versions Notes

Abstract

Secular trees have an important contribution to today’s communities, not only due to cultural or historical reasons but also to recreational aspects. Management of such species can be done after a thorough analysis is done related to their health status. In most cases, a visual inspection to determine the health status can lead to unsatisfactory results. Modern technology, such as computer tomography, has results that are accurate and valid. A total of 17 secular oak trees ((Quercus robur) were sampled and analyzed with Arbotom 2D (Arbotom 2D, Rinn Tech, Heidelberg, Germany) by using sensors on the tree trunks. Besides this, it is imperative to compare the results in the field with the view of the community related to their local symbol. Results revealed severe internal decay (75%–80% damaged wood) in eight oaks, while in the core of the trunk (10%–50% damaged wood), it was seen in seven oaks. Only two oaks have good health status. Survey results indicated the oaks as moderate healthy; only 18.8% respondents from the community consider the oaks unhealthy or in visible decline. This can lead to serious injuries to bystanders. The results have demonstrated a great link between technical and social research so decision-making stakeholders can apply a tailored management for their area.
Keywords: secular oaks; computer topography; survey; questionnaire; community; awareness secular oaks; computer topography; survey; questionnaire; community; awareness

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MDPI and ACS Style

Diana, V.; Enescu, R.; Constantin, D.-D.; Coman, S.; Martoiu, N.E.; Apăfăian, A. On the Roots of Secular Oaks (Quercus robur) from Cristian: A Social and Technical Perspective of a Community Symbol. Forests 2026, 17, 42. https://doi.org/10.3390/f17010042

AMA Style

Diana V, Enescu R, Constantin D-D, Coman S, Martoiu NE, Apăfăian A. On the Roots of Secular Oaks (Quercus robur) from Cristian: A Social and Technical Perspective of a Community Symbol. Forests. 2026; 17(1):42. https://doi.org/10.3390/f17010042

Chicago/Turabian Style

Diana, Vasile, Raluca Enescu, Dumitru-Dobre Constantin, Simona Coman, Nicoleta Emilia Martoiu, and Andrei Apăfăian. 2026. "On the Roots of Secular Oaks (Quercus robur) from Cristian: A Social and Technical Perspective of a Community Symbol" Forests 17, no. 1: 42. https://doi.org/10.3390/f17010042

APA Style

Diana, V., Enescu, R., Constantin, D.-D., Coman, S., Martoiu, N. E., & Apăfăian, A. (2026). On the Roots of Secular Oaks (Quercus robur) from Cristian: A Social and Technical Perspective of a Community Symbol. Forests, 17(1), 42. https://doi.org/10.3390/f17010042

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