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Volume 17
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10.3390/f17010128
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This is an early access version, the complete PDF, HTML, and XML versions will be available soon.
Article

Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Analysis of the GRX Gene Family Reveals Its Potential Role in Floral Organ Development and Sex Differentiation in Litsea cubeba

by
Siqi Wang
1,2,3,
Yangdong Wang
1,3,
Ming Gao
1,2,3,
Yicun Chen
1,2,3 and
Yunxiao Zhao
1,2,3,*
1
State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China
2
Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou 311400, China
3
Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Forest Genetics and Breeding, Hangzhou 311400, China
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Forests 2026, 17(1), 128; https://doi.org/10.3390/f17010128
Submission received: 29 November 2025 / Revised: 26 December 2025 / Accepted: 9 January 2026 / Published: 16 January 2026
(This article belongs to the Section Genetics and Molecular Biology)
Versions Notes

Abstract

As a class of glutathione-dependent oxidoreductases, glutaredoxins (GRXs) play a central role in maintaining cellular redox homeostasis, thereby influencing diverse biological processes including growth, development, and stress adaptation in plants. This study identified 36 GRX genes in Litsea cubeba through whole-genome analysis. Phylogenetic classification placed them into four subfamilies (CC-, CGFS-, CPYC-type, and a species-specific SS branch), consistent with patterns in model plants like Arabidopsis thaliana and Oryza sativa, indicating evolutionary conservation of GRX core motifs. Genomic analyses including chromosomal location, collinearity, and gene structure revealed family evolution features. Expression profiling showed 11 LcGRX genes were flower-specific, with marked differential expression during stamen (M2) and pistil (F2) degeneration, supporting their roles in sexual dimorphism. Functional assays confirmed that floral highly expressed LcGRX12 directly interacts with TGA transcription factor LcTGA10, similar to its Arabidopsis homolog ROXY1. This study reveals the GRX-TGA module’s role in floral organ development in L. cubeba, offering insights into redox-mediated sex differentiation in Lauraceae and providing candidate genes for molecular breeding.
Keywords: GRX gene family; sex differentiation; GRX-TGA module; redox regulation GRX gene family; sex differentiation; GRX-TGA module; redox regulation

Share and Cite

MDPI and ACS Style

Wang, S.; Wang, Y.; Gao, M.; Chen, Y.; Zhao, Y. Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Analysis of the GRX Gene Family Reveals Its Potential Role in Floral Organ Development and Sex Differentiation in Litsea cubeba. Forests 2026, 17, 128. https://doi.org/10.3390/f17010128

AMA Style

Wang S, Wang Y, Gao M, Chen Y, Zhao Y. Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Analysis of the GRX Gene Family Reveals Its Potential Role in Floral Organ Development and Sex Differentiation in Litsea cubeba. Forests. 2026; 17(1):128. https://doi.org/10.3390/f17010128

Chicago/Turabian Style

Wang, Siqi, Yangdong Wang, Ming Gao, Yicun Chen, and Yunxiao Zhao. 2026. "Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Analysis of the GRX Gene Family Reveals Its Potential Role in Floral Organ Development and Sex Differentiation in Litsea cubeba" Forests 17, no. 1: 128. https://doi.org/10.3390/f17010128

APA Style

Wang, S., Wang, Y., Gao, M., Chen, Y., & Zhao, Y. (2026). Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Analysis of the GRX Gene Family Reveals Its Potential Role in Floral Organ Development and Sex Differentiation in Litsea cubeba. Forests, 17(1), 128. https://doi.org/10.3390/f17010128

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