Fruit Morphology and Fatty Acid Composition of Swida wilsoniana Populations Collected from Different Regions in Southern China
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Plant Materials and Ecological Factors
2.2. Fruit Morphological Investigation
2.3. Fruit Oil Extraction
2.4. Chromatographic Analysis of Fatty Acid Methyl Esters (FAMEs)
2.5. Statistical Analysis
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Fruit Morphological Traits
3.2. Oil Content and Fatty Acid Composition
3.3. Correlation Analysis of Oil Traits and Ecological Factors for S. wilsoniana Fruits
3.4. PCA of Traits of S. wilsoniana Fruits
4. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Code | Locality | Latitude (N) | Longitude (E) | Altitude (m) | Temp. (°C) | Sun. Dur. (h) | Prec. (mm) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
CSHN | Chang Sha, Hu Nan | 28.12 | 113.05 | 77 | 21.7 | 1125.8 | 1557.8 |
LYHN | Liu Yang, Hu Nan | 28.56 | 113.72 | 85 | 22.5 | 2043.3 | 1646.2 |
LSHN | Long Shan, Hu Nan | 29.58 | 109.85 | 641 | 18.7 | 3204.2 | 1673.7 |
CYJX | Chong Yi, Jiang Xi | 25.48 | 114.11 | 384 | 21.8 | 1930.3 | 1768.0 |
YDJX | Yu Du, Jiang Xi | 25.95 | 115.65 | 161 | 23.2 | 1916.4 | 1790.9 |
ZGJX | Zhang Gong, Jiang Xi | 25.79 | 114.97 | 150 | 23.5 | 2646.1 | 1614.6 |
SGGD | Shao Guan, Guang Dong | 25.38 | 113.61 | 163 | 21.5 | 2114.6 | 1780.3 |
DBGX | De Bao, Guang Xi | 23.33 | 106.63 | 649 | 23.2 | 1348.3 | 987.3 |
NPGX | Na Po, Guang Xi | 23.32 | 105.94 | 1049 | 21.5 | 1956.2 | 1524.3 |
JXGX | Jing Xi, Guang Xi | 23.15 | 106.42 | 750 | 22.9 | 1612.6 | 1536.6 |
XPGX | Xiang Ping, Guang Xi | 22.12 | 106.72 | 260 | 26.1 | 1652.0 | 1366.6 |
Code | Fruit Length | Fruit Width | Thousand Fruit Weight | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mean ± SD (mm) | CV (%) | Mean ± SD (mm) | CV (%) | Mean ± SD (g) | CV (%) | |
CSHN | 6.02 ± 0.51 abc | 8.47 | 6.00 ± 0.52 abc | 8.74 | 146.40 ± 22.32 abc | 15.25 |
LYHN | 6.02 ± 0.57 abc | 9.46 | 5.88 ± 0.69 bc | 11.69 | 149.83 ± 28.95 abc | 19.32 |
LSHN | 5.23 ± 0.64 d | 12.14 | 5.56 ± 0.68 bc | 12.15 | 105.43 ± 29.71 de | 28.18 |
CYJX | 5.35 ± 0.44 cd | 8.19 | 5.33 ± 0.46 c | 8.54 | 94.68 ± 8.74 e | 9.23 |
YDJX | 6.22 ± 0.40 ab | 6.41 | 6.36 ± 0.60 ab | 9.39 | 175.34 ± 9.21 ab | 5.25 |
ZGJX | 6.44 ± 0.70 a | 10.92 | 6.65 ± 0.61 a | 9.34 | 185.44 ± 34.53 a | 18.62 |
SGGD | 5.66 ± 0.61 bcd | 10.70 | 5.87 ± 0.78 bc | 13.37 | 146.46 ± 30.46 abc | 20.80 |
DBGX | 6.13 ± 0.70 ab | 11.41 | 6.12 ± 0.78 abc | 12.80 | 155.99 ± 36.11 abc | 23.15 |
NPGX | 5.82 ± 0.53 abcd | 9.05 | 5.81 ± 0.45 bc | 7.68 | 137.63 ± 28.22 bcd | 20.50 |
JXGX | 5.79 ± 0.45 abcd | 7.76 | 5.66 ± 0.39 bc | 6.80 | 134.98 ± 23.38 bcd | 17.32 |
XPGX | 5.75 ± 0.63 abcd | 10.89 | 5.58 ± 0.49 bc | 8.71 | 121.21 ± 38.32 cde | 31.61 |
F | 16.023 | 9.533 | 19.401 | |||
p | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Location | Oil Content (%) | Palmitic Acid (%) | Stearic Acid (%) | Oleic Acid (%) | Linoleic Acid (%) | Linolenic Acid (%) | UFA (%) | UFA/SFA |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
CSHN | 21.96 ± 7.63 bc | 19.20 ± 2.21 de | 1.68 ± 0.19 e | 28.63 ± 3.64 bc | 46.78 ± 3.37 a | 0.21 ± 0.07 ab | 79.11 ± 2.18 a | 3.84 ± 0.55 abcd |
LYHN | 22.04 ± 2.61 bc | 18.61 ± 2.47 de | 2.20 ± 0.20 bcd | 31.38 ± 8.90 abc | 44.05 ± 6.47 a | 0.24 ± 0.04 ab | 79.19 ± 2.42 a | 3.87 ± 0.58 abc |
LSHN | 16.10 ± 4.94 c | 16.38 ± 3.53 e | 2.29 ± 0.40 ab | 28.11 ± 9.90 bc | 47.93 ± 7.91 a | 0.24 ± 0.07 ab | 81.33 ± 3.59 a | 4.53 ± 0.98 a |
CYJX | 23.43 ± 3.96 b | 18.73 ± 5.97 de | 2.14 ± 0.33 bcd | 39.10 ± 15.78 a | 36.33 ± 9.41 b | 0.26 ± 0.10 a | 79.13 ± 5.67 a | 4.21 ± 1.80 ab |
YDJX | 28.49 ± 0.74 ab | 23.71 ± 1.74 ab | 1.95 ± 0.17 cde | 24.53 ± 2.05 c | 45.57 ± 1.32 a | 0.17 ± 0.04 b | 74.34 ± 1.90 cd | 2.91 ± 0.29 ef |
ZGJX | 26.09 ± 2.84 ab | 23.29 ± 2.84 abc | 1.88 ± 0.32 de | 24.55 ± 4.20 c | 45.85 ± 2.48 a | 0.16 ± 0.04 b | 74.82 ± 2.70 cd | 3.02 ± 0.48 def |
SGGD | 33.08 ± 5.52 a | 20.24 ± 2.76 bcd | 1.70 ± 0.22 e | 31.59 ± 3.90 abc | 42.61 ± 2.90 a | 0.21 ± 0.03 ab | 78.06 ± 2.68 ab | 3.62 ± 0.57 bcde |
DBGX | 28.70 ± 4.78 ab | 24.36 ± 2.84 a | 2.14 ± 0.28 bcd | 36.82 ± 7.91 a | 31.88 ± 3.18 b | 0.17 ± 0.04 b | 73.50 ± 2.78 cd | 2.81 ± 0.41 ef |
NPGX | 22.16 ± 7.97 bc | 19.76 ± 10.31 cde | 2.55 ± 0.63 a | 32.51 ± 8.63 abc | 42.03 ± 6.04 a | 0.22 ± 0.02 ab | 73.31 ± 1.05 cd | 2.75 ± 0.15 f |
JXGX | 27.85 ± 4.66 ab | 21.94 ± 2.33 abcd | 2.25 ± 0.18 abc | 38.01 ± 5.06 a | 35.29 ± 3.27 b | 0.18 ± 0.01 b | 75.81 ± 2.40 bc | 3.16 ± 0.44 cdef |
XPGX | 29.32 ± 5.73 ab | 25.53 ± 1.25 a | 2.05 ± 0.25 bcd | 35.35 ± 4.92 ab | 33.72 ± 3.76 b | 0.20 ± 0.09 ab | 72.42 ± 1.28 d | 2.63 ± 0.17 f |
Mean | 22.39 ± 7.55 | 19.59 ± 3.98 | 1.95 ± 0.39 | 29.45 ± 7.63 | 44.85 ± 6.70 | 0.21 ± 0.07 | 78.38 ± 3.74 | 3.78 ± 0.90 |
F | 9.801 | 13.063 | 19.213 | 5.643 | 16.070 | 3.805 | 17.323 | 12.820 |
p | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 |
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Zhang, L.; Zhou, X.; Chen, Y.; Li, P.; Yang, Y.; Li, C.; Chen, J. Fruit Morphology and Fatty Acid Composition of Swida wilsoniana Populations Collected from Different Regions in Southern China. Forests 2022, 13, 1811. https://doi.org/10.3390/f13111811
Zhang L, Zhou X, Chen Y, Li P, Yang Y, Li C, Chen J. Fruit Morphology and Fatty Acid Composition of Swida wilsoniana Populations Collected from Different Regions in Southern China. Forests. 2022; 13(11):1811. https://doi.org/10.3390/f13111811
Chicago/Turabian StyleZhang, Luhong, Xiao Zhou, Yunzhu Chen, Peiwang Li, Yan Yang, Changzhu Li, and Jingzhen Chen. 2022. "Fruit Morphology and Fatty Acid Composition of Swida wilsoniana Populations Collected from Different Regions in Southern China" Forests 13, no. 11: 1811. https://doi.org/10.3390/f13111811
APA StyleZhang, L., Zhou, X., Chen, Y., Li, P., Yang, Y., Li, C., & Chen, J. (2022). Fruit Morphology and Fatty Acid Composition of Swida wilsoniana Populations Collected from Different Regions in Southern China. Forests, 13(11), 1811. https://doi.org/10.3390/f13111811