Stable Allometric Trajectories in Picea abies (L.) Karst. Trees along an Elevational Gradient
Abstract
:1. Introduction
- The influence of temperature on bud break and tree growth in order to quantify differences in the growing conditions along the gradient;
- The stability of allometric trajectories with ontogenesis along the gradient.
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Experimental Set
2.2. Local Performance
- Apical bud break process, measured every two days from 18 May to 5 June 2018;
- Apical shoot elongation, measured every three weeks from 23 May to 4 September 2018;
- Diameter at 20 cm from root collar, measured every three weeks from 23 May to 4 September 2018.
2.3. Allometric Relationships
2.4. Statistical Analyses
3. Results
3.1. Local Performance
3.2. Allometric Relationships
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Site | Group | Mean T (°C) |
---|---|---|
A (320 m a.s.l.) | b | 17.16 (±0.1) |
B (420 m a.s.l.) | b | 17.09 (±0.1) |
C (500 m a.s.l.) | a | 16.39 (±0.1) |
D (595 m a.s.l.) | a | 16.49 (±0.1) |
A | B | C | D | |
---|---|---|---|---|
A | / | 0.17 (±0.01) | 0.80 (±0.02) | 0.75 (±0.03) |
B | / | 0.64 (±0.01) | 0.59 (±0.02) | |
C | / | −0.05 (±0.02) |
Site | Group | Mean Height (cm) |
---|---|---|
A (320 m a.s.l.) | b | 169.97 (±5.2) |
B (420 m a.s.l.) | b | 166.44 (±5.3) |
C (500 m a.s.l.) | a | 136.35 (±4.7) |
D (595 m a.s.l.) | a | 137.47 (±4.7) |
Site | Group | Mean Diameter (cm) |
A (320 m a.s.l.) | b | 3.16 (±0.11) |
B (420 m a.s.l.) | b | 3.19 (±0.10) |
C (500 m a.s.l.) | a | 2.55 (±0.10) |
D (595 m a.s.l.) | a | 2.75 (±0.11) |
Site | Group | Mean Date (DOY) | Approximate Date |
---|---|---|---|
A (320 m a.s.l.) | ab | 144.98 (±0.29) | 25 May |
B (420 m a.s.l.) | a | 144.67 (±0.31) | 25 May |
C (500 m a.s.l.) | bc | 146.47 (±0.53) | 26 May |
D (595 m a.s.l.) | c | 146.62 (±0.4) | 27 May |
Site | Group | Mean Normalized Shoot Elongation | Mean Shoot Elongation (cm) |
---|---|---|---|
A | a | 0.22 (±0.01) | 37.48 (±2.2) |
B | ab | 0.25 (±0.01) | 42.12 (±1.9) |
C | b | 0.26 (±0.01) | 35.77 (±1.7) |
D | ab | 0.23 (±0.01) | 32.32 (± 2) |
Site | Group | Mean Normalized Diameter Increment | Mean Diameter Increment (cm) |
A | a | 0.105 (±0.007) | 0.334 (±0.02) |
B | ab | 0.112 (±0.008) | 0.351 (±0.02) |
C | bc | 0.139 (±0.009) | 0.348 (±0.02) |
D | c | 0.138 (±0.007) | 0.374 (±0.02) |
Allometric Relationship | Site | Slope (b) | C.I. (2.5%) | C.I. (97.5%) | Intercept (a) | C.I. (2.5%) | C.I. (97.5%) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Diameter Vs. Height (D vs. H) | A | 0.96 | 0.91 | 0.99 | 0.03 | 0.02 | 0.03 |
B | 0.89 | 0.85 | 0.94 | 0.03 | 0.03 | 0.04 | |
C | 0.91 | 0.86 | 0.96 | 0.03 | 0.02 | 0.04 | |
D | 0.93 | 0.88 | 0.98 | 0.03 | 0.02 | 0.04 | |
Crown Length Vs. Height (Lcro vs. H) | A | 1.12 | 1.1 | 1.15 | 0.48 | 0.43 | 0.54 |
B | 1.04 | 1.03 | 1.06 | 0.74 | 0.68 | 0.79 | |
C | 1.04 | 1.02 | 1.06 | 0.71 | 0.66 | 0.79 | |
D | 1.06 | 1.03 | 1.09 | 0.63 | 0.55 | 0.72 | |
Crown radius Vs. Height (Rcro vs. H) | A | 0.77 | 0.7 | 0.84 | 1.05 | 0.78 | 1.48 |
B | 0.84 | 0.78 | 0.91 | 0.69 | 0.5 | 0.95 | |
C | 0.81 | 0.75 | 0.86 | 0.81 | 0.62 | 1.05 | |
D | 0.89 | 0.84 | 0.94 | 0.58 | 0.45 | 0.72 |
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Mura, C.; Strømme, C.B.; Anfodillo, T. Stable Allometric Trajectories in Picea abies (L.) Karst. Trees along an Elevational Gradient. Forests 2020, 11, 1231. https://doi.org/10.3390/f11111231
Mura C, Strømme CB, Anfodillo T. Stable Allometric Trajectories in Picea abies (L.) Karst. Trees along an Elevational Gradient. Forests. 2020; 11(11):1231. https://doi.org/10.3390/f11111231
Chicago/Turabian StyleMura, Claudio, Christian Bianchi Strømme, and Tommaso Anfodillo. 2020. "Stable Allometric Trajectories in Picea abies (L.) Karst. Trees along an Elevational Gradient" Forests 11, no. 11: 1231. https://doi.org/10.3390/f11111231