Tree Allergen Pollen-Related Content as Pollution Source in the City of Ourense (NW Spain)
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
3. Results
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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2017 | 2018 | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Fraxinus | Alnus | Platanus | Betula | Olea | Fraxinus | Alnus | Platanus | Betula | Olea | |
MPS start | 3-January | 10-January | 16-March | 26-March | 4-May | 4-January | 17-January | 6-April | 18-April | 23-May |
MPS end | 28-February | 2-March | 20-April | 27-April | 4-June | 10-March | 25-February | 8-May | 15-May | 2-July |
MPS length | 57 | 52 | 36 | 33 | 32 | 66 | 40 | 33 | 28 | 41 |
Mean pollen | 10 | 52 | 203 | 94 | 43 | 24 | 159 | 164 | 300 | 6 |
Pollen peak | 37 | 408 | 1549 | 307 | 199 | 160 | 867 | 932 | 1283 | 35 |
Peak date | 17-February | 31-January | 29-March | 10-April | 4-May | 17-January | 24-January | 6-April | 25-April | 24-June |
Pollen | 563 | 2692 | 7290 | 3103 | 1389 | 1575 | 6368 | 5399 | 8397 | 233 |
Fra e 1 | Aln g 1 | Pla a 1 | Bet v 1 | Ole e 1 | Fra e 1 | Aln g 1 | Pla a 1 | Bet v 1 | Ole e 1 | |
Mean allergen | 0.039 | 0.177 | 0.387 | 0.288 | 0.019 | 0.045 | 0.185 | 0.195 | 0.298 | 0.003 |
Allergen peak | 0.241 | 1.868 | 1.157 | 0.925 | 0.101 | 0.660 | 1.320 | 0.535 | 0.624 | 0.019 |
Peak date | 17-February | 1-February | 21-March | 19-April | 21-May | 23-January | 18-February | 15-April | 6-May | 24-June |
Allergen | 2.237 | 9.200 | 13.927 | 9.513 | 0.604 | 2.970 | 7.386 | 5.072 | 8.354 | 0.117 |
AP (ng/pollen) | 0.0040 | 0.0034 | 0.0019 | 0.0031 | 0.0004 | 0.0019 | 0.0012 | 0.0009 | 0.0010 | 0.0005 |
Fraxinus | Alnus | Platanus | Betula | Olea | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Average Temperature | −0.444 ** | −0.416 ** | 0.120 ** | 0.250 ** | 0.306 ** |
Maximum Temperature | −0.383 ** | −0.373 ** | 0.158 ** | 0.291 ** | 0.257 ** |
Minimum Temperature | −0.472 ** | −0.432 ** | ns | 0.138 ** | 0.318 ** |
Relative Humidity | 0.229 ** | 0.199 ** | −0.277 ** | −0.373 ** | −0.161 ** |
Rainfall | ns | ns | ns | −0.108 ** | ns |
Wind Speed | −0.201 ** | −0.129 ** | 0.278 ** | 0.279 ** | 0.245 ** |
Allergen | 0.704 ** | 0.689 ** | 0.712 ** | 0.719 ** | 0.810 ** |
Fra e 1 | Aln g 1 | Pla a 1 | Bet v 1 | Ole e 1 | |
Average Temperature | −0.410 ** | −0.387 ** | ns | ns | 0.202 ** |
Maximum Temperature | −0.405 ** | −0.354 ** | ns | 0.107 ** | 0.170 ** |
Minimum Temperature | −0.376 ** | −0.370 ** | −0.142 ** | −0.092 ** | 0.201 ** |
Relative Humidity | 0.309 ** | 0.231 ** | −0.182 ** | −0.272 ** | −0.131 ** |
Rainfall | ns | ns | ns | −0.073 * | ns |
Wind Speed | −0.203 ** | −0.187 ** | 0.175 ** | 0.168 ** | 0.205 ** |
Pollen | 0.704 ** | 0.689 ** | 0.712 ** | 0.719 ** | 0.810 ** |
Regression Equation | Adj. R2 | p | |
---|---|---|---|
Fraxinus | Fra e 1 = 0.0002 + 0.002 × Fraxinus (pollen/m3) | 0.609 | 0.000 |
Alnus | Aln g 1 = 0.009 + 0.001 × Alnus (pollen/m3) | 0.289 | 0.000 |
Platanus | Pla a 1 = 0.011 + 0.001 × Platanus (pollen/m3) | 0.625 | 0.000 |
Betula | Bet v 1 = 0.011 + 0.001 × Betula (pollen/m3) | 0.512 | 0.000 |
Olea | Ole e 1 = 0.0003 + 0.0003 × Olea (pollen/m3) | 0.737 | 0.000 |
Risk Level | Pollen | 2017 | 2018 | Total | Allergen | 2017 | 2018 | Total | Pollen + Allergen | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Alnus | Low | 1–30 | 89 | 97 | 186 | 0.011–0.039 | 28 | 17 | 45 | 64 |
Moderate | 31–50 | 13 | 9 | 22 | 0.040–0.059 | 5 | 6 | 11 | ||
High | >50 | 17 | 27 | 44 | >0.059 | 32 | 23 | 55 | ||
Fraxinus | Low | 1–30 | 107 | 75 | 182 | 0.002–0.065 | 50 | 39 | 89 | 16 |
Moderate | 31–50 | 2 | 6 | 8 | 0.067–0.109 | 5 | 3 | 8 | ||
High | >50 | 0 | 10 | 10 | >0.109 | 4 | 8 | 12 | ||
Platanus | Low | 1–50 | 67 | 78 | 145 | 0.012–0.058 | 13 | 12 | 25 | 34 |
Moderate | 51–200 | 18 | 9 | 27 | 0.059–0.201 | 22 | 8 | 30 | ||
High | >200 | 6 | 8 | 14 | >0.201 | 21 | 10 | 31 | ||
Betula | Low | 1–30 | 57 | 96 | 153 | 0.013–0.038 | 0 | 3 | 3 | 59 |
Moderate | 31–50 | 5 | 3 | 8 | 0.039–0.055 | 13 | 18 | 31 | ||
High | >50 | 17 | 19 | 36 | >0.055 | 36 | 22 | 58 | ||
Olea | Low | 1–50 | 50 | 39 | 89 | 0.001–0.0166 | 31 | 18 | 49 | 1 |
Moderate | 51–200 | 7 | 0 | 7 | 0.0169–0.065 | 10 | 1 | 11 | ||
High | >200 | 0 | 0 | 0 | >0.065 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
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Álvarez-López, S.; Fernández-González, M.; González-Fernández, E.; Garrido, A.; Rodríguez-Rajo, F.J. Tree Allergen Pollen-Related Content as Pollution Source in the City of Ourense (NW Spain). Forests 2020, 11, 1129. https://doi.org/10.3390/f11111129
Álvarez-López S, Fernández-González M, González-Fernández E, Garrido A, Rodríguez-Rajo FJ. Tree Allergen Pollen-Related Content as Pollution Source in the City of Ourense (NW Spain). Forests. 2020; 11(11):1129. https://doi.org/10.3390/f11111129
Chicago/Turabian StyleÁlvarez-López, Sabela, María Fernández-González, Estefanía González-Fernández, Alejandro Garrido, and Fco. Javier Rodríguez-Rajo. 2020. "Tree Allergen Pollen-Related Content as Pollution Source in the City of Ourense (NW Spain)" Forests 11, no. 11: 1129. https://doi.org/10.3390/f11111129