Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungal Communities Are Influenced by Host Tree Species on the Loess Plateau, Northwest China
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Study Site
2.2. Sampling Design
2.3. Evaluation of Mycorrhizal Colonization
2.4. Quantification and Identification of AM Fungal Spores
2.5. Analysis of Soil Physicochemical Properties
2.6. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Rhizosphere Soil Properties
3.2. Mycorrhizal Colonization and Spore Density
3.3. Composition of AM Fungal Communities
3.4. Diversity of AM Fungal Communities
3.5. Relations between AM Fungal Diversity and Soil Properties
4. Discussion
4.1. Effects of Tree Species on AM Fungi
4.2. Effects of Soil Depth on AM Fungi
4.3. Effects of Soil Properties on AM Fungi
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Tree Species | Depth | SWC (%) | pH | SOC (g kg−1) | AP (mg kg−1) | TP (g kg−1) | AK (mg kg−1) | TK (g kg−1) | NO3-N (mg kg−1) | NH4-N (mg kg−1) | TN (g kg−1) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
H. rha | 0–20 | 14.0 ± 0.8 b | 7.65 ± 0.1 a | 5.23 ± 1.70 cd | 7.40 ± 1.22 ab | 1.01 ± 0.05 ab | 11.59 ± 0.27 c | 11.14 ± 0.89 bc | 10.71 ± 0.82 a | 9.65 ± 1.28 ab | 0.24 ± 0.03 e |
20–40 | 15.4 ± 1.1 a | 7.66 ± 0.1 a | 4.12 ± 1.20 de | 6.38 ± 0.98 ab | 1.04 ± 0.12 ab | 11.52 ± 0.64 c | 10.63 ± 0.50 c | 10.57 ± 2.75 a | 7.07 ± 0.74 b | 0.22 ± 0.01 efg | |
J. com | 0–20 | 11.5 ± 1.3 cd | 7.40 ± 0.1 c | 13.77 ± 2.38 a | 6.94 ± 1.96 ab | 1.55 ± 0.41 a | 12.52 ± 0.07 ab | 14.58 ± 1.13 ab | 10.48 ± 0.66 a | 10.79 ± 1.14 a | 0.84 ±0.04 a |
20–40 | 11.6 ± 0.2 cd | 7.51 ± 0.1 bc | 12.10 ± 1.45 ab | 5.85 ± 0.68 b | 1.57 ± 0.35 a | 11.97 ± 0.12 bc | 13.52 ± 0.83 abc | 9.43 ± 0.55 a | 6.93 ± 0.29 b | 0.77 ± 0.01 b | |
P. cat | 0–20 | 10.3 ± 0.5 d | 7.60 ± 0.1 ab | 4.09 ± 1.05 de | 7.59 ± 0.17 ab | 1.13 ± 0.12 ab | 12.83 ± 0.05 a | 16.02 ± 3.49 a | 10.64 ± 0.37 a | 7.26 ± 1.62 b | 0.18 ± 0.01 fgh |
20–40 | 11.0 ± 0.3 d | 7.64 ± 0.1 ab | 3.53 ± 0.40 de | 6.36 ± 0.26 ab | 0.87 ± 0.18 b | 12.32 ± 0.24 ab | 13.04 ± 0.75 abc | 10.18 ± 0.40 a | 7.15 ± 0.58 b | 0.16 ± 0.03 gh | |
R. pse | 0–20 | 4.5 ± 0.3 e | 7.62 ± 0.1 ab | 2.66 ± 0.28 de | 8.00 ± 0.87 ab | 1.17 ± 0.07 ab | 12.97 ± 0.05 a | 16.83 ± 0.03 a | 10.62 ± 0.43 a | 8.63 ± 0.87 ab | 0.22 ± 0.01 ef |
20–40 | 4.9 ± 0.8 e | 7.67 ± 0.1 a | 2.53 ± 0.62 e | 7.49 ± 2.86 ab | 1.04 ± 0.06 ab | 12.56 ± 0.04 ab | 15.15 ± 0.97 a | 10.24 ± 0.01 a | 7.96 ± 0.03 ab | 0.12 ± 0.01 h | |
S. mat | 0–20 | 11.3 ± 0.8 cd | 7.65 ± 0.1 a | 10.44 ± 2.14 b | 10.06 ± 1.67 a | 1.29 ± 0.21 ab | 12.67 ± 0.03 ab | 10.83 ± 0.32 bc | 10.60 ± 1.08 a | 8.17 ± 0.52 ab | 0.62 ± 0.01 c |
20–40 | 12.6 ± 0.9 c | 7.67 ± 0.1 a | 6.69 ± 1.57 c | 9.45 ± 1.27 ab | 1.19 ± 0.10 ab | 12.36 ± 0.24 ab | 10.60 ± 0.95 c | 9.55 ± 0.77 a | 6.78 ± 2.12 b | 0.50 ± 0.01 d | |
TS | *** | *** | *** | ** | *** | *** | *** | ns | ns | *** | |
DE | ** | * | ** | ns | ns | *** | * | ns | *** | *** | |
TS × DE | ns | ns | ns | ns | ns | ns | ns | ns | ns | *** |
Variable | R2 | F | p |
---|---|---|---|
SWC | 0.922 | 3.070 | 0.083 |
pH | 0.881 | 1.932 | 0.211 |
SOC | 0.979 | 11.952 | 0.003** |
AP | 0.832 | 1.295 | 0.400 |
TP | 0.934 | 3.694 | 0.055 |
AK | 0.962 | 6.671 | 0.013* |
TK | 0.958 | 6.950 | 0.012* |
NO3-N | 0.686 | 0.569 | 0.847 |
NH4-N | 0.919 | 2.953 | 0.091 |
TN | 0.960 | 6.263 | 0.015* |
SD | 0.951 | 5.097 | 0.025* |
MCR | 0.920 | 3.011 | 0.087 |
SR | 0.891 | 2.130 | 0.176 |
SW | 0.789 | 0.974 | 0.567 |
EI | 0.909 | 2.608 | 0.118 |
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He, F.; Chen, H.; Tang, M. Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungal Communities Are Influenced by Host Tree Species on the Loess Plateau, Northwest China. Forests 2019, 10, 930. https://doi.org/10.3390/f10100930
He F, Chen H, Tang M. Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungal Communities Are Influenced by Host Tree Species on the Loess Plateau, Northwest China. Forests. 2019; 10(10):930. https://doi.org/10.3390/f10100930
Chicago/Turabian StyleHe, Fei, Hui Chen, and Ming Tang. 2019. "Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungal Communities Are Influenced by Host Tree Species on the Loess Plateau, Northwest China" Forests 10, no. 10: 930. https://doi.org/10.3390/f10100930