Article Versions Notes

Zain M, Hussain N, Qasim A, Mehak G, Ahmad F, Sidorov G, Gelbukh A. RU-OLD: A Comprehensive Analysis of Offensive Language Detection in Roman Urdu Using Hybrid Machine Learning, Deep Learning, and Transformer Models. Algorithms. 2025; 18(7):396. https://doi.org/10.3390/a18070396

Zain, Muhammad, Nisar Hussain, Amna Qasim, Gull Mehak, Fiaz Ahmad, Grigori Sidorov, and Alexander Gelbukh. 2025. "RU-OLD: A Comprehensive Analysis of Offensive Language Detection in Roman Urdu Using Hybrid Machine Learning, Deep Learning, and Transformer Models" Algorithms 18, no. 7: 396. https://doi.org/10.3390/a18070396

Zain, M., Hussain, N., Qasim, A., Mehak, G., Ahmad, F., Sidorov, G., & Gelbukh, A. (2025). RU-OLD: A Comprehensive Analysis of Offensive Language Detection in Roman Urdu Using Hybrid Machine Learning, Deep Learning, and Transformer Models. Algorithms, 18(7), 396. https://doi.org/10.3390/a18070396