The Effect of UV Treatment on the Osteoconductive Capacity of Zirconia-Based Materials
1
Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Albert-Ludwigs University, Hugstetter Strasse 55, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
2
Institute for Dental Materials and Engineering, University Hospital for Dental Medicine, University of Basel, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Academic Editor: Jordi Sort
Materials 2016, 9(12), 958; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma9120958
Received: 16 August 2016 / Revised: 14 November 2016 / Accepted: 17 November 2016 / Published: 24 November 2016
(This article belongs to the Section Biomaterials)
Objective: Improvements in the bioactivity of zirconia implants for accelerated healing and reduced morbidity have been of continuing interest in the fields of dentistry and orthopedic surgery. The aim of the present study was to examine whether UV treatment increases the osteoconductivity of zirconia-based materials. Materials and Methods: Smooth and rough zirconia-based disks and cylindrical implants were treated with UV light for 15 min and subsequently placed in rat femurs. Surface characterization was performed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and contact angle measurements. Results: In vivo histomorphometry revealed that the percentage of bone-implant contact and the amount of bone volume, formed around UV-treated implants, increased by 3–7-fold for smooth surfaces and by 1.4–1.7-fold for rough surfaces compared to non-treated specimens at Weeks 2 and 4 of healing, respectively. A biomechanical test showed that UV treatment accelerated the establishment of bone-zirconia integration and enhanced the strength of the bone-implant interface by two-fold. Additionally, surface characterization of the zirconia disks revealed that UV treatment decreased the amount of surface carbon and converted the hydrophilic status from hydrophobic to superhydrophilic. Conclusions: This study indicates that UV light pretreatment enhances the osteoconductive capacity of zirconia-based materials.
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Keywords:
osseointegration; zirconia; implant surface; photofunctionalization; ultraviolet treatment; bone
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MDPI and ACS Style
Brezavšček, M.; Fawzy, A.; Bächle, M.; Tuna, T.; Fischer, J.; Att, W. The Effect of UV Treatment on the Osteoconductive Capacity of Zirconia-Based Materials. Materials 2016, 9, 958.
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